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2022 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujin Kim ◽  
Daewoong Nam ◽  
Rory Ma ◽  
Sangsoo Kim ◽  
Myung-jin Kim ◽  
...  

Understanding the ultrafast dynamics of molecules is of fundamental importance. Time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy (TR-XAS) is a powerful spectroscopic technique for unveiling the time-dependent structural and electronic information of molecules that has been widely applied in various fields. Herein, the design and technical achievement of a newly developed experimental apparatus for TR-XAS measurements in the tender X-ray range with X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) at the Pohang Accelerator Laboratory XFEL (PAL-XFEL) are described. Femtosecond TR-XAS measurements were conducted at the Ru L 3-edge of well known photosensitizer tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) chloride ([Ru(bpy)3]2+) in water. The results indicate ultrafast photoinduced electron transfer from the Ru center to the ligand, which demonstrates that the newly designed setup is applicable for monitoring ultrafast reactions in the femtosecond domain.


2022 ◽  
pp. 327-340
Author(s):  
Atanda Saliu Sambo ◽  
Gbntogo-Saghanen G.B. Ntogo ◽  
Rita Eda

This study aims at identifying the challenges facing undergraduates in the use of electronic information resources (EIR) in a university in Southwest Nigeria. The descriptive survey design was adopted for this study. The population for the study comprised 85,526 registered undergraduate student (2018/2019) academic session in the federal and state universities in Southwest Nigeria. The sample for the study was 398. Proportionate sampling techniques were used to draw the sample. Questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection from the respondents based on a four-point scale rating. The findings revealed high cost of access, power outage, information overload, lack of proper maintenance, funding of library services, among others. Based on the findings, the study recommended provision of alternative sources of funds, constant maintenance of e-resources, and first year students should be introduced to computer training, among others.


2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e007388
Author(s):  
Madalene Oberin ◽  
Skye Badger ◽  
Céline Faverjon ◽  
Angus Cameron ◽  
Melanie Bannister-Tyrrell

IntroductionElectronic information systems (EIS) that implement a ‘One Health’ approach by integrating antimicrobial resistance (AMR) data across the human, animal and environmental health sectors, have been identified as a global priority. However, evidence on the availability, technical capacities and effectiveness of such EIS is scarce.MethodsThrough a qualitative synthesis of evidence, this systematic scoping review aims to: identify EIS for AMR surveillance that operate across human, animal and environmental health sectors; describe their technical characteristics and capabilities; and assess whether there is evidence for the effectiveness of the various EIS for AMR surveillance. Studies and reports between 1 January 2000 and 21 July 2021 from peer-reviewed and grey literature in the English language were included.Results26 studies and reports were included in the final review, of which 27 EIS were described. None of the EIS integrated AMR data in a One Health approach across all three sectors. While there was a lack of evidence of thorough evaluations of the effectiveness of the identified EIS, several surveillance system effectiveness indicators were reported for most EIS. Standardised reporting of the effectiveness of EIS is recommended for future publications. The capabilities of the EIS varied in their technical design features, in terms of usability, data display tools and desired outputs. EIS that included interactive features, and geospatial maps are increasingly relevant for future trends in AMR data analytics.ConclusionNo EIS for AMR surveillance was identified that was designed to integrate a broad range of AMR data from humans, animals and the environment, representing a major gap in global efforts to implement One Health approaches to address AMR.


Jurnal HAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 533
Author(s):  
Tasya Safiranita ◽  
Travis Tio Pratama Waluyo ◽  
Elizabeth Calista ◽  
Danielle Putri Ratu ◽  
Ahmad M. Ramli

Cyberspace is the interdependent network of information technology infrastructures such as the internet, telecommunications networks, and computer systems. Meanwhile, Indonesia’s Law Number 11 of 2008 and its amendment through Indonesian Law Number 19 of 2016 governing cyberspace have been viewed to contradict and infringe other areas of law, such as protection of press or freedom of expression. Hence, this study seeks to identify the controversies and problems regarding the law deemed urgent for amendment. Further, this study creates recommendations so the government may amend electronic information policy more fairly and efficiently. This study uses a judicial normative and comparative approach. This research tries to analyze the existing regulations and the implementation and compare Indonesia’s cyberspace regulation with other States’. This study finds that Articles 27(3) and 28(2) of the law criminalize defamation and hate speech in an overly broad manner and that Article 40(2)(b) allows the government to exercise problematic censorship. As a result, they have infringed the freedom of the press and general freedom of expression in practice. In response to this, this study compares similar provisions from other States and recommends amendment the articles to become narrower and more clearly defined.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Dewa Gede Giri Santosa

The existence of the internet has a positive impact and has a negative impact, one of which is the rampant hate speech that is spread through social media. The government then issued Law No. 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions as amended by Law No. 19 of 2016, which regulates the criminalisation of hate speech conducted via electronic media. Nonetheless, even though there have been criminal threats against acts of hate speech through cyberspace, the number of cases of hate speech handled by the police has increased in years. The research aims to discover social changes' influence in the criminalisation of hate speech through electronic media. Moreover, the research investigates the criminalisation of hate speech's effectiveness through electronic media to tackle the rise of hate speech in cyberspace. This research uses the normative legal research method. The research explains that social changes related to sharing information via electronic media have an impact on applicable law in Indonesia with regulations regarding hate speech through electronic media. However, since the enactment of this regulation, hate speech acts through electronic media has increased. Therefore, the criminalisation policy must pay attention to the principle of subsidiarity. Criminal law must be the last resort in overcoming crimes using a penal instrument. Other efforts needed that should be prioritised apart from punishing the perpetrators of criminal acts.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-73
Author(s):  
Olga A. Malakanova ◽  
Tatyana P. Orlova

The article discusses the concept of electronic information and educational environment of the university and its structure. The features of its implementation are analyzed on the example of Samara National Research University named after academician S.P. Korolev. The article presents the results of a sociological study, the purpose of which has been to point out the specifics of the use of the universitys IEE under conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to carry out the research regarding the students opinion about the educational features of distance learning process. The following components of EIEE are most often used during distance learning: personal educational account, e-learning system based on Moodle (do.ssau.ru) and the university portal (ssau.ru). The majority of respondents believe that online educational platforms have limited opportunities for interactive interaction between students and teachers. Students suggest to pay attention primarily to the technical equipment of the educational process and the development of free online educational platforms. That is their proposal regarding the optimization of the online learning process.


2021 ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Irina Valerievna Trusei ◽  
◽  
Irina Valerievna Kazakevich ◽  
Vladimir Alexandrovich Adolf ◽  
◽  
...  

One of the most important tasks of education of the Russian Federation is the transformation of Supplementary education. The monitoring system is a tool for implementing the state policy in the field of Supplementary education. The urgency of creating a monitoring system that monitors the digital educational environment of Supplementary education of children has been determined. This is based on the analysis of modern trends and directions of modernization of Supplementary education of children. It’s necessary to create a new educational environment and to provide schools with software and hardware systems in the field of life safety. The Purpose of the article is the analysis and identification of the features of electronic information resources for the implementation of blended learning models in the educational process on the «Fundamentals of Life Safety». Research methodology and methods. The methods of theoretical research (analysis and synthesis) of special literature and regulatory documents was used in this article. Conclusion. The investigation of information resources into various areas of life safety for the implementation of blended learning has been carried out. The presented information resources are developed by specialists in their fields and contain high-quality content that meets the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard.


2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Dewi Bunga

One of the contents used by YouTubers to reach subscribers is by conducting product reviews. Based on their competencies, YouTubers convey an assessment of goods and services to the public and as a form of education to the public. This condition has the potential for legal problems if according to the producer or related parties that the results of the assessment by the YouTuber actually drop the goods or services being marketed. In this study, there are two problems discussed, namely, first; criminal policy of insult / and or defamation offenses in cyberspace, second; the principle of truth and public interest as the boundary between education or insulting and / or defamation. This research is a normative juridical method that examines the obscurity of norms regarding insult and / or defamation of product reviews submitted by YouTubers. The criminal policy for insult and / or defamation is regulated in Article 27 paragraph (3) of Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions which must be linked to Articles 310 and 311 of the Criminal Code. Testing the principles of truth and public interest is very important to free YouTubers from criminal charges on charges of defamation / and or defamation


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 114-129
Author(s):  
Kirill Klevtsov

The article is devoted to the analysis of such a complex and multifaceted legal phenomenon as „electronic information“. The aim of the research is to define the concept and legal nature of such information. The analysis is based on materialistic dialectics, legal hermeneutics, special and comparative legal methods, a sociological approach and a forecasting method. The study shows that the doctrine and practice lacks a unified approach to understanding electronic information in criminal cases, often the concept of „electronic information“ is confused with „electronic evidence“, while losing sight of its criminal procedural application. Author comes to the conclusion that there is no legislative definition of the concept of “electronic evidence” and it is still possible to operate with the term “electronic information” today, taking into account its cross-disciplinary purpose, respectively, the author’s definition of this concept is proposed. In addition, an attempt was made to determine the types of electronic information in criminal cases, including those requested in the framework of international cooperation, namely, the provision of mutual legal assistance. As an empirical basis for the study, we used the materials contained in the Practical Guide for Requesting Electronic Evidence from Other Countries, prepared jointly by the UN Office on Drugs and Crime, the Executive Directorate of the UN Security Council Counter-Terrorism Committee and the International Association of Prosecutors in collaboration with the EuroMed Justice programs and Euromed Police.


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