Liberalism in International Trade, Illiberalism in Domestic Economic Governance and Human Rights Protection in the Context of the WTO

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 238-248
Author(s):  
Vladislav Mulyun
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Fair Trial ◽  
Economic Governance ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Private Actors

This analysis focuses on one aspect of liberalism – the fundamental human right to fair trial – and discovers the possibility for private actors to protect domestically their (human) rights violated by infringements of WTO commitments. In the course of the discussion of relations between the issues of human rights protection and WTO States obligations several dimensions can be revealed.

Part II: Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilman Rodenhäuser
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Rights Violations ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
Armed Groups ◽  
Adequate Model ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
System P ◽  
State Obligations ◽  
Private Actors

‘Where are the good old days when everyone knew that human rights violations can only be committed by states against individuals?’1 Gone, replaced by a complex reality in which an exclusive focus on states as duty-bearers under international human rights law (IHRL) no longer provides an adequate model to address numerous human rights violations by non-state armed groups. Instead, states in United Nations (UN) organs or intergovernmental fora, as well as human rights experts, increasingly address demands to respect IHRL directly to armed groups. In order to conceptualize this development, this book raised three main arguments: (1) Contrary to the ‘received wisdom’, human rights may not only apply to the authority–individual relationship. Conceptually, they can also be understood as applying to the horizontal relationships between private actors. (2) While under IHRL treaty law it is primarily upon states to protect individuals against human rights violations by private actors, this obligation is limited if the state loses control over parts of its territory, or is otherwise unable to fulfil its obligations. In order to avoid a protection gap, IHRL obligations should be directly assigned to armed groups. (3) Contemporary international practice suggests that this requires a differentiated approach, taking account of the different nature and capacity of non-state armed groups. Assigning IHRL obligations to armed groups needs to complement and not substitute state obligations under the traditional state-centred human rights protection system....

Right to Sustainable Development as One of the Rights of Humanity

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 115-130
Author(s):  
Iryna Ivankiv
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Soft Law ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Right ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Right To Development ◽  
Individual Human

Right of humanity to development is described within the global search for responses to the planetary challenges. The idea of the rights of humanity is an attempt to propose the new approach to human rights protection, based on global interdependency. The article offers analysis of soft law documents on human right to development, as well as regional instruments for protection of human and peoples’ rights. It is argued that right to sustainable development viewed as a right of humanity may create a broader mechanism of protection both for individual human being and humanity in general.

A Case-Law Study of the Truth as Human Right

Global Jurist ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Castillo-Córdova ◽  
Susana Mosquera-Monelos
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Focus Attention ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
International Recognition ◽  
Human Good ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Right

AbstractWe consider the right to the truth an essential human right that should be recognized and guaranteed by the Law. Allowing all humans access to the truth is a human good permitting the achievement of a higher degree of human perfection and realization and, consequently, there are strong reasons to affirm that the Law should recognize and guarantee as much as possible access to the truth. Considering that it has been the international recognition of the right to the truth which has provided the basis for domestic regulations it is logical that we should focus attention on the international sphere of human rights protection and it is for this reason that we have carried out a case-law method investigation to describe the concept of “the right to the truth”.

scholarly journals Wybrane zagadnienia dotyczące zwalczania terroryzmu w kontekście prawa do rzetelnego procesu

2019 ◽  
pp. 163-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Matusiak-Frącczak
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Fair Trial ◽  
International Peace ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Targeted Killing ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Judicial Control ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
The Right

Terrorism is nowadays one of the biggest threats to international peace and security. Nevertheless, its combatting must be compatible with the requirements of human rights protection, including the right to a fair trial. First the article discusses procedural guarantees of suspects of terrorist crimes in criminal proceedings. Then the article deliberates the aspects of judicial control of targeted sanctions. The next part will constitute the exploration of the legal professional privilege in the discussed area. Finally, the article will discuss the judicial control of targeted killing. The aim of the article is to prove that actually the right to a fair trial and the procedural guarantees enshrined therein constitute a guarantee to other human rights.

9. International human rights law

2021 ◽  
pp. 163-185
Author(s):  
Anders Henriksen
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
Enforcement Mechanisms ◽  
Private Actors

This chapter discusses the system of human rights protection that has emerged since the end of the Second World War. It begins in Section 9.2 with the primary sources of human rights law before Section 9.3 discusses the different categories of human rights. Section 9.4 discusses the obligation on states to offer protection from acts of private actors. Section 9.5 provides an overview of the enforcement mechanisms in the UN and Section 9.6 focuses on the regional protection of human rights. Section 9.7 discusses the territorial scope of human rights treaties and Section 9.8 concerns the application of human rights in times of public emergency. Section 9.8 provides an overview of the international legal protection of refugees.

scholarly journals Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): An Accommodating Tool for Business Enterprises to Respect Human Rights

2013 ◽  
pp. 208-218
Author(s):  
Amarjibi Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Corporate Behavior ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Human Rights Treaties ◽  
Business Enterprises ◽  
Corporate Social

This article articulates on number of issues on CSR with an analysis of the importance in safeguarding human rights. It explains the comprehendible understanding of CSR and how it has evolved. Further, it highlights what should be the role of human right commission of Nepal in promoting CSR and what should be the corporate behavior of business enterprises under CSR in Nepal upon examination of human rights treaties and exploration of the specific business risks posed by the CSR dilemma. It makes some suggestions on range of actions that responsible business enterprises can take in order to respect and encourage human rights protection.

scholarly journals Kekerasan pada Setiap Tahap Penempatan TKI Asal Propinsi Sumatera Barat Tahun 2006

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Helfi Agustin
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Human Rights Violation

Peningkatan jumlah tenaga kerja Indonesia yang diberangkatkan keluar negeri seiring dengan kebijakan nasional diikuti oleh peningkatan berbagai masalah yang mengarah pada pelanggaran hak azasi manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui berbagai kekerasan yang menyertai setiap tahap penempatan tenaga kerja Indonesia dan dampaknya terhadap kesehatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metoda kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data wawancara mendalam dan metoda analisis tema. Penelitian diadakan di Propinsi Sumatera Barat, pada bulan April-Mei 2006. Hasil penelitian menemukan semua TKI berangkat pada usia muda. TKI dengan tingkat pendidikan/ akses informasi terbatas mudah terjebak dalam pemberangkatan ilegal. Semua TKI mengalami beberapa bentuk kekerasan secara bersamaan dan berulang Besar dan besar dampak kekerasan bergradasi menurut jenis kelamin. TKI legal mengalami eksploitasi karena peraturan dan mekanisme penempatan yang belum melindungi hak azasi manusia. Kekerasan tidak hanya terjadi ketika TKI bekerja di luar negeri, tetapi sejak pra pemberangkatan sampai saat pemulangan. TKI ilegal menghadapi resiko pelanggaran hak azasi manusia yang lebih besar dan mengalami kekerasan dengan gradasi dampak yang lebih berat. Untuk menghentikan pemberangkatan ilegal, disarankan pada Dinas Tenaga Kerja Propinsi Sumatera Barat untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat tentang aspek migrasi internasional melalui informasi publik. Kepada Depnakertrans RI diharapkan dapat merevisi peraturan dan melakukan upaya diplomasi yang berorientasi pada perlindungan hak azasi manusia dengan merujuk pada kesepakatan internasional.Kata kunci : Kekerasan, kualitatif, TKI, Sumatera BaratAbstractIndonesian government has determined a policy of employment placement as national program. With the raising number of Indonesian migrant workers, the related problems are also raising. The research is qualitative research and data were taken by in-depth interview method. The aim of this study is to know the form of abuse of Indonesian migrant workers in all placements and its health impact. Thematic analysis was used in this study. The study was held in West Sumatera Province in April –May 2006. The research finds that all of Indonesian Migrant Workers left the country at young ages. Those workers with low education level or had limited access to information were easily trapped in illegal departure. The form and magnitude of abuse were gradual according to sex. All Indonesian migrant workers experienced various kind of abuses simultaneously and repeatedly. Illegal Indonesian migrant workers are exploited because of the rule and mechanism of placement do not comply to human rights protection. Abuse does not only happen when Indonesian migrant workers are abroad but also before leaving and after coming home. Illegal Indonesian migrant workers faced higher risk of human rights violation and undergo abuse with greater impact. Government should improve citizen awareness to prevent abuse through elimination of illegal departure by giving information to wider public, and to have strong political commitment to revise rules related to migrant workers as well as to foster diplomatic efforts towards human right protection of Indonesian migrant workers.Keywords: Violence, qualitative, Indonesian migrant workers, West Sumatera

scholarly journals Which states parties should be held responsible for the implementation of positive obligations under the ECHR in sports-related disputes?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsubasa Shinohara
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
European Convention ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
State Party ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Human Rights Protection ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Legal Obligations ◽  
State Actors

AbstractIn sports society, awareness of human rights protection has gradually developed and sports governing bodies, such as the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the Fédération Internationale de la Football Association (FIFA), have striven to commit the implementation of human rights guaranteed by internationally recognised human right treaties in the international community. However, human rights law cannot directly impose any legal obligations on sports governing bodies because they are non-state actors established by domestic private law. In this situation, how can international human rights law apply to the private relationship between non-state actors? According to the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), state parties must implement positive obligations to protect individuals against any violations caused by non-state actors within the jurisdiction. To implement the positive obligations under the ECHR, it is necessary to identify which state parties should be held responsible for the implementation in sports-related disputes because, in Mutu and Pechstein v. Switzerland, athletes claimed a violation of the ECHR against Switzerland on the ground that the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) is located in Lausanne, Switzerland. However, it should be considered that Switzerland is not be liable for all violations of the ECHR’s rights caused by another state party. In light of this, the purpose of this article is to identify a hypothetical standard for determining which state parties should be held responsible for implementing the positive obligations under the ECHR.

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