Wood Structural Differences between Trees of Two Tropical Forests in Mexico

IAWA Journal ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefina Barajas-Morales
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Wood Structure ◽  
Vessel Wall Thickness ◽  
Vessel Elements ◽  
Structural Differences

A comparison was made of the wood structure of trees from a tropical rainforest and a tropical deciduous forest. Qualitative as well as quantitative differences were found. In the species from the tropical deciduous forest the wood is darker, harder and inclusions like crystals and resin are more abundant than in the rainforest species. Species from the deciduous forest have generally shorter and narrower vessel elements, shorter fibres and rays, greater pore abundance, greater specific gravity, and greater vessel wall thickness than the species from the rainforest.

Wood Specific Gravity in Species from Two Tropical Forests in Mexico

IAWA Journal ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefina Barajas-Morales
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
T Test ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Wood Specific Gravity ◽  
Dry Deciduous Forest

The specific gravity of 220 woody species, half of them from a tropical rainforest, half from a tropical deciduous forest was measured. The two groups were compared using a Student t-test. The results show highly significant differences in specific gravity between the species from the two areas: woods from the dry deciduous forest tend to be much heavier than those from the rainforest.

Paleoecological and archaeological implications of a Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene record of vegetation and climate from the Pacific coastal plain of Panama

2003 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolores R. Piperno ◽  
John G. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Human Occupation ◽  
Core Sediment ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Holocene Record

AbstractA phytolith record from Monte Oscuro, a crater lake located 10 m above sea level on the Pacific coastal plain of Panama, shows that during the Late Pleistocene the lake bed was dry and savanna-like vegetation expanded at the expense of tropical deciduous forest, the modern potential vegetation. A significant reduction of precipitation below current levels was almost certainly required to effect the changes observed. Core sediment characteristics indicate that permanent inundation of the Monte Oscuro basin with water occurred at about 10,500 14C yr B.P. Pollen and phytolith records show that deciduous tropical forest expanded into the lake’s watershed during the early Holocene. Significant burning of the vegetation and increases of weedy plants at ca. 7500 to 7000 14C yr B.P. indicate disturbance, which most likely resulted from early human occupation of the seasonal tropical forest near Monte Oscuro and the development of slash-and-burn methods of cultivation.

scholarly journals CARACTERIZAÇÕES ANATÔMICA E FÍSICO-MECÂNICA DA MADEIRA DE Liquidambar sp.

FLORESTA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaís Pereira Freitas ◽  
Lairo David Feuchard ◽  
José Tarcísio Silva Oliveira ◽  
Juarez Benigno Paes ◽  
Marina Donária Chaves Arantes
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Vessel Elements ◽  
Espirito Santo

Este trabalho teve como objetivo a caracterização anatômica e físico-mecânica da madeira de Liquidambar sp. Para tanto, foram utilizadas três árvores com oito anos de idade, provenientes de um arboreto localizado do município de Guaçuí, Espírito Santo. As características anatômicas analisadas foram as dimensões das fibras (comprimento, diâmetro total e do lume e espessura da parede), dos elementos de vasos (diâmetro tangencial e frequência) e dos raios (altura, largura e frequência). Para a caracterização físico-mecânica foram avaliadas a massa específica (básica, aparente a 12% de umidade e anidra), as contrações totais lineares e volumétrica, a resistência à flexão estática, à compressão paralela às fibras, ao cisalhamento e dureza Janka. Constatou-se frequência vascular numerosa com vasos de pequeno diâmetro tangencial, raios heterocelulares ocorrendo em baixa frequência, e fibras libriformes longas de paredes delgadas a espessas. A massa específica básica da madeira proveniente de discos retirados a 1,30 m do nível do solo foi de 0,48 g cm-3, sendo considerada média, a estabilidade dimensional foi considerada baixa, e houve grande influência da umidade nos valores de resistência da madeira. AbstractAnatomical and physical-mechanical characterization of Liquidambar sp. wood. This research aimed to improve anatomical, physical and mechanical characterization of Liquidambar sp.wood. Three trees were obtained, at eight years of age, from an arboretum located in Guaçuí, Espírito Santo State, Brazil. The analyzed variables were dimensions of the fibers (length, total diameter and diameter of the lumen and wall thickness), the vessel elements (tangential diameter and frequency), and ray (height, width and frequency). The specific gravity (basic, at 12% moisture content and dry), and total volumetric and linear shrinkages, resistance to bending, compression parallel to the fibers, shear and Janka hardness. For anatomical description it was found numerous vessels often with small tangential diameter, heterocellular rays occurring at low frequency, and long libriform fibers with thick to thin walls. The specific gravity of wood from disks taken at 1.30 m from ground level was 0.48 g cm-3, wich we considered average, the dimensional stability was low, and there was great influence of moisture in the resistance values in wood.Keywords: Anatomy; specific gravity; dimensional stability; mechanical strength.

Successional Change and Resilience of a Very Dry Tropical Deciduous Forest Following Shifting Agriculture

Biotropica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Lebrija-Trejos ◽  
Frans Bongers ◽  
Eduardo A. Pérez-García ◽  
Jorge A. Meave
Keyword(s):  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Shifting Agriculture ◽  
Successional Change

Dry Season Den Use by Pygmy Spotted Skunk (Spilogale pygmaea) in a Tropical Deciduous Forest of Mexico

Biotropica ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisette Cantú-Salazar ◽  
Mircea G. Hidalgo-Mihart ◽  
Carlos A. López-González ◽  
Alberto González-Romero
Keyword(s):  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Den Use

scholarly journals Madrigueras de Liomys pictus en dos selvas tropicales del Pacífico mexicano.

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Domínguez-Castellanos ◽  
Beatriz Hernandez Meza ◽  
Angeles Mendoza D. ◽  
Gerardo Ceballos González
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Mexican Pacific ◽  
La Selva

Resumen: Se determinó la estructura y el contenido de las madrigueras de Liomys pictus por tipo de vegetación y temporada del año, en dos selvas tropicales del Pacífico Mexicano. Se encontraron 24 madrigueras: en la selva baja la mayoría son complejas, mientras que  en la selva mediana son lineales, por consiguiente y de acuerdo a la clasificación de las madrigueras, en selva baja se presentaron madrigueras múltiples y en selva mediana madrigueras simples. De acuerdo al contenido, las de selva baja tienen en promedio una mayor cantidad de materiales en comparación a las de selva mediana. Se catalogaron un total de 248 especies de plantas de estas 50 se comparten en ambos sitios, del total de las especies se llegaron a identificar sólo 77. Las familias más representativas fueron Leguminoseae, Euphorbiaceae y Convolvulaceae. La estructura de las madrigueras no esta determinada por la temporalidad, sin embargo el contenido esta determinado con la cantidad de material almacenado aunque la producción de semillas esta definido por el patrón de fructificación que esta dado a lo largo del año.Palabras clave: Madrigueras, estructura, contenido, Liomys pictus, Jalisco, México.Abstract: We determined the structure and contents of burrows of Liomys pictus by vegetation type and season in two tropical forests of the Mexican Pacific. 24 burrows were found in the tropical dry forest and most complex, in the semi deciduous forest is linear, and therefore according to the classification of the burrows in the tropical dry forest are more numerous and simple in the semi deciduous forest. According to the content, of the tropical dry forest have on average a greater amount of material compared to the semi deciduous forest. Were categorized a total of 248 plant species of these 50 sites are shared in both the total number of species is to determine 77. The most representative families were Leguminoseae, Euphorbiaceae and Convulvolaceae. The structure of the burrows is not affected by the timing, but the content is determined with the amount of stored material but seed production is defined by the pattern of fruit that is given throughout the year.Key words: Burrows, structure, food hoarding, Liomys pictus, Jalisco, Mexico.

scholarly journals Inventario florístico del Cerro El Cebú y zonas adyacentes en la Reserva de la Biosfera El Triunfo (Polígono V), Chiapas, México

2017 ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Jorge Martínez-Meléndez ◽  
Miguel Ángel Pérez-Farrera ◽  
Oscar Farrera-Sarmiento
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Tropical Rain Forest ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Red List ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Oak Forest

A total of 502 species that belong to 115 families and 301 genera were recorded for Mt. El Cebu and adjacent zones in Polygon V of the El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve. The most speciose families were Orchiclaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Bromeliaceae and polypodiaceae with 58, 29, 28, 17, and 17 species, respectively. Six plant communities were recognized in the area, among which the cloud forest was the most diverse with 234 species, followed by pine-oak fore st with 150 species, and the tropical rain forest with 127. The oak forest and the tropical deciduous forest were less diverse, with 71 and 39 species, respectively. Only 13 species are included in the Mexican red list of endangered taxa.

scholarly journals Componentes fenológicos del sistema de cruzamiento monoico de Cnidoscolus spinosus (Euphorbiaceae) en Jalisco

2017 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Stephen H. Bullock
Keyword(s):  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
Mature Period ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Female Flowers

A hierarchy of phenological features defines the opportunities for breeding in a population of Cnidoscolus spinosus in a tropical deciduous forest in western Mexico. On any one tree, inflorescences develop in rough synchrony and all present flowers of both sexes. Only female flowers develop at the lowest ranks of ramification but only males develop later. Overlap of the mature period of flowers of both sexes is uncommon on one inflorescence of between inflorescences : individual trees are functionally female or male at any moment. lnter-tree synchrony may thus reduce successful breeding. Asynchrony is achieved in part by differences in the onset of flowering, but also by variance in the lenght of individual flowering cycles. The occurrence of two or three cycles per tree during one season for the population increases its breeding opportunities.

scholarly journals Análisis de crecimiento de tres especies de Caesalpinia (Leguminosae) de la selva baja caducifolia de Chamela, Jalisco

2017 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Rincón ◽  
Pilar Huante ◽  
Mariana Álvarez-Añorve
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Tropical Deciduous Forest ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Allocation Pattern ◽  
Location Patterns ◽  
Net Assimilation

The objective of this study is to assess the biomass allocation pattern s and growth characteristics of three species of Caesalpinia (Leguminosae) from the highly diverse and seasonal Chamela tropical deciduous forest , where the plant growth period is restricted to the rainy season. The studied species, although they are phylogenetically related, presented different biomass al location patterns and RGR during growth, in order to carry out a differential exploitation of resources and to promote their coexistence. There were differences in relative growth rate (RGR), root to shoot ratio (R/ S), net assimilation rate (E), biomass allocation patterns and total biomass and leaf area attained among the studied species. Caesalpinia eriostachys and C. platyloba showed similar growth patterns between them but contrasting with those of C. sclerocarpa. This suggests a temporal uncuopling of their maximum resource demand. RGR was determined to a greater extent by parameters related with E than by parameters related with the specific leaf area (SLA).

scholarly journals A neutralizing IL-11 antibody reduces vessel hyperplasia in a mouse carotid artery wire injury model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Schumacher ◽  
Elisa A. Liehn ◽  
Pakhwan Nilcham ◽  
David Castaño Mayan ◽  
Chutima Rattanasopa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Neointimal Hyperplasia ◽  
Endothelial Injury ◽  
Collagen Content ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ◽  
Vessel Wall Thickness ◽  
Artery Disease

AbstractVascular restenosis remains a major problem in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and peripheral artery disease (PAD). Neointimal hyperplasia, defined by post-procedure proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a key underlying pathology. Here we investigated the role of Interleukin 11 (IL-11) in a mouse model of injury-related plaque development. Apoe−/− mice were fed a hyperlipidaemic diet and subjected to carotid wire injury of the right carotid. Mice were injected with an anti-IL11 antibody (X203), IgG control antibody or buffer. We performed ultrasound analysis to assess vessel wall thickness and blood velocity. Using histology and immunofluorescence approaches, we determined the effects of IL-11 inhibition on VSMC and macrophages phenotypes and fibrosis. Treatment of mice with carotid wire injury using X203 significantly reduced post-endothelial injury vessel wall thickness, and injury-related plaque, when compared to control. Immunofluorescence staining of the injury-related plaque showed that X203 treatment did not reduce macrophage numbers, but reduced the number of VSMCs and lowered matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) levels and collagen content in comparison to control. X203 treatment was associated with a significant increase in smooth muscle protein 22α (SM22α) positive cells in injury-related plaque compared to control, suggesting preservation of the contractile VSMC phenotype. Interestingly, X203 also reduced the collagen content of uninjured carotid arteries as compared to IgG, showing an additional effect on hyperlipidemia-induced arterial remodeling in the absence of mechanical injury. Therapeutic inhibition of IL-11 reduced vessel wall thickness, attenuated neointimal hyperplasia, and has favorable effects on vascular remodeling following wire-induced endothelial injury. This suggests IL-11 inhibition as a potential novel therapeutic approach to reduce arterial stenosis following revascularization in CAD and PAD patients.

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