scholarly journals Music, Theatre, and Diplomacy: The Paris Opéra during the Second Empire

Diplomatica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-301
Author(s):  
Mark Everist
Keyword(s):  
Second Empire ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
Paris Opera ◽  
A Site

Abstract One of the first accomplishments of the Second Empire (1852–70) was to bring the Opéra under the control of a committee of the most highly placed politicians in the land. While this had far-reaching consequences for the development of repertory in the capital and beyond, it also opened up the possibility of using the Opéra as a locus of diplomatic activity, and major works and productions were made to work for diplomatic purposes. The Opéra emerged as a site of four types of diplomatic activities: the spectacle of state visits, the celebration and monumentalizing of military victories, the restoration and maintenance of good relations, and the promotion of Napoléon’s imperial project. Occasionally, as at the end of the “Crimean war,” the Opéra served as one of the sites for a series of prolonged negotiations that would lead to formal treaties.

The Novice in the City

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew L. Reznicek
Keyword(s):  
Paris Opera ◽  
Sydney Owenson ◽  
Opera House ◽  
A Site ◽  
The City

This chapter explores two competing representations of Paris in an early- and a late-career novel by Sydney Owenson. It argues that, in The Novice of Saint Dominick, Paris functions as a conservative site of socialization, while in The O’Briens and the O’Flahertys, the French capital becomes a site of liberal reforms and social mobility.In the earlier novel, Owenson focuses on the dangers of a woman’s involvement in metropolitan economics in order to enforce her submission to a masculine authority through the use of debts and cosmopolitan understandings of the market. The later novel uses the Paris Opera house to highlight the development of urban literacy.

Urban Contingency and the Problem of Representation in Second Empire Paris

1995 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Mead
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Process ◽  
State Institution ◽  
The State ◽  
Second Empire ◽  
Paris Opera ◽  
Napoleon Iii ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Chain ◽  
The City

Charles Garnier's Paris Opéra (1861-75) and Baron Haussmann's contemporary replanning of Paris (1853-70) supposedly represent the Second Empire of Napoléon III. But this case study of the Opéra within the context of its quarter of Paris contradicts the usual assumptions that the monument and the city were either the inevitable products or the characteristic political expressions of the state. First, a chain of events dating back to the seventeenth century is reconstructed in order to demonstrate that the decision reached in 1860 to site the Opéra on the Grands Boulevards at the end of a projected new avenue was less the consequence of an imperial plan than the pragmatic result of the often contingent urban history of Paris. Second, the parallel and equally pragmatic evolution of the characteristic Parisian façade of a giant order on an arcuated base is traced from the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries in order to explain why Garnier's Opéra and Haussmann's surrounding buildings came to have the same form of elevation. Interpreted in light of both the Opéra's own ambiguous status as a state institution and the ambiguous nature of nineteenth-century bourgeois civil society, this evidence suggests that neither urban nor architectural forms are fixed in their meaning, but tend rather to adjust their meaning to the changing circumstances of their use. This article concludes that a city and its monuments find their meaning in the continuous process by which a city's inhabitants shape and experience their surroundings, rather than in the episodic political programs of the state.

Ballroom Frenzy and the Clodoche Quadrille

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-213
Author(s):  
Laurence Senelick
Keyword(s):  
Safety Valve ◽  
Western Hemisphere ◽  
Professor Emeritus ◽  
Second Empire ◽  
Ballroom Dancing ◽  
Arts And Sciences ◽  
Paris Opera ◽  
British Music ◽  
French Culture ◽  
International Encyclopedia

For all the lip-service French culture pays to reason and logic, it undergoes periodic eruptions of déraison or unreason. In the wake of Napoleon’s defeat, ballroom dancing began to be infiltrated by such unbridled popular dances as the cancan and the chahut. Exuberant, even bacchanalian physical display served as a safety-valve in a heavily censored society. In the Second Empire, four working-class amateurs introduced the high-kicking, parodic Clodoche quadrille at the Paris Opéra. A non-verbal equivalent of the Marx Brothers, they became bywords through the Western hemisphere of zany, comic demonstrations of the hysteric convulsions described by the medical establishment. Laurence Senelick is Fletcher Professor Emeritus of Drama and Oratory at Tufts University, a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and a contributor to the International Encyclopedia of Dance. His many books include British Music Hall: A Bibliography (1981), The Age and Stage of George L. Fox (1999), and Cabaret Performance 1890–1940 (2001–2005).

scholarly journals French historiography of the Crimean war (1853-1856): main trends and tendencies

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 240-253
Author(s):  
Elena V. Linkova ◽  
Marc De Bollivier
Keyword(s):  
French History ◽  
Second Empire ◽  
Historical Anthropology ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Military Campaign ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Military

This article is devoted to the study of the French historiographical tradition of studying the Crimean war. Due to the fact that the French historiography of the Crimean campaign has diff erences from the Russian or Anglo-Saxon, it is interesting to turn to the study of the features that are characteristic for the works of French historians. One of the key theses of this article is the statement of the following situation in French historical science: since the second half of the 19th century the Crimean war was studied in the framework of studies on the history of the Second Empire. In the late twentieth century the scientifi c tradition has undergone certain changes, as a result of which the events of 1853-1856 became the subject of separate studies on the military history of France and historical anthropology. This feature infl uenced the perception of the war in French public opinion and the scientifi c community and led to the diff erentiation of certain problems and subjects directly related to the history of the Crimean war. The study of French historiography allows us to determine the themes that prevailed in the scientifi c thought of France during the second half of the 19th - 20th centuries, as well as those trends that are currently key in discussing the prerequisites, the nature, the results of the military campaign of 1853-1856. The authors conclude that the scientifi c and possibly public interest in the Crimean war in France is much lower than in Russia. The events of 1853-1856, largely overshadowed by the discussions and memory of the First World war, gradually turn into a little-known period of French history. However, the jubilee years associated with the Crimean war and the siege of Sevastopol are an important point that allows us to revisit the study of both the military campaign and diplomacy, and in general the history of Russian-French relations.

scholarly journals ‘I am here and I am here to stay’: the death and burial of soldiers with cholera during the Crimean War (1854–56)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-71
Author(s):  
Benoît Pouget
Keyword(s):  
Second Empire ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
Cholera Epidemic ◽  
Military Campaigns ◽  
Dead Bodies ◽  
Sanitary Conditions ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
The Way ◽  
Printed Sources

Based on a study of intersecting French archives (those of the Val de Grâce Hospital, the Service Historique de la Défense and the Archives Diplomatiques), and with the support of numerous printed sources, this article focuses on the handling of the bodies of French soldiers who died of cholera during the Crimean War (1854–56). As a continuation of studies done by historians Luc Capdevila and Danièle Voldman, the aim here is to consider how the diseased corpses of these soldiers reveal both the causes and circumstances of their deaths. Beyond the epidemiological context, these dead bodies shed light on the sanitary conditions and suffering resulting from years of military campaigns. To conclude, the article analyses the material traces left by these dead and the way that the Second Empire used them politically, giving the remains of leaders who died on the front lines of the cholera epidemic a triumphant return to the country and a state funeral.

Eels Under Standing Wave Conditions

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 492-495
Author(s):  
O.L. Krivanek ◽  
J. TaftØ
Keyword(s):  
Standing Wave ◽  
Wave Conditions ◽  
Set Up ◽  
A Site ◽  
Complex Crystal

It is well known that a standing electron wavefield can be set up in a crystal such that its intensity peaks at the atomic sites or between the sites or in the case of more complex crystal, at one or another type of a site. The effect is usually referred to as channelling but this term is not entirely appropriate; by analogy with the more established particle channelling, electrons would have to be described as channelling either through the channels or through the channel walls, depending on the diffraction conditions.

Head Size and DNA Content in Bacteriophage T4

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 200-201
Author(s):  
Fred Eiserling ◽  
A. H. Doermann ◽  
Linde Boehner
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Bacteriophage T4 ◽  
Head Size ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Altered Protein ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Bacterial Viruses ◽  
A Site ◽  
Protein Shell

The control of form or shape inheritance can be approached by studying the morphogenesis of bacterial viruses. Shape variants of bacteriophage T4 with altered protein shell (capsid) size and nucleic acid (DNA) content have been found by electron microscopy, and a mutant (E920g in gene 66) controlling head size has been described. This mutant produces short-headed particles which contain 2/3 the normal DNA content and which are non-viable when only one particle infects a cell (Fig. 1).We report here the isolation of a new mutant (191c) which also appears to be in gene 66 but at a site distinct from E920g. The most striking phenotype of the mutant is the production of about 10% of the phage yield as “giant” virus particles, from 3 to 8 times longer than normal phage (Fig. 2).

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