scholarly journals Development Cooperation as a Foundation of Japan's Foreign Policy

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Tsukasa Takamine
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Official Development Assistance ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Japanese Foreign Policy ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
Economic Nature

This paper addresses the question of what do Japanese foreign policymakers exactly mean when they repeatedly state that development cooperation has been, and still is, a foundation of postwar Japanese foreign policy, through a case study of Japan's official development assistance (ODA) towards China. More particularly, it investigates the complex policy objectives of Japanese ODA and the broader interests behind it, in order to clarify roles and significance of development assistance within Japan's overall foreign policy. My research demonstrates that despite its inherently economic nature, Japan's ODA provision to recipient countries has in application been more politico-strategic than commercial. Thus, it supports the point that development cooperation has undoubtedly been a foundation of postwar Japanese foreign policy.

Effectiveness of Official Development Assistance in the Health Sector in Africa: A Case Study of Uganda

2020 ◽  
pp. 0272684X2091804
Author(s):  
Cyriaque Rene Sobtafo Nguefack
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Official Development Assistance ◽  
Mortality Ratio

This qualitative explanatory case study assessed the influence of Official Development Assistance on selected health development indicators in Uganda between 2005 and 2013 by reviewing development partners’ perceptions. Key health indicators included the following: (a) under 5-year-old mortality rates, (b) infant mortality rates, and (c) maternal mortality ratio. Results indicated slow progress in reducing infant mortality and under-5 mortality rates and almost no progress in the maternal mortality ratio despite the disbursement of a yearly average of nearly $400 million USD in the last 7 years to the health sector in Uganda. Five bottlenecks in the influence of development assistance on health indicators were identified: (a) poor governance and accountability framework in the country, (b) ineffective supply chain of health commodities, (c) negative cultural beliefs, (d) insufficient government funding to health care, and (e) insufficient alignment of development assistance to the National Development Plan and noncompliance with the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness.

Human Rights Conditionality and Aid Allocation: Case Study of Japanese Foreign Aid Policy

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumitaka Furuoka
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Development Assistance ◽  
Official Development Assistance ◽  
Economic Assistance ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Aid Policy

AbstractThis paper examines a new trend in Japan's Official Development Assistance (ODA) policy that emerged at the end of the Cold War. In 1992, the Japanese government adopted the "Official Development Assistance Charter," which obliged Japan to use its foreign aid to promote human rights, democracy, and freedom. Since the beginning of the 1990s, there have been cases when Japan imposed "human rights conditionalities" by increasing the amount of foreign aid to the recipient countries with good human rights records and reducing economic assistance to the countries with poor human rights practices. However, there remain doubts whether Japan is truly committed to use its aid power as leverage to ensure that democracy and human rights are respected by the governments of its aid recipients. This paper uses panel data analysis to examine whether the condition of human rights in aid-recipient countries has become one of the factors that influence Japan's ODA allocation. The findings reveal the lack of evidence to prove that the human rights condition in aid-recipient countries has influenced the allocation of Japanese aid.

Aborting Global Women's Rights: The Boundaries of Women's Representation in American Foreign Policy

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Sara Angevine
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Women's Rights ◽  
American Foreign Policy ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Women's Bodies ◽  
Case Study Analysis ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
Abortion Politics

Abstract American foreign policy has expanded in recent years to address issues that affect women and girls worldwide, global women's rights, yet there has been minimal investigation into how these representative claims for women worldwide are formed and the substantive U.S. commitment. Is this a reflection of a growing American feminist foreign policy or symbolic rhetoric for domestic audiences? To better understand the representation of global women's rights in American foreign policy, I analyze the political context behind three widely supported American foreign policy bills focusing on women that were introduced during the 111th Congress (2009–10). Each of these bills failed to become statute. Drawing from qualitative comparative case study analysis, I show how antiabortion politics constrain the legislative success of any American foreign policy legislation that focuses on women, regardless of relevance. This suggests that foreign women's bodies are a terrain for U.S. legislators to advance abortion policy objectives with minimal electoral constraint. Although advancing women's rights furthers broader U.S. foreign policy objectives, such as preventing terrorism and growing market economies, domestic abortion politics shape the boundaries of how global women's rights are represented in American foreign policy.

scholarly journals Indigenous Peoples as Non-State Diplomatic Actors in the Public/Cultural Diplomacy of Taiwan: a Case Study of Dispossessions: Performative Encounter(s) of Taiwanese Indigenous Contemporary Art

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-92
Author(s):  
Carla Figueira
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Contemporary Art ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Cultural Diplomacy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
State Actors

State-centred diplomacy is primed by foreign policy objectives. Yet when traditional diplomacy suffers from weaknesses—as in the case of Taiwan—their institutions are advised to revise approaches and to consider engaging non-state actors in their strategies. This article critically explores how Indigenous peoples can be considered non-state diplomatic actors in Taiwan’s public/cultural diplomacy. Considering various definitions of diplomacy and different understandings of the role of non-state actors, the article examines the legitimacy of Taiwanese Indigenous peoples to represent Taiwan internationally and their capacity to shape the perceptions of foreign publics about the country. Further, a contextualised analysis of Dispossessions: Performative Encounter(s) of Taiwanese Indigenous Contemporary Art—an exhibition and series of events that took place in May 2018 at Goldsmiths, University of London—is used to demonstrate how the engagement between Taiwanese Indigenous peoples and foreign publics can happen in practice by examining the event through a public/cultural diplomacy lens.

Foreign Policy Elites, Ideology and Decision-Making: A Case Study of the Finnish Elites' Image of the Third World and Their Participation in Decision-Making

1976 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aira Kalela
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Third World ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Third World ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Policy Elites

The structure and content of the Finnish foreign policy elite's ideology concerning the issue area of relations with the Third World and development cooperation is discussed. The purpose of the analysis is to increase the understanding of the nature of foreign policy formation. Both potential and actual elites are studied. First the criteria by which the potential elite can be defined arc discussed and then, in order to discover the actual elite, various means of influence are analysed. The various elements of the ideology of the elite are studied in detail. The relationship between the content of the ideology and the functional and structural position of the elite as well as its general societal ideology is also analysed in order to discover the factors which influence the content of the ideology.

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