Technical Framework of Qatar’s Foreign Aid Policy: Guiding Documents and Operative Institutions (Rangka Kerja Teknikal Dasar Bantuan Asing Qatar: Dokumen Panduan dan Institusi Pelaksana)

This paper presents essential aspects of the State of Qatar foreign aid policy (QFAP), which is closely tied to the wider country’s foreign policy. The study traces and explains vital foundations of the country’s foreign aid policy framework and its decision-making process, mainly the guiding documents and operative institutions. Evidently, the content and structure of these two technical elements reflect the political and socio-cultural background as well as the regional and global surrounding of the state of Qatar. Although it is an emerging donor, Qatar’s aid documents and institutions are showing radical development and prestigious institutionalizing. The technical guidance and the inclusiveness of QFAP documents and widespread operations of its institutions show that Qatar has further benefited from its partnerships and global engagements to advance its aid policy making. This research used face-to-face interviews with key Qatari officials and scrutinized the state official documents and quoted speeches and statements, in addition to other relevant academic materials. Keywords: Foreign Aid Policy, Qatar, Documents, Institutions, Policy-Making. Abstrak Artikel ini membentangkan aspek dasar bantuan luar negeri Qatar (QFAP), yang berkait rapat dengan rangka kerja umum dasar luar negeri yang lebih luas. Kajian ini mengesan dan menerangkan 2 asas penting rangka kerja dasar bantuan asing negara dan proses membuat keputusannya; iaitu dokumen panduan dan institusi pelaksana. Melalui kajian ini, jelas menunjukkan bahawa kandungan dan struktur kedua-dua elemen teknikal ini mencerminkan latar belakang politik dan sosio-budaya serta persekitaran serantau dan global negara Qatar. Walaupun Qatar merupakan penderma yang baru menonjolkan diri dalam landskap bantuan global, namun dokumen dan institusi bantuan Qatar menunjukkan ia sebagai perkembangan positif dan institusi yang berprestij. Panduan teknikal dan keterangkuman dokumen QFAP dan operasi meluas institusinya menunjukkan bahawa Qatar telah terus mendapat manfaat daripada perkongsian dan penglibatan globalnya untuk memajukan pembentukan dasar bantuannya. Kajian ini dijalankan berdasarkan temu bual langsung dengan para pegawai Qatar dan pakar yang berkaitan, di samping menganalisis dokumen dan laporan rasmi negara, memetik ucapan dan kenyataan rasmi, serta mengambil kira sumber akademik dan saintifik lain yang berkaitan. Kata Kunci: Dasar Bantuan Asing, Qatar, Dokumen, Institusi, Proses Pembentukan Dasar.

The Rise of China, Inc.

Leveraging its absolute power, low human rights advantage, and tolerance by other countries, the Chinese Communist Party has transformed China into a giant corporation. Living and working is not a right, but a privilege granted by the party. State-owned firms are business units or subsidiaries, private firms are joint ventures, and foreign firms are franchisees of the party. 'China, Inc.' enjoys the agility of a firm and the vast resources of a state. Meanwhile, foreign firms competing with Chinese firms can find themselves matched against the mighty Chinese state. The Rise of China, Inc. will interest many readers: it will compel business scholars to rethink state-firm relationships; assist multinational business practitioners in formulating effective strategies; aid policy-makers in countering China's expansion; and inform the public of the massive corporate organisation China has become, and how democracies can effectively deal with it.

The Social Construction of Global Health Priorities: An Empirical Analysis of Contagion in Bilateral Health Aid

Donors of development assistance for health typically provide funding for a range of disease focus areas, such as maternal health and child health, malaria, HIV/AIDS, and other infectious diseases. But funding for each disease category does not match closely its contribution to the disability and loss of life it causes and the cost-effectiveness of interventions. We argue that peer influences in the social construction of global health priorities contribute to explaining this misalignment. Aid policy-makers are embedded in a social environment encompassing other donors, health experts, advocacy groups, and international officials. This social environment influences the conceptual and normative frameworks of decision-makers, which in turn affect their funding priorities. Aid policy-makers are especially likely to emulate decisions on funding priorities taken by peers with whom they are most closely involved in the context of expert and advocacy networks. We draw on novel data on donor connectivity through health IGOs and health INGOs and assess the argument by applying spatial regression models to health aid disbursed globally between 1990 and 2017. The analysis provides strong empirical support for our argument that the involvement in overlapping expert and advocacy networks shapes funding priorities regarding disease categories and recipient countries in health aid.

Research and Innovation Supporting the European Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy: A Technology Perspective from Recent European Union Projects

Many concepts and innovations aim to improve transport and mobility, while helping to decrease the externalities that transport imposes on society. Research and innovation monitoring tools are important to assess the current state of development so that research funding and policy making efforts can be aligned optimally. This paper presents a comprehensive approach which links technological developments in the transport sector in Europe to the objectives of the most recent policy developments, in particular, the 2020 European Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy. It does so by identifying and evaluating technologies from European Union-funded projects between 2007 and 2020, by means of a technology taxonomy. Information is provided at an aggregated level on funding characteristics of both projects and the technologies, while at the same time, the level of maturity of researched technologies in the most recent projects is identified. This study can aid policy makers to support the future development of transport technologies as part of pertinent policy strategies and identify research gaps.

Analisis Penerapan Pertolongan Pertama Pada Kecelakaan (P3K) di PT. X

Pertolongan pertama pada kecelakaan (P3K) adalah upaya memberikan pertolongan pertama secara cepat dan tepat kepada pekerja yang mengalami sakit atau cidera ditempat kerja. Pada PT. X sudah terdapat P3K, namun kebijakan P3K belum diterapkan dengan baik, petugas P3K tidak melakukan pencatatan dan pelaporan kegiatan, belum memiliki sertifikat dan lisensi, serta ruang P3K tidak tersedia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan P3K, kebijakan P3K, tindakan P3K, petugas P3K, dan fasilitas P3K di PT. X. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah kualitatif analitik, dengan informan sebanyak 5 orang yaitu ahli K3, petugas P3K, manager, dan dua orang karyawan. Alat pengumpulan data menggunakan pedoman wawancara dan lembar observasi. Pengolahan data menggunakan triangulasi sumber, triangulasi metode, dan triangulasi data. Pada analisis data berupa reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah kebijakan P3K di PT. X belum diterapkan oleh semua karyawan karena kebijakan tidak disosialisasikan dan ditempel dengan benar sehingga kebijakan P3K tersebut tidak diketahui oleh karyawan. Petugas P3K sudah mengikuti pelatihan, namun belum memiliki sertifikat dan lisensi serta belum melakukan tugasnya, terlihat dari lembar checklist daftar isi tidak sesuai dengan isi kotak P3K dan tidak melakukan pencatatan dan pelaporan kegiatan. PT. X sudah menyediakan fasilitas P3K seperti kotak P3K, alat evakuasi, transportasi, dan APD khusus, namun fasilitas ruang P3K tidak tersedia. First Aid (FA) for Accident is an effort to provide first aid quickly and precisely to workers who experience illness or injury at work. The PT. X already has FA for Accidents, but the FA policy has not been implemented properly, it can be seen that FAofficers do not record and report activities, do not have certificates and licenses and there is no first aid room available. This study aims to determine first aid policies, first aid measures, first aid officers, and first aid facilities at PT. X. The design of this study used a qualitative analytic approach, with 5 informants, HSE, first aid officers, manager and two employees. Data collection tools used interview guidelines and observation sheets. Data processing used source triangulation, method triangulation, and data triangulation. In data analysis in the form of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions / verification. The result of this research are the first aid policy at PT. X has not been implemented by all employees because the policy was not socialized and posted properly so that the first aid policy was not known by employees. First aid officers have attended training, but do not have certificates and licenses and have not yet performed their duties, it can be seen from the checklist sheet do not match with the contents of the first aid kit and do not record and report activities. PT. X has provided first aid facilities such as first aid kits, evacuation kits, transportation, and specialy PPE, but first aid room facilities are not available.

The impact of changes to the New Zealand aid policy on non-governmental organisations

<p>The election of the National Party Government in 2008 led to a significant reshaping of the New Zealand aid programme. The changes became the subject of strong criticism from the New Zealand aid community in terms of the main policy underpinnings, funding schemes for (Non-Governmental Organisation) NGOs and the altered relationships between the government and development NGOs. While the literature reveals some critical observations about such changes, not much is known about the impacts of New Zealand’s Official Development Assistance (NZODA) policy on New Zealand development NGOs. This research aims to better understand the impacts of the changes to NZODA policy on the NGO sector to improve knowledge about the subject that could be applied in order to strengthen the long-term partnership and increase the effectiveness of NZODA. To achieve this goal twenty one New Zealand NGOs were interviewed regarding their views on the policy, impacts on NGO operations and policies, effects on in-country partners and relationships with the government. The criticisms of the aid community were also analysed and compared with the research findings. The research findings showed that the expressed views of NGOs indicted a wide variety of opinions on the policy changes and there was a diverse range of negative, neutral and sometimes positive views on the effects on NGOs. While the National Government’s policy agenda has dramatically affected development work of NGOs and their relationships with the government, NGO policies were less affected in some aspects. It is concluded that, whilst the relationship between the official government aid programme and the NGOs has been altered and adversely affected, there is still the basis for an effective partnership that can be reshaped and strengthened in future.</p>

The impact of changes to the New Zealand aid policy on non-governmental organisations

<p>The election of the National Party Government in 2008 led to a significant reshaping of the New Zealand aid programme. The changes became the subject of strong criticism from the New Zealand aid community in terms of the main policy underpinnings, funding schemes for (Non-Governmental Organisation) NGOs and the altered relationships between the government and development NGOs. While the literature reveals some critical observations about such changes, not much is known about the impacts of New Zealand’s Official Development Assistance (NZODA) policy on New Zealand development NGOs. This research aims to better understand the impacts of the changes to NZODA policy on the NGO sector to improve knowledge about the subject that could be applied in order to strengthen the long-term partnership and increase the effectiveness of NZODA. To achieve this goal twenty one New Zealand NGOs were interviewed regarding their views on the policy, impacts on NGO operations and policies, effects on in-country partners and relationships with the government. The criticisms of the aid community were also analysed and compared with the research findings. The research findings showed that the expressed views of NGOs indicted a wide variety of opinions on the policy changes and there was a diverse range of negative, neutral and sometimes positive views on the effects on NGOs. While the National Government’s policy agenda has dramatically affected development work of NGOs and their relationships with the government, NGO policies were less affected in some aspects. It is concluded that, whilst the relationship between the official government aid programme and the NGOs has been altered and adversely affected, there is still the basis for an effective partnership that can be reshaped and strengthened in future.</p>