Despite Pledge to Phase out Fossil Fuels, the United States Still Spends $27 Billion a Year on Subsidizing Dirty Fuels

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
The United States ◽  
Phase Out

France’s energy policy to weaken its climate ambitions

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
The United States ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Green Finance ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Climate Transition ◽  
Phase Out

Significance Several French industries have proclaimed low-carbon ambitions but outcomes have been modest: ‘green’ finance is still embryonic and there has been little progress on key decisions such as halting subsidies to fossil fuels. Moreover, France’s energy and climate transition is set to slow, undermining its efforts on the global scene. Impacts Pressure on countries such as Germany to phase out coal will rise. Private-sector and sub-national climate engagement in the United States may increase. The issue of the extent to which developed and developing countries should be treated differently may cause conflict in the run-up to COP24.

Metam Sodium Combined with Chloropicrin as an Alternative to Methyl Bromide Fumigation for Tomato

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 525b-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.J. Locascio ◽  
D.W. Dickson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Methyl Bromide ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Good Control ◽  
The United States ◽  
Metam Sodium ◽  
Additional Water ◽  
Phase Out

In past work, dichloropropene + 17% Pic (1,3-D + Pic) at 327 L·ha–1 plus pebulate provided good control of nematode, soil fungi, and nutsedge in mulched tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and is considered the best alternative for methyl bromide (MBr) + chloropicrin (Pic), which is scheduled for phase-out in the United States by Jan. 2001. Metam-sodium did not provide acceptable pest control. In the present study, metam-Na (295 L·ha–1 combined with Pic (168 kg·ha–1) + 4.5 kg·ha–1 pebulate, and 1,3-D + 35% Pic at 168 and 225 L·ha–1 + pebulate were compared to MBr-Pic (98-2% at 345 kg·ha–1 and 67-33% at 505 kg·ha–1). Fumigants were injected into the bed except metam-Na and pebulate were surface-applied and incorporated and drip tubing and mulch were applied. Marketable yields with MBr-Pic, 225 L·ha–1 1,3-D + Pic, and metam-Na + Pic were higher than with the check. Yields with metam-Na alone or with additional water before transplanting were similar to the check. Nutsedge was controlled with MBr-Pic and all treatments with pebulate. Nematode root-gall ratings were high on tomato grown without fumigants (8.9 rating on a scale of 0 to 10 with 0 = no galling), low with MBr-Pic (0.33), and intermediate with all other treatments (2.2 to 5.5) except with 168 L·ha–1 1-3-D + Pic (8.3). This study indicates that metam-Na + Pic + pebulate also is a possible alternative to MBr-Pic for tomato.

Why Carbon Pricing Is Appealing

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Barry G. Rabe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Carbon Price ◽  
The United States ◽  
Carbon Taxes ◽  
Excise Taxes ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
Direct Tax

The use of taxes to elevate the price of popular commodities in order to reduce consumption and risks related to use did not originate with carbon taxes. Excise taxes on tobacco have been used aggressively by governments in the United States and beyond in recent decades to achieve significant reductions in smoking. Fossil fuel use has long been deemed by diverse economists as a viable target for a sequel, leading to innumerable reports and scholarly arguments making the case for a carbon price. This can take the form of either a direct tax on the carbon content of fossil fuels or a cap-and-trade system that allows for purchase of rights to release emissions at a price. Both are thought to offer effective paths to reduce emissions in a cost-effective manner.

Locked into Emissions: How Mass Incarceration Contributes to Climate Change

2020 ◽  
pp. 232949652097400
Author(s):  
Julius Alexander McGee ◽  
Patrick Trent Greiner ◽  
Carl Appleton
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Fixed Effects Panel Regression ◽  
Tightly Coupled

The phenomenon of mass incarceration has dramatically altered the economic and infrastructural landscape of the United States. These changes have numerous implications regarding the use of fossil fuels, which are the single largest contributor to climate change. The present study argues that mass incarceration creates three social patterns that result in significant increases in industrial emissions. (1) Mass incarceration incentivizes further industrial development through the construction of new prisons and the continued maintenance of existing prisons to house prisoners. (2) The needs of the millions of individuals currently incarcerated in the United States incentivize industrial expansion through the production of goods and materials used inside prisons. (3) Incarcerated individuals are being used to reduce the cost of labor, which expands economic growth. We construct several fixed-effects panel regression models with robust standard errors predicting industrial emissions for U.S. states from 1997 to 2016 to assess how increases in the number of individuals in U.S. state, federal, and private prisons is correlated with industrial emissions over time. We find that increases in incarceration within states are associated with increases in industrial emissions, and that increases in incarceration lead to a more tightly coupled association between gross domestic product per capita and industrial emissions.

scholarly journals Economic Competitiveness of Bioenergy Production and Effects on Agriculture of the Southern Region

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 389-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burton C. English ◽  
Daniel G. De La Torre Ugarte ◽  
Marie E. Walsh ◽  
Chad Hellwinkel ◽  
Jamey Menard
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Economic Competitiveness ◽  
Over Time

The economic competitiveness of biobased industries is discussed by comparing the South relative to other regions of the United States and biomass as a feedstock source relative to fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum. An estimate of the biomass resource base is provided. Estimated changes in the agricultural sector over time resulting from the development of a large-scale biobased industry are reported, and a study on the potential to produce electricity from biomass compared with coal in the southern United States is reviewed. A biobased industry can increase net farm income and enhance economic development and job creation.

Congress will cover for Trump on DACA termination

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Tax Reform ◽  
The United States ◽  
Undocumented Migrants ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Large Corporations ◽  
Legal Immigration ◽  
Phase Out

Significance Trump announced on September 5 that his administration would phase out over the next six months the DACA programme, which protects undocumented migrants brought to the United States as children (known colloquially as ‘Dreamers’) from deportation and allows them to apply for renewable residency permits. While praised by immigration hardliners within the Republican caucus, many of the president’s party criticised the decision to add to the packed legislative calendar through the end of the year and heighten uncertainty for the estimated 790,000 DACA enrolees. Impacts Opposition from the agricultural lobby and large corporations will stifle Senator Tom Cotton’s plan to halve legal immigration. Trump’s deal with the Democrats on spending and borrowing through December will increase the minority’s leverage in DACA talks. Tackling DACA’s replacement and averting a December shutdown will sap congressional efforts to pass tax reform. Lawsuits from pro-DACA states and municipalities may slow DACA’s termination, but are unlikely to preserve it outright.

Prospects for fossil fuels to end-2019

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Risk Premiums ◽  
Production Growth ◽  
Oil Demand ◽  
Demand Forecasts

Subject Prospects for fossil fuels to end-2019. Significance Slowing global trade suggests oil demand forecasts will be downgraded, while non-OPEC production growth, led by the United States, will keep the market well supplied, despite disruptions and restrictions on major OPEC producers. However, weak pricing will be offset by risk premiums associated with conflict in Libya and the threat of US-Iranian conflagration affecting oil from the Gulf.

A Fuels Cost Comparison of Gasoline and Electric Powered Vehicles

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Ford ◽  
Paul Yanik
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cost Comparison ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Personal Transportation ◽  
Fuel Costs

Per British thermal unit (BTU), in the United States, gasoline currently costs about 7.6 times as much as coal. Due to the prevalence of coal fired electricity generating stations in the country, electrically powered vehicles may provide a fuel cost savings over similar gasoline powered vehicles. Fuel costs for electric vehicles have been reported to cost about $0.045 per mile to operate. Higher efficiency, gasoline operated automobiles such as the Toyota Corolla have reported fuel costs of about $0.093 per mile. This paper provides a first glance examination of electrically powered and gasoline powered vehicles in the United States. While gasoline costs continue to rise, a cheap, environmentally safe transportation alternative is needed to maintain the flexible lifestyle currently enjoyed by Americans. The cycle energy efficiency of coal produced electricity for personal transportation is much lower than the energy efficiency of gasoline, but the large cost differences between these two forms of fossil fuels may provide a temporary fix to a looming transportation crisis in the United States. The long-term environmental effects of an electrically powered, private transportation fleet could prove catastrophic due to increased use of coal and accompanying combustion product air pollution, but clean, renewable, electricity producing technologies may support more prolific long-term use of electrically powered transportation modes.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Fossil-Fuel Dependence in the United States with Implications for Community Social Work

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Polack ◽  
Shelly Wood ◽  
Kimyatta N. Smith
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Community Organizing ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
The United States ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Energy Sustainability ◽  
Local Economies ◽  
Economic Problems

This article examines fossil-fuel dependence in the United States with emphasis on the areas of transportation and food. It is argued that fossil-fuel dependence will cause significant social and economic problems in the future and that ongoing usage is a major contributor to mounting environmental degradation. Ultimately, the authors argue that our fossil-fuel based economy is unsustainable and that efforts should be taken to reduce usage and dependence. A growing community movement aimed at revitalizing local economies and reducing fossil-fuel usage has recently emerged. Social work can bring critically important values and knowledge to these and similar efforts, especially in regard to community organizing and the participation of marginalized populations. Key Words: Fossil Fuels, Energy, Sustainability, Local Economy, Community Organizing, Social Work

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