Changes in the Military Administration of Upper Egypt and Its Relationship with al-Fusṭāṭ

2018 ◽  
pp. 87-123
Keyword(s):  
Upper Egypt ◽  
Military Administration ◽  
The Military

scholarly journals War and peace in liberated North Korea: Soviet military administration and the creation of North Korean police force in 1945

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Vasilii Lebedev
Keyword(s):  
North Korea ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
Korean Society ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
The North ◽  
Military Administration ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Military

Abstract The North Korean police were arguably one of the most important organisations in liberated North Korea. It was instrumental in stabilising the North Korean society and eventually became one of the backbones for both the new North Korean regime and its military force. Scholars of different political orientation have attempted to reconstruct its early history leading to a set of views ranging from the “traditionalist” sovietisation concept to the more contemporary “revisionist” reconstruction that portrayed it as the cooperation of North Korean elites with the Soviet authorities in their bid for the control over the politics and the military, in which the Soviets merely played the supporting role. Drawing from the Soviet archival documents, this paper presents a third perspective, arguing that initially, the Soviet military administration in North Korea did not pursue any clear-cut political goals. On the contrary, the Soviet administration initially viewed North Koreans with distrust, making Soviets constantly conduct direct interventions to prevent North Korean radicals from using the police in their political struggle.

Sondergerichte in den besetzten polnischen Gebieten im Jahr 1939. Eine rechtsgeschichtliche Analyse

2021 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 323-345
Author(s):  
Konrad Graczyk
Keyword(s):  
Legal History ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Military Administration ◽  
The Third Reich ◽  
The Military

Abstract Special Courts in the Occupied Polish Territories in 1939. A Legal History Analysis. The study is devoted to the first period of activity of German special courts established in Poland in 1939. The basic scope presents the special courts of the Third Reich established on the basis of the regulation of 1933. They were a model for courts established in occupied Poland. Their creation is analyzed on the example of the Special Court in Katowitz (Sondergericht Kattowitz). Then, the activities of special courts in occupied Poland in 1939 are discussed with particular emphasis on case and penalty statistics. Attention is paid to some characteristic phenomena, such as problems with jurisdiction, differences resulting from the establishment of special courts as part of the military administration, and judgment of acts committed before the war and under Polish jurisdiction. The identified cases of violations of law in the activities of special courts in 1939 are also discussed.

scholarly journals Training of commanding (technical) staff for the Red Army’s railway troops at the military railway technicians’ schools in the first half of the 1920s

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Denis S. Lapay
Keyword(s):  
Staff Training ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Training System ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Military Reform ◽  
Technical Staff ◽  
Military Administration ◽  
Red Army ◽  
The Military

The article deals with the training of commanding (technical) staff at schools of military railway technicians’ during the period of military staff training system foundation for the Red Army railway troops in the first half of the 1920s. Topicality of the study is caused by insufficient research of training problems of Red Army railway painter technicians throughout the days of the Civil War ending, the military reform of the 1920s, reorganisation of system of military professional education and stabilisation of a staff contingent. The article reveals the primary activities of the military administration, managing and teaching staff of military railway technicians’ schools in the interests of training technical specialists for the Red Army railway troops. An analysis is made of the disbandment background of mentioned military educational institutions, as well as of the countermeasures taken to preserve them. The finding is about the unreasonableness of the total abolition of military-railway technicians’ schools with the transfer of training junior technical personnel functions directly to the units of railway troops in the format of regimental schools. A brief generalised comparison is made of the Red Army technicians’ historical experience versus the modern training system of junior specialists and technicians of railway troops.

Luca Martini (1547–61): A case study in the military administration and commercial exploitation of the northern Tyrrhenian in the Renaissance

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 688-706
Author(s):  
Oscar Schiavone
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Exploitation ◽  
Coastal Defence ◽  
Defence System ◽  
Military Administration ◽  
The Military

From 1547 to his death in 1561, Luca Martini (1507–1561), a Florentine polymath and bureaucrat, was appointed superintendent of the Ufficio dei fossi in Pisa. Duke Cosimo I de’ Medici tasked him with the reorganisation of coastal Tuscany, which entailed reclaiming the Pisan plain, restoring and embellishing major and minor urban centres and reviving trade in the area. In his capacity as superintendent, however, he was also in charge of supervising Pisa’s shipyard, building a new military and commercial fleet and renovating the coastal defence system. This article will show how Martini’s unique concentration of power was instrumental in reorienting the Medici perception of the Tyrrhenian as a ‘last frontier’ to be exploited and defended.

Municipal Elections in Occupied Judea and Samaria

1974 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-116
Author(s):  
Moshe Drori
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Military Government ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Municipal Elections ◽  
Substantial Role ◽  
Military Administration ◽  
Essential Services ◽  
Political Objective ◽  
The Military

One of the principal functions of military government in an occupied area is to return civil life to its normal course. Such a goal is not only a political objective whose advantages are obvious; it is also based upon the principles of International Law and the Law of Warfare. The military administration bears responsibility for restoring public order and safety and maintaining essential services, so that it may fulfil the civil functions of government for the welfare of the population in the occupied area.In the intricate framework required to supply services to the population of the occupied area by the military administration, the local municipal authorities play a substantial role. These authorities regard themselves as being closer to the residents of the occupied areas, and thus they see it as a moral duty to take care of their population and provide it with daily services.During periods of crises and war the population tends to a greater extent to shut itself within its immediate surroundings and to request aid and encouragement from familiar local bodies; thus it becomes more and more dependent on the local authorities.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENTS OF ADMINISTRATIVE SOLUTIONS OF OFFICIALS (LEADERS, COMMANDERS, CHIEVES) RELATED TO THE LEVEL OF DEFENSE OF THE STATE

2019 ◽  
pp. 829-836
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Management Activity ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
Organizational Issues ◽  
Military Administration ◽  
State Defense ◽  
The Military

This study reveals the research principles of the results of the management of the Ukrainian military administration of the strategic (operative) level in the course of organizational issues evaluation during state defense system forming as well as building and development security and defense components, particularly the Armed Forces of the Ukraine. This principles structure defines the subject, the object and the parties, the basic tasks of the military legal expertise, guidelines for legal expert (board of legal experts) in the course of evaluation of the military administration management activity in the course of reforming and development of the Armed Forces, as well as during the course of planning and conducting military operations (battle actions) of the military units (forces). Developed principles also refer to the following researches: cause and effect relationship of the breach of legislation of the Armed Forces of the Ukraine and other legal military and law enforcement units administrations officials, which led to negative consequences such as people deaths, loss of weapons and military equipment in the course of military operation. Key words: level of state defense, evaluation of managerial decisions, officials.

scholarly journals PERIODICALS IN THE SYSTEM OF NAZI PROPAGANDA IN OCCUPIED TERRITORIES OF UKRAINE IN 1941–1943s

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-124
Author(s):  
Oksana Salata
Keyword(s):  
Effective Means ◽  
Information Policy ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
Nazi Occupation ◽  
The Press ◽  
Military Administration ◽  
Occupied Territories ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Military

In this article, the role of periodicals in the propaganda activities of the occupation authorities of the Reichskommissariat Ukraine and the military administration zone has been revealed; the content and types of periodicals have been shown; the task set before them by the Nazi occupation authorities in forming appropriate ideological structures to influence the population of the occupied territories of Ukraine has been disclosed. It is shown that Hitler’s governance used the press as one of the effective means of influencing not only the opinion, but also the consciousness of the population of the temporarily occupied territories. The subject of the study is the content of periodicals and their influence on the behaviour, moral and psychological condition of the population of the Ukrainian territories occupied by the Nazi army. The main aspects of Nazi Germany’s information policy in the occupied territories have been revealed with the use of comparative-historical and problem-chronological methods, as well as content analysis, which allowed to analyse the content of periodicals and to highlight the features of their content lines. The occupation administration used various forms of propaganda: publishing newspapers and magazines in Ukrainian; demonstrating special films in cinemas; releasing visual agitation in the form of posters and leaflets, as well as documentary exhibitions; through theatre plays, radio broadcasts in Ukrainian, Russian and other languages. It resorted to the modern methods of using the press in times of the war. The population of the temporarily occupied territories of the USSR demanded news as the only opportunity to navigate in those difficult conditions. That is why Hitler’s governance used the press as one of the effective means of influence not only the opinion, but also the consciousness of the population of the temporarily occupied territories. The German occupation authorities tried to take advantage of the “information hunger” that prevailed after the retreat of Soviet troops and to fill the information vacuum with their own propaganda. In order to spread the necessary information among the population, the Nazi occupation authorities published newspapers and magazines in each region, district, city.

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