Rapid Diagnosis Of Tuberculosis And MDR TB Using The Microscopic-Observation Drug-Susceptibility (MODS) Assay In A High HIV Prevalence Setting – South Africa

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarita Shah ◽  
Palav Babaria ◽  
Prashini Moodley ◽  
Scott Heysell ◽  
Willem Sturm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Microscopic Observation ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Mdr Tb

scholarly journals Black Cumin (Nigella sativa) Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strain H37RV And MDR-TB

Elkawnie ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mashuri Masri ◽  
Cut Muthiadin ◽  
Masita Masita ◽  
Tri Cahyanto ◽  
Lianah Lianah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Microscopic Observation ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Tuberculosis Strain ◽  
Black Cumin ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Susceptibility Assay ◽  
Strain H37rv

Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 10 million people suffer from TB Every year. Although TB is a preventable and treatable disease, 1.5 million people die every year due to TB. Alternative treatments continue to be pursued, and treatment with the latest TB drugs that are continuously being encouraged. Black cumin (Nigella sativa) seed contains essential oils with active compounds such as thymohydroquinone, Oleoresins, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids that act as antibacterial drugs. This study aims to determine the sensitivity of  N. sativa seed extract in inhibiting the growth of  M. tuberculosis strain H37RV and MDR-TB (Multidrug Resistance-TB). This research using Microscopic-Observation and Drug-Susceptibility Assay (MODS) method. Extraction of N. sativa was carried out by the maceration method using 70% methanol as a solvent. The results showed that the M. tuberculosis strain H37RV and MDR-TB were sensitive to N. sativa extract at concentrations of 5 and 10% but resistant to N. sativa extract at concentrations of 1 and 3%.Abstrak: Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh Bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Penyakit ini menimbulkan dampak kematian yang cukup mengkhawatirkan.  Penyakit tersebut dapat dicegah dan diobati. Salah satu sumber pengobatannya menggunakan biji jintan hitam (Nigella sativa) yang mengandung minyak atsiri dengan senyawa aktif seperti timohidrokuinon, oleoresin, flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, tanin, dan terpenoid yang berfungsi sebagai obat antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sensitivitas ekstrak biji N. sativa dalam menghambat pertumbuhan M. tuberculosis strain H37RV and MDR-TB (Multidrug-Resistance-TB). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Microscopic-Observation and Drug-Susceptibility Assay (MODS). Ekstraksi N. sativa dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol 70%. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa bakteri M. tuberculosis strain H37RV dan TB-MDR, kedua  strain tsb sensitif terhadap ekstrak N. sativa konsentrasi 5 dan 10%,  tetapi resisten terhadap  ekstrak N. sativa konsentrasi 1 dan 3%.

scholarly journals Microscopic observation drug susceptibility assay for the diagnosis of TB and MDR-TB in HIV-infected patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 973-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Wikman-Jorgensen ◽  
Jara Llenas-García ◽  
Michael Hobbins ◽  
Jochen Ehmer ◽  
Rosa Abellana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Microscopic Observation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Bivariate Model ◽  
Sample Mean ◽  
Mdr Tb

The objective of the present study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the microscopic observation drug susceptibility (MODS) assay for tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis in HIV-infected patients.MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, African Index Medicus, ResearchGate, SciELO, and the abstracts of the main conferences on infectious diseases and tropical medicine were searched, and other sources investigated. Only studies including HIV-infected patients evaluating MODS for the diagnosis of TB and using culture-based diagnostic tests as a gold standard were analysed. Summary sensitivity and specificity were calculated with a bivariate model.3259 citations were found, 29 were selected for full-text review and 10 studies including 3075 samples were finally analysed. Overall diagnostic accuracy of MODS for the diagnosis of TB was a sensitivity of 88.3% (95% CI 86.18–90.2%) and specificity 98.2% (95% CI 97.75–98.55%). For multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB, sensitivity was 89% (95% CI 66.07–97%) and specificity was 100% (95 CI 94.81–100%). For smear-negative pulmonary TB, a sensitivity of 88.2% (95% CI 86.1–89.9%) and specificity of 98.2% (95% CI 96.8–98.9%) were found. Costs varied between USD 0.72 and 7.31 per sample. Mean time to positivity was 8.24 days.MODS was found to have a good accuracy for the diagnosis of TB and MDR-TB in HIV-infected patients with low cost and fast results.

Rapid Diagnosis of Tuberculosis and Multidrug Resistance by the Microscopic-Observation Drug-Susceptibility Assay

2011 ◽  
Vol 183 (10) ◽  
pp. 1427-1433 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Sarita Shah ◽  
Prashini Moodley ◽  
Palav Babaria ◽  
Salona Moodley ◽  
Melissa Ramtahal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Microscopic Observation ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Susceptibility Assay

scholarly journals Rifampicin mono-resistant tuberculosis is not the same as multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a descriptive study from Khayelitsha, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zubeida Salaam-Dreyer ◽  
Elizabeth M Streicher ◽  
Frederick A Sirgel ◽  
Fabrizio Menardo ◽  
Sonia Borrell Farnov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Critical Concentration ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
High Level

Rifampicin mono-resistant TB (RMR-TB) constitutes 38% of all rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB) in South Africa and is increasing. We aimed to compare RMR-TB with multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) within a high TB, RR-TB and HIV burden setting. Patient-level clinical data and stored RR-TB isolates from 2008-2017 with available whole genome sequencing (WGS) data were used to describe risk factors associated with RMR-TB and to compare rifampicin-resistance (RR) conferring mutations between RMR-TB and MDR-TB. A subset of isolates with particular RR-conferring mutations were subjected to semi-quantitative rifampicin phenotypic drug susceptibility testing. Among 2,041 routinely diagnosed RR-TB patients, 463 (22.7%) had RMR-TB. HIV-positive individuals (adjusted Odds Ratio 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.9) and diagnosis between 2013-2017 versus 2008-2012 (aOR 1.3, 1.1-1.7) were associated with RMR-TB. Among 1,119 (54.8%) patients with available WGS data showing RR-TB, significant differences in the distribution of rpoB RR-conferring mutations between RMR-TB and MDR-TB isolates were observed. Mutations associated with high-level RR were more commonly found among MDR-TB isolates (811/889, 90.2% versus 162/230, 70.4% among RMR-TB, p<0.01). In particular, the rpoB L430P mutation, conferring low-level RR, was identified in 32/230 (13.9%) RMR-TB versus 10/889 (1.1%) in MDR-TB (p<0.01). Among 10 isolates with an rpoB L430P mutation, 7 were phenotypically susceptible using the critical concentration of 0.5 ug/ml (range 0.125-1 ug/ml). The majority (215/230, 93.5%) of RMR-TB isolates showed susceptibility to all other TB drugs, highlighting the potential benefits of WGS for simplified treatment. These data suggest that the evolution of RMR-TB differs from MDR-TB with a potential contribution from HIV infection.

scholarly journals Microscopic Observation Drug Susceptibility Assay for Rapid Diagnosis of Lymph Node Tuberculosis and Detection of Drug Resistance

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela E. Kirwan ◽  
Cesar Ugarte-Gil ◽  
Robert H. Gilman ◽  
Luz Caviedes ◽  
Hasan Rizvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Observation ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Resource Poor ◽  
Lymph Node Tuberculosis ◽  
Susceptibility Assay

In this study, 132 patients with lymphadenopathy were investigated. Fifty-two (39.4%) were diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB). The microscopic observation drug susceptibility (MODS) assay provided rapid (13 days), accurate diagnosis (sensitivity, 65.4%) and reliable drug susceptibility testing (DST). Despite its lower sensitivity than that of other methods, its faster results and simultaneous DST are advantageous in resource-poor settings, supporting the incorporation of MODS into diagnostic algorithms for extrapulmonary TB.

scholarly journals Rifampicin mono-resistant tuberculosis is not the same as multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a descriptive study from Khayelitsha, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zubeida Salaam-Dreyer ◽  
Elizabeth M. Streicher ◽  
Frederick A. Sirgel ◽  
Fabrizio Menardo ◽  
Sonia Borrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Critical Concentration ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Rifampicin Resistance ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
High Level

Rifampicin mono-resistant TB (RMR-TB, rifampicin resistance and isoniazid susceptibility) constitutes 38% of all rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB) in South Africa and is increasing. We aimed to compare RMR-TB with multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) within a high TB, RR-TB and HIV burden setting. Patient-level clinical data and stored RR-TB isolates from 2008-2017 with available whole genome sequencing (WGS) data were used to describe risk factors associated with RMR-TB and to compare rifampicin-resistance (RR) conferring mutations between RMR-TB and MDR-TB. A subset of isolates with particular RR-conferring mutations were subjected to semi-quantitative rifampicin phenotypic drug susceptibility testing. Among 2,041 routinely diagnosed RR-TB patients, 463 (22.7%) had RMR-TB. HIV-positive individuals (adjusted Odds Ratio 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.9) and diagnosis between 2013-2017 versus 2008-2012 (aOR 1.3, 1.1-1.7) were associated with RMR-TB. Among 1,119 (54.8%) patients with available WGS data showing RR-TB, significant differences in the distribution of rpoB RR-conferring mutations between RMR-TB and MDR-TB isolates were observed. Mutations associated with high-level RR were more commonly found among MDR-TB isolates (811/889, 90.2% versus 162/230, 70.4% among RMR-TB, p<0.0001). In particular, the rpoB L430P mutation, conferring low-level RR, was identified in 32/230 (13.9%) RMR-TB versus 10/889 (1.1%) in MDR-TB (p<0.0001). Among 10 isolates with an rpoB L430P mutation, 7 were phenotypically susceptible using the critical concentration of 0.5 μg/ml (range 0.125-1 μg/ml). The majority (215/230, 93.5%) of RMR-TB isolates showed susceptibility to all other TB drugs, highlighting the potential benefits of WGS for simplified treatment. These data suggest that the evolution of RMR-TB differs from MDR-TB with a potential contribution from HIV infection.

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