Safe Treatment Duration with Oral Vitamin K1in Patients Poisoned with Inhaled Synthetic Cannabinoids Contaminated with Brodifacoum, a Long-Acting Anticoagulant Rodenticide

Background: The use of antipsychotic long-acting injections (LAI) aims to reduce risk of relapse and hospitalisation in patients with schizophrenia compared with oral medication. Paliperidone palmitate is currently the only LAI that can be administered at three-monthly intervals for maintenance treatment of schizophrenia. Aim: This prospective study aimed to evaluate relapse and continuation in licensed use of paliperidone palmitate three-monthly (PP3M) over a 2-year follow-up in clinical practice. Method: Non-interventional, observational study of patients treated in the South London and The Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust. Results: A total of 166 patients initiated on PP3M, 55 were excluded from the study (non-F20 diagnosis ( n = 43); F20 >65 years old ( n = 12)). Of the 111 patients included, 67 (60%) continued PP3M for 2 years. Overall 102 patients received more than one dose of PP3M and 92 (90%) remained on the same dose of PP3M for the whole of their treatment duration. Relapse (defined as a step-up in clinical care) occurred in eight patients (7%) while on PP3M. The most common reason for discontinuation was patient refusal and the most frequent medication prescribed after discontinuation was paliperidone palmitate one-monthly (PP1M). Post hoc, we analysed outcome in those continuing any form of PPLAI (those continuing with PP3M and those switching back to PP1M). Continuation over 2 years with any PPLAI formulation was 73% (81/111) and relapse was recorded in 9% (10/111). Conclusion: Overall, PP3M was an effective maintenance treatment for schizophrenia after stabilisation on PP1M in a clinical setting.

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Long-Acting Anticoagulant Rodenticide (Superwarfarin) Poisoning: A Review of Its Historical Development, Epidemiology, and Clinical Management

Transfusion Medicine Reviews ◽

10.1016/j.tmrv.2015.06.002 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 250-258 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Nathan King ◽

Minh-Ha Tran

Keyword(s):

Clinical Management ◽

Historical Development ◽

Anticoagulant Rodenticide ◽

Long Acting

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Glycemic Status in Acromegaly Patients Receiving Depot Long-Acting Octreotide

Al-Rafidain Journal of Medical Sciences ( ISSN: 2789-3219 ) ◽

10.54133/ajms.v1i.46 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 133-139

Author(s):

Omar Al-Juboori ◽

Khalid Ibrahim Al-Lehibi

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Family History ◽

Glucose Homeostasis ◽

Treatment Duration ◽

Somatostatin Analogues ◽

Family History Of Diabetes ◽

Octreotide Lar ◽

Abnormal Glucose Metabolism ◽

History Of ◽

Long Acting

Background: Acromegaly is an uncommon, chronic, debilitating condition characterized by hyperinsulinism, insulin resistance, diabetes and prediabetes. One possibility for managing acromegaly's questionable influence on glucose homeostasis is the somatostatin analogues. Aim: To analyze the frequency and risk factors for impaired glucose homeostasis in acromegaly patients treated with depot long-acting octreotide (octreotide LAR), as well as the relationship between risk and treatment duration. Methods: The study included 52 Iraqi adults with acromegaly receiving octreotide LAR. Demographic, anthropometric, and clinical data were collected, as well as the duration of Octreotide LAR administration. Growth hormone, IGF-1, and adenoma size were reported retrospectively from patient data. The glycemic state was assessed and classified as DM, prediabetes, or normal. Results: The prevalence of DM was 39% and prediabetes was 40%, with the exception of being male, which was substantially related with prediabetes. DM and octreotide LAR use had a non-significant correlation. However, octreotide use altered 13% of patients from normal glycemic to prediabetes, with no correlation to treatment duration. Other than hypertension and a family history of diabetes, no other variables were found to be significant. Conclusion: Acromegaly patients have abnormal glucose metabolism, which is associated with prediabetes owing to octreotide LAR medication. Hypertension and family history of diabetes are risk factors.

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Severe Vitamin K-dependent Coagulopathy from Rodenticide-contaminated Synthetic Cannabinoids: Emergency Department Presentations

Western Journal of Emergency Medicine ◽

10.5811/westjem.2021.2.46317 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 1014-1019

Author(s):

Erik Wright ◽

John Hafner ◽

Gregory Podolej ◽

Douglas Feinstein ◽

Richard van Breemen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Emergency Department ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Synthetic Cannabinoids ◽

The United States ◽

Designer Drugs ◽

Treatment Results ◽

Severe Vitamin ◽

Long Acting ◽

Serum Testing

Introduction: Synthetic cannabinoids are a rapidly expanding subset of designer drugs widely available in the United States since 2008. In Illinois during the spring of 2018, over 160 documented cases of bleeding and prolonged coagulopathy occurred secondary to contaminated synthetic cannabinoids. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study consisting of 38 patients to describe the initial emergency department (ED) presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. Results: Through serum testing we found that three long-acting anticoagulant rodenticides (LAAR) were detected in patients who had inhaled these tainted products: brodifacoum, difenacoum, and bromodialone. Discussion: This study encompasses the largest ED presentation of LAAR poisoning via the inhalational route known to date. Conclusion: The emergency physician should be aware of the potential for tainted coingestants as the cause of undifferentiated coagulopathy.

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SUCCESSFUL DONATION AND TRANSPLANTATION OF MULTIPLE ORGANS AFTER FATAL POISONING WITH BRODIFACOUM, A LONG-ACTING ANTICOAGULANT RODENTICIDE: CASE REPORT

Transplantation Journal ◽

10.1097/00007890-199902150-00022 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 475-478 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Deborah L. Ornstein ◽

Karen E. Lord ◽

Norman N. Yanofsky ◽

Cornelius J. Cornell ◽

Leo R. Zacharski

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Anticoagulant Rodenticide ◽

Fatal Poisoning ◽

Multiple Organs ◽

Long Acting

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Treatment Duration With Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics After In-hospital Initiation

Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology ◽

10.1097/jcp.0000000000000672 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 250-254 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hans Rittmannsberger ◽

Jan Rosenleitner ◽

Gertraud Malsiner-Walli ◽

Regina Werl ◽

Barbara Rittmannsberger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Treatment Duration ◽

Long Acting

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Long-Acting Formulations: A Promising Approach for the Treatment of Chronic Diseases

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612826666200707122012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

Author(s):

Somaraju Revanth Kumar ◽

Chetan Hasmukh Mehta ◽

Usha Y Nayak

Keyword(s):

Chronic Diseases ◽

Treatment Duration ◽

Patient Adherence ◽

Patient Needs ◽

Pharmacokinetics And Pharmacodynamics ◽

Long Time ◽

Long Acting ◽

Incomplete Treatment ◽

Trial Phase ◽

Treatment Profile

: Medication and patient adherence are the two main aspects of any successful treatment of chronic disease. Even though disease and its treatment existed for several hundred years ago, it still makes scientists and researchers always think about the optimization of the treatment given to patients. Understanding disease, its treatment duration, signs, symptoms, which are different from patients to the patient, make a challenge for designing an ideal formulation. The existence of conventional formulations like oral solids and liquids resulted in a partial or incomplete treatment profile as the patient needs to follow the daily pill format for a long time. In this case, long-acting formulations are designed to provide drug release for a longer duration with the advantage of patient compliance. Many of these approaches are under the clinical trial phase. Researchers have established pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics relationship, which shows a promising option for the treatment of chronic diseases. In this article we have discussed the importance of prescription adherence, chronic diseases and the need for long-acting formulations for the treatment of chronic diseases.

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