Progression from Asthma to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Is Air Pollution a Risk Factor?

2016 ◽  
Vol 194 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa To ◽  
Jingqin Zhu ◽  
Kristian Larsen ◽  
Jacqueline Simatovic ◽  
Laura Feldman ◽  
...  
Author(s):  
Kostas Giokas ◽  
Dimitra Iliopoulou ◽  
Ioannis Makris ◽  
Dimitris Koutsouris

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive pulmonary disease characterized by reduction in airflow and is not fully reversible. COPD is the major cause of mortality and increased levels of disability, particularly in the elderly. Symptoms vary among individuals and include breathlessness, dyspnea, abnormal sputum and chronic cough. Exposure to tobacco smoke is by far the most important risk factor in the development of COPD and is associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality. In this chapter the authors will present a system for the integrated care of COPD focusing on prevention and intervention.


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