Phylogenetic position, taxonomy, distribution, and conservation status of the rare and poorly-known Noccaea rosularis, the generic type of Masmenia (Brassicaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 344 (2) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
BARIŞ ÖZÜDOĞRU
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Generic Type ◽  
Taxonomical Status ◽  
Nuclear Its

The taxonomical status of the poorly known Anatolian endemic Noccaea rosularis (generic type of Masmenia) is revised. Inadequate description and distribution of this species are also updated and a new IUCN treat category is suggested based on comprehensive field collections and observations. Additionally in the light of the nuclear ITS based phylogeny, the phylogenetic position and generic affinities of this species with Callothlaspi and Pseudosempervivum is discussed combining morphological data.

scholarly journals An Elegy to Rangaeris, Including a Description of Two New Genera in the Cyrtorchis–Tridactyle Clade (Orchidaceae, Angraecinae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-322
Author(s):  
João N. M. Farminhão ◽  
Tania D'haijère ◽  
Vincent Droissart ◽  
Landry Dumbo Isonga ◽  
Ling Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Representative Sampling ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Plastid Markers ◽  
Angraecoid Orchids

The phylogenetic position of Rangaeris (Schltr.) Summerh. has been one of the most problematic issues of angraecoid orchid taxonomy. A recently published phylogenetic tree with nearly comprehensive taxon sampling of African angraecoid orchids suggested that this genus was polyphyletic, as its species appear nested within different subclades of the Cyrtorchis–Tridactyle clade. However, the lack of DNA data for the generic type, R. muscicola (Rchb. f.) Summerh., and for the little-known species R. longicaudata (Rolfe) Summerh. and R. trilobata Summerh., has precluded an integrative reappraisal of the delimitation of this genus. Here we present the results of a new phylogenetic analysis of one nuclear (ITS) and five plastid markers (matK, rps16, trnC-petN intergenic spacer, trnL-trnF intergenic spacer, ycf1) for all six species of Rangaeris, including those recently transferred to Podangis Schltr. and Ypsilopus Summerh., together with a representative sampling of 14 other species of the genera Cyrtorchis Schltr., Listrostachys Rchb. f., Plectrelminthus Raf., Summerhayesia P. J. Cribb, Tridactyle Schltr., and Ypsilopus. Based on molecular and morphological evidence, R. muscicola is transferred to Podangis, where Rangaeris is reduced to the rank of section. In addition, R. longicaudata and R. trilobata are each moved to new monotypic genera, Planetangis Stévart & Farminhão and Aziza Farminhão & D’haijère, respectively. An identification key for all genera of the Cyrtorchis–Tridactyle clade is presented, together with one for the three species of recircumscribed Podangis. Finally, taxonomic accounts of the new genera are presented, including amended descriptions, illustrations, distribution maps, and preliminary conservation status assessments of their species.

Revision of the genus Lisposoma Lawrence, 1928 (Scorpiones: Bothriuridae)

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Prendini
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
New Records ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Generic Diagnosis ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Cladistic Analyses

AbstractThe endemic Namibian genus Lisposoma Lawrence, 1928, comprising two described species, represents one of two basal African genera in the Gondwanan family Bothriuridae Simon, 1880. All other, more derived genera of Bothriuridae occur in South America, India and Australia. Although the phylogenetic position of Lisposoma has become an increasingly contentious subject, three cladistic analyses based on morphological data have confirmed that it is a basal bothriurid. In view of those findings, the present contribution serves to revise the generic diagnosis of Lisposoma, last revised by Lamoral (1979), who placed the genus in the Scorpionidae Latreille, 1802 and constructed his diagnosis accordingly. A considerable number of new specimens, many representing new records for the two species of Lisposoma, have also accumulated since Lamoral's (1979) revision. These new data justify the provision of revised diagnoses and descriptions for the two species, together with a key to their identification, brief summaries of their ecology and conservation status, and a distribution map plotting all known locality records.

Rock star flowers: Conchocarpus hendrixii (Galipeinae, Rutaceae), a new species from Eastern Brazil with notes on its phylogenetic position in the genus

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 422 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
MILTON GROPPO ◽  
IDIMÁ GONÇALVES COSTA ◽  
CARLA POLESELLI BRUNIERA ◽  
CAROLINA FERREIRA ◽  
LAURA AFONSO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Mountain Ranges ◽  
Staminal Tube ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Atlantic Rainforest Biome ◽  
A New Species

A new species, Conchocarpus hendrixii (tribe Galipeinae, Rutaceae), is described and illustrated. To date, this new species is known from populations observed in the municipalities of Cardoso Moreira and São Fidélis in Serra da Bandeira/Serra da Vista mountain ranges in northern Rio de Janeiro state in the Atlantic Rainforest biome and was brought to light as an undescribed species thanks to photographs shared on the social media site Facebook. The epithet “hendrixii” is in honor of Jimi Hendrix, guitarist and singer-songwriter, who wrote the song “Purple Haze,” in reference to the purple color of the flowers of the new species. Analyzes showed that flowers of the new species bear a staminal tube, a characteristic present only in C. odoratissimus among the Conchocarpus. However, this species bears flowers with much shorter staminal tubes (c. 2–2.5 mm in length v. 1–1.2 cm in the new species) and smaller flowers, among other morphologically dissimilar characteristics. Molecular phylogenetic analysis using nuclear (ITS-1 and IT-2) and plastidial markers (trnL-trnF and rps16 intron) were conducted and demonstrated that the new species belongs to an internal clade in Conchocarpus, together with species formerly assigned to Almeidea (currently included in Conchocarpus). The presence of pantoporate pollen grains, a synapomorphic trait to this clade supports the molecular results. Conservation status as well as data from foliar and floral (with an emphasis on the staminal tube) anatomy are presented.

Paepalanthus fabianeae (Eriocaulaceae): A New Microendemic Species from a Morphologically Coherent Clade

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 794-801
Author(s):  
Caroline Oliveira Andrino ◽  
Marcelo Fragomeni Simon ◽  
Jair Eustáquio Quintino Faria ◽  
André Luiz da Costa Moreira ◽  
Paulo Takeo Sano
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Infrageneric Classification ◽  
Espinhaço Range ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Two Populations

Abstract—We describe and illustrate Paepalanthus fabianeae, a new species of Eriocaulaceae from the central portion of the Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Previous phylogenetic evidence based on analyses of nuclear (ITS and ETS) and plastid (trnL-trnF and psba-trnH) sequences revealed P. fabianeae as belonging to a strongly supported and morphologically coherent clade containing five other species, all of them microendemic, restricted to the Espinhaço range. Due to the infrageneric classification of Paepalanthus being highly artificial, we preferred not assigning P. fabianeae to any infrageneric group. Paepalanthus fabianeae is known from two populations growing in campos rupestres (highland rocky fields) in the meridional Espinhaço Range. The species is characterized by pseudodichotomously branched stems, small, linear, recurved, and reflexed leaves, urceolate capitula, and bifid stigmas. Illustrations, photos, the phylogenetic position, and a detailed description, as well as comments on habitat, morphology, and affinities with similar species are provided. The restricted area of occurrence allied with threats to the quality of the habitat, mainly due to quartzite mining, justifies the preliminary classification of the new species in the Critically Endangered (CR) category using the guidelines and criteria of the IUCN Red List.

scholarly journals Intergeneric Relationships within the Early-Diverging Angiosperm Family Nymphaeaceae Based on Chloroplast Phylogenomics

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 3780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dingxuan He ◽  
Andrew Gichira ◽  
Zhizhong Li ◽  
John Nzei ◽  
Youhao Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Structure ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Basal Angiosperm ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Plastid Genomes ◽  
Chloroplast Genomes ◽  
Gene Data ◽  
High Degree

The order Nymphaeales, consisting of three families with a record of eight genera, has gained significant interest from botanists, probably due to its position as a basal angiosperm. The phylogenetic relationships within the order have been well studied; however, a few controversial nodes still remain in the Nymphaeaceae. The position of the Nuphar genus and the monophyly of the Nymphaeaceae family remain uncertain. This study adds to the increasing number of the completely sequenced plastid genomes of the Nymphaeales and applies a large chloroplast gene data set in reconstructing the intergeneric relationships within the Nymphaeaceae. Five complete chloroplast genomes were newly generated, including a first for the monotypic Euryale genus. Using a set of 66 protein-coding genes from the chloroplast genomes of 17 taxa, the phylogenetic position of Nuphar was determined and a monophyletic Nymphaeaceae family was obtained with convincing statistical support from both partitioned and unpartitioned data schemes. Although genomic comparative analyses revealed a high degree of synteny among the chloroplast genomes of the ancient angiosperms, key minor variations were evident, particularly in the contraction/expansion of the inverted-repeat regions and in RNA-editing events. Genome structure, and gene content and arrangement were highly conserved among the chloroplast genomes. The intergeneric relationships defined in this study are congruent with those inferred using morphological data.

Notes on the generic position of Brassica deserti (Brassicaceae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
Jotham Ziffer-Berger ◽  
Alexandra Keren-Keiserman ◽  
Adi Doron-Faigenboim ◽  
Klaus Mummenhoff ◽  
Oz Barazani
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Molecular Tools ◽  
East Mediterranean ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
5.8S Rdna ◽  
The Core ◽  
Generic Position ◽  
History Of

Molecular tools provide new insights into phylogenetic relationships of plant species, and by relating phylogenetic groups to their geographical distribution, we can cast light upon the evolution history of plant clades. In the current study, we evaluated the phylogenetic position of the Sinai endemic Brassica deserti (Brassicaceae), later renamed as Erucastrum deserti, based on morphological data and 5.8S rDNA and ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) regions. Our results indicate that B. deserti belongs to an East-Mediterranean – Saharo Arabian clade and was not assigned to the core Brassica and Erucastrum clades, respectively, which evolved in the West Mediterranean area. We tentatively conclude that Brassica deserti evolved independently of core Brassica and Erucastrum.

Paracarphalea, a new genus of the coffee family segregated from the Malagasy endemic genus Carphalea (Rubiaceae, Rubioideae, Knoxieae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 263 (2) ◽  
pp. 98 ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIA FERM ◽  
JESPER KÅREHED ◽  
BIRGITTA BREMER ◽  
SYLVAIN G. RAZAFIMANDIMBISON
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Methods ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Endemic Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Iucn Criteria

The Malagasy genus Carphalea (Rubiaceae) consists of six species (C. angulata, C. cloiselii, C. kirondron, C. linearifolia, C. madagascariensis, C. pervilleana) of shrubs or small trees and is recognizable by a distinctly lobed calyx, 2(–4)-locular ovaries, each locule with several ovules on a rod-like stalk arising from the base of the locule, and indehiscent fruits. Carphalea linearifolia, rediscovered in 2010, has not previously been included in any Rubiaceae molecular phylogenetic studies. We re-investigated the monophyly of Carphalea using sequence data from chloroplast (rps16 and trnT-F) and nuclear (ITS and ETS) markers analysed with parsimony and Bayesian methods. Carphalea linearifolia forms a clade with C. cloiselii and the type species C. madagascariensis. This clade is sister to a clade consisting of the rest of the Carphalea species plus the genus Triainolepis. According to these results, the new genus Paracarphalea is here described to accommodate Carphalea angulata, C. kirondron, and C. pervilleana. The conservation status of Carphalea linearifolia is assessed as critically endangered according to IUCN criteria.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Position of the New World Quail (Odontophoridae): Eight Nuclear Loci and Three Mitochondrial Regions Contradict Morphology and the Sibley-Ahlquist Tapestry

The Auk ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Andrew Cox ◽  
Rebecca T. Kimball ◽  
Edward L. Braun
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Nuclear Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Mitochondrial Data ◽  
Nuclear Loci

Abstract The evolutionary relationship between the New World quail (Odontophoridae) and other groups of Galliformes has been an area of debate. In particular, the relationship between the New World quail and guineafowl (Numidinae) has been difficult to resolve. We analyzed >8 kb of DNA sequence data from 16 taxa that represent all major lineages of Galliformes to resolve the phylogenetic position of New World quail. A combined data set of eight nuclear loci and three mitochondrial regions analyzed with maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian methods provide congruent and strong support for New World quail being basal members of a phasianid clade that excludes guineafowl. By contrast, the three mitochondrial regions exhibit modest incongruence with each other. This is reflected in the combined mitochondrial analyses that weakly support the Sibley-Ahlquist topology that placed the New World quail basal in relation to guineafowl and led to the placement of New World quail in its own family, sister to the Phasianidae. However, simulation-based topology tests using the mitochondrial data were unable to reject the topology suggested by our combined (mitochondrial and nuclear) data set. By contrast, similar tests using our most likely topology and our combined nuclear and mitochondrial data allow us to strongly reject the Sibley-Ahlquist topology and a topology based on morphological data that unites Old and New World quail. Posición Filogenética de las Codornices del Nuevo Mundo (Odontophoridae): Ocho Loci Nucleares y Tres Regiones Mitocondriales Contradicen la Morfología y la Filogenia de Sibley y Ahlquist

scholarly journals Three new Cenomanian conifers from El Chango (Chiapas, Mexico) offer a snapshot of the geographic mosaic of the Mesozoic conifer decline

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ixchel Gonzalez-Ramirez ◽  
Sergio RS Cevallos-Ferriz ◽  
Carl Rothfels
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Total Evidence ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Geographic Mosaic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rare Opportunity

Premise of study: El Chango is a recently discovered quarry that contains extremely well preserved fossils. The Cenomanian age of the locality corresponds to a time when the global flora was transitioning from gymnosperm- to angiosperm-dominated, yet conifers predominate in this locality. These fossils thus provide a rare opportunity to understand the replacement of conifers by angiosperms as the dominant group of plants. Methods: We collected material from El Chango in annual expeditions (2010 to 2014). We selected the three most abundant and best preserved conifer morphotypes and conducted a total-evidence (i.e., including molecular and morphological data) phylogenetic analysis of a sample of 72 extant conifer species plus the three fossils. We use these results to inform our taxonomic decisions. Results: We obtained four equally most-parsimonious trees (consistency index = 44.1%, retention index = 78.8%). Despite ambiguous relationships among some extant taxa, the three fossil conifers had the same phylogenetic position in all four most parsimonious trees; we describe these species as new: Sequoiadendron helicalancifolium sp. nov. (Cupressaceae), and Microcachrys rhomboidea sp. nov. and Dacrydium bifoliosus sp. nov (Podocarpaceae). The ecosystem is interpreted as a coastal humid mixed forest. Conclusions: Our findings contribute to the understanding of Cenomanian equatorialregions, and support the hypothesis of a geographically and ecologically structured rise of angiosperms, with conifers remaining dominant in brackish-water and angiosperms becoming dominant in freshwater-ecosystems. These fossils fill in gaps in the evolutionary history of lineages like Microcachrys, which we demonstrate occurred in the Northern hemisphere before becoming restricted to its current range (Tasmania).

scholarly journals Resurrection of the Butterfly-winged Comber, Serranus papilionaceus Valenciennes, 1832 (Teleostei, Serranidae) and its phylogenetic position within genus Serranus

ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1017 ◽  
pp. 111-126
Author(s):  
Adriana Vella ◽  
Noel Vella ◽  
Carolina Acosta-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Interspecific Divergence ◽  
Population Conservation ◽  
Status Assessment ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
High Level

The family Serranidae is represented by 92 genera and 579 valid species, with the genus Serranus Cuvier, 1816, containing 30 species. In this study, specimens of Butterfly-winged Comber, Serranus papilionaceus Valenciennes, 1832, were collected from the Canary Islands and compared morphologically and genetically to Painted Comber, Serranus scriba (Linnaeus, 1758), from the Mediterranean Sea. Morphological differences, especially in the colour banding pattern, were corroborated by genetic differences in mitochondrial (COI and ND2) and nuclear (Rhod and PTR) markers. The mitochondrial DNA markers revealed a high level of divergence and no shared haplotypes between the two species (interspecific divergence: COI 4.31%; ND2 8.68%), and a phylogenetic analysis showed that these two species are closely related sister species sharing common ancestry. This study is therefore offering to resurrect S. papilionaceus Valenciennes, 1832 as a valid species increasing the number of eastern Atlantic Serranus species to 11. This should direct new species-specific research, including its population conservation status assessment across its distribution.

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