Incorporation of nomina of higher-ranked taxa into the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature: some basic questions

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1337 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALAIN DUBOIS
Keyword(s):  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Special System ◽  
Higher Taxa ◽  
The Future ◽  
Long Time

Several proposals have recently been published regarding the possible incorporation of nomenclature of higher taxa (class-series nomina) into the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Some basic questions related to this problem are discussed here. Introducing standard endings for the nomina of these taxa would probably be a kind of hara-kiri for LinnaeanStricklandian nomenclature of higher taxa: it would upset nomenclatural stability by introducing many new nomina and abandoning most of the nomina that have been in constant use in zoology for a long time to other nomenclatural systems alternative to the Code. Nomina of higher taxa should rather all belong in a single nominal-series, the class-series. They should not be submitted to a Rule of Coordination (except for identical taxa of different ranks), and their allocation to taxa should not be made through extensional or intensional definitions, but through ostension with a special system combining onomatophores (the conucleogenera) and onomatostases (the alienogenera). This system provides clear, unambiguous, stringent and universal Rules for the nomination of higher taxa in the future, compatible with all taxonomic systems including “phylogenetic” ones, while respecting the freedom of taxonomic thought and actions, as well as the tradition long attached to nomina of higher taxa in zoology.

Comments on eye-flukes (Philophthalmidae Looss, 1819) in the genera Philophthalmus and Natterophthalmus, with a re-designation of the type-species of Natterophthalmus

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1223 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
VALENTIN RADEV ◽  
IVAN KANEV ◽  
BERNARD FRIED
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
The Future

A new systematic organization on the eye-flukes of family Philophthalmidae including generic features and keys were published by Kanev et al. (2005). However, that publication contains a mistake (lapsus calami) in the type species information given within the key to the genera of Philophthalmidae. Instead of the original name Natterophthalmus lacrymosus (Braun) n. comb. being used, another name Natterophthalmus hegeneri (Penner & Fried) was listed as the type-species. We apologize for this mistake and would like to provide important but rare and difficult to find information for the future correction of this mistake in the agreement with the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.

scholarly journals Emendation of circumscriptions of taxa in the Lists of Changes in Taxonomic Opinion

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 2163-2164
Author(s):  
Aharon Oren ◽  
George M. Garrity
Keyword(s):  
International Code ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
The Past ◽  
Higher Taxa ◽  
Code Of Nomenclature ◽  
The Future ◽  
Evolutionary Microbiology ◽  
International Code Of Nomenclature

In the past 3 years, a large number of emendations of circumscriptions of species, subspecies and higher taxa were published outside the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (IJSEM) that only marginally modify the earlier circumscription and may not meet the requirements of Rule 35 of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes. Thus far, these emendations were included in the Lists of Changes in Taxonomic Opinion in the IJSEM. The list editors propose to list in the future only meaningful emendations that in their opinion significantly modify the diagnostic characters or the circumscription of taxa.

scholarly journals Back to the future: the proper name for red-backed voles is Clethrionomys Tilesius and not Myodes Pallas

Mammalia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Kryštufek ◽  
Alexey S. Tesakov ◽  
Vladimir S. Lebedev ◽  
Anna A. Bannikova ◽  
Nataliya I. Abramson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
The Future ◽  
Proper Name

AbstractTwo names (Clethrionomys and Myodes) are used interchangeably for red-backed voles, which is contrary to one of the fundamental principles of zoological nomenclature, that each taxon has a single and unique valid name. Fixation of Mus lemmus Linnaeus, 1758, as the type of Myodes Pallas, 1811, meets the requirements stipulated in the Article 69.1.1 of the 4th edition of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, and is therefore valid. Hence, the genus group name Myodes is a junior synonym of Lemmus Link, 1795, and is not available for red-backed voles. The oldest valid name for red-backed voles is Clethrionomys Tilesius, 1850, with the type species (Mus rutilus Pallas, 1779) subsequently designated by Palmer (1928).

Some words used in scale insect names (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3087 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
D. J. WILLIAMS
Keyword(s):  
Scale Insect ◽  
Species Group ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
The Third ◽  
Latin Language ◽  
The Future

In the Introduction to the present International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1999) (herein referred to as the Code), there is a remark that few zoologists today or in the future can have any knowledge of the Latin language although there is adherence to Latin grammar in the Code. The present Code, nevertheless, retains the requirement that Latin or latinized adjectival species-group names must always agree in gender with the generic name with which they are combined. Furthermore, Article 30 of the Code states that a genus-group name takes the gender given for that word in standard Latin dictionaries. Moreover, Article 39.1.2.a. states that a genus-group name that is, or ends in, a Greek word transliterated into Latin without change takes the gender given for that word in standard Greek dictionaries. However, such dictionaries may not be readily available to some people. The third edition of the Code, published in 1985, contained an appendix with recommendations on the formation of names that proved useful, but this section was omitted from the present edition of the Code.

Alkohol im Tank – Bio-Kraftstoffe und die Grenzen moderner Mobilität

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (136) ◽  
pp. 455-468
Author(s):  
Hartwig Berger
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
The Third ◽  
Political Conflicts ◽  
The Future ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Food Market ◽  
The One ◽  
The Third World

The article discusses the future of mobility in the light of energy resources. Fossil fuel will not be available for a long time - not to mention its growing environmental and political conflicts. In analysing the potential of biofuel it is argued that the high demands of modern mobility can hardly be fulfilled in the future. Furthermore, the change into using biofuel will probably lead to increasing conflicts between the fuel market and the food market, as well as to conflicts with regional agricultural networks in the third world. Petrol imperialism might be replaced by bio imperialism. Therefore, mobility on a solar base pursues a double strategy of raising efficiency on the one hand and strongly reducing mobility itself on the other.

To the memory of the geobotanist. Leonid E. Rodin (to the 100th anniversary of his birthday)

2007 ◽  
pp. 106-107
Author(s):  
B. K. Gannibal
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
100Th Anniversary ◽  
State University ◽  
Botanical Institute ◽  
Komarov Botanical Institute ◽  
The Future ◽  
Long Time ◽  
High Level

Leonid Efimovich Rodin (1907-1990) was a graduate of Leningrad state University. To him, the future is known geobotanica, happened to a course in Botanical geography is still at the N. A. Bush. His teachers were also A. P. Shennikov and A. A. Korchagin, who subsequently headed related Department of geobotany and Botanical geography of Leningrad state University. This was the first school scientist. And since the beginning of the 30s of XX century and until the end of life L. E. was an employee of the Department of geobotany of the Komarov Botanical Institute (RAS), where long time worked together with E. M. Lavrenko, V. B. Sochava, B. A. Tikhomirov, V. D. Alexandrova and many other high-level professionals, first continuing to learn and gain experience, then defining the direction of development of geobotany in the Institute and the country as a whole.

The ICZN amendment of Articles 8, 9, 10, 21 and 78 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-327
Keyword(s):  
International Commission ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
Electronic Publications

Following four years of highly charged debate the rules for publication of scientific names of animals have been changed to allow electronic publications to meet the requirements of the stringent International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. In a landmark decision, the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) has passed an amendment to its rules that will accept an electronic-only publication as ‘legitimate’ if it meets criteria of archiving and the publication is registered on the ICZN’s official online registry, ZooBank. A brief discussion of the amendment is available from: Zootaxa : http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/list/2012/3450.html Zookeys: http://www.pensoft.net/journals/zookeys/article/3944/

New family of Crustacea (Calanoida) – Rostrocalanidae fam. nov.: making the name available

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-319
Author(s):  
E.L. Markhaseva ◽  
K. Schulz ◽  
P. Martinez Arbizu
Keyword(s):  
Family Group ◽  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code ◽  
New Family

Recently, we (Markhaseva et al., 2008) introduced a family-group name Rostrocalanidae for a new family of clausocalanoid copepods but the name is unavailable for it does not meet the conditions of Art. 16.2. of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. Here, the Rostrocalanidae fam. nov. is established in a way that makes the name available.

The Phantom Defense: America's Pursuit of the Star Wars Illusion. By Craig Eisendrath, Melvin A. Goodman, and Gerald E. Marsh. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2001. 216p. $24.95. Ballistic Missile Defense and the Future of American Security: Agendas, Perceptions, Technology, and Policy. By Roger Handberg. Praeger, 2001. 264p. $62.00. Rockets' Red Glare: Missile Defenses and the Future of World Politics. Edited by James J. Wirtz and Jeffrey A. Larsen. Boulder, CO: Westview, 2001. 368p. $28.50.

2002 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 879-880
Author(s):  
David Goldfischer
Keyword(s):  
World Politics ◽  
Ballistic Missile ◽  
Missile Defense ◽  
Star Wars ◽  
Technological Context ◽  
The Future ◽  
Ballistic Missile Defense ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Strategic Defense ◽  
The Subject

As Michael O'Hanlon concludes in his excellent contribution to Rockets' Red Glare: “We should…get used to the debate over ballistic missile defenses. It has been around a long time, and no final resolution is imminent” (p. 132). In one sense, a review of these three recent books makes clear that many analysts had grown a bit too used to positioning themselves in terms of the 1972 ABM Treaty. Preoccupied with arguments over whether the treaty should be preserved, modified, or rewritten in light of a changing strategic and technological context, no one seemed to have anticipated that President George W. Bush would simply withdraw from it, invoking Article XV's provision that either party could withdraw if “extraordinary events related to the subject matter of this Treaty have jeopardized its supreme interests.” Even many strategic defense supporters who deemed the treaty obsolete (as Robert Joseph persuasively maintains in his contribution to Rockets' Red Glare) generally believed that it should only—and would only—be scrapped if negotiations over U.S.-proposed changes broke down. (“The Bush Administration,” surmises O'Hanlon, “will surely try very hard to amend it before going to such an extreme”) (p. 112). In the event, the president's team disavowed even the word “negotiation,” saying they were willing only to “consult” the Russians regarding the treaty's impending demise.

Nomenclatoral changes for some Pseudophyllinae (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1781 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
HOLGER BRAUN ◽  
MICHAEL D. MAEHR
Keyword(s):  
Zoological Nomenclature ◽  
International Code

Recently Özdikmen (2007 & 2008) proposed substitute names for two generic names in the subfamily Pseudophyllinae which are junior homonyms: Colobotettix Beier 1960 (preoccupied by a leafhopper genus) was renamed Beierotettix and Alloschema Beier 1954 (preoccupied by a weevil) became Beieroschema. Similarly in accordance with article 60 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (1999) we propose substitute names for two additional genus group names in the same subfamily, concerning also Neotropical taxa described by Beier.

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