The nematode genus Fergusobia (Nematoda: Neotylenchidae): molecular phylogeny, descriptions of clades and associated galls, host plants and Fergusonina fly larvae

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2633 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
KERRIE A. DAVIES ◽  
WEIMIN YE ◽  
ROBIN M. GIBLIN-DAVIS ◽  
GARY S. TAYLOR ◽  
SONJA SCHEFFER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Host Switching ◽  
Dorsal Shield ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Collection Data

Collection data and biological information is presented on the genus Fergusobia (Nematoda: Neotylenchidae) from Australasia, India and The Philippines, an emended diagnosis of the genus is presented, and its putative phylogeny is discussed based on molecular and morphological evidence. About 20 clades have been found, and are outlined, including information on nematode and fly morphology; plant host species and distribution. Fly morphology, particularly the structure of the dorsal shield of third stage larvae, is congruent with the clades of nematodes, suggesting coevolution. However, little evidence of coevolution between the fly/nematode association and their host plants is apparent: host-switching appears to have been common, although host-specificity is stringent among most clades. A key to the species and morphospecies of nematodes collected from Corymbia, Angophora, Metrosideros, Syzygium, narrow-leaved Melaleuca, and Eucalyptus is presented.

A review of the taxonomy, phylogeny, distribution and co-evolution of Schistonchus Cobb, 1927 with proposal of Ficophagus n. gen. and Martininema n. gen. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae)

Nematology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 761-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerrie A. Davies ◽  
Weimin Ye ◽  
Natsumi Kanzaki ◽  
Faerlie Bartholomaeus ◽  
Yongsan Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Excretory Pore ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Wasp Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Pore Opening

The purposes of this paper are to clarify the taxonomic status of the fig-pollinating wasp associateSchistonchussensu lato(Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) and to suggest directions for future research on the systematics, life history and ecology of the group. Molecular phylogenetic analyses suggest thatSchistonchus s.l.is polyphyletic, and the composition of the three major clades is outlined, together with information on nematode morphology, plant host species, associated pollinating wasp species, and distribution. Biological information and collection data is presented forSchistonchus s.l.fromFicussycones (Moracea) in Africa, Australia, Asia and Central America, and its putative phylogeny is discussed based on molecular and morphological evidence. Both wasps and figs are millions of years old and have worldwide distribution in tropical areas,i.e., opportunities forSchistonchus s.l.-like nematodes to have evolved could have occurred more than once. In addition, figs and their pollinating wasps have variable life histories, which could have provided opportunities forSchistonchus s.l.to also develop different life histories. However, these histories occur inside fig sycones and in association with wasps, which has apparently led to evolutionary convergence and extreme morphological conservatism. Diagnostic characters and their states, derived from examination of described species and morphospecies ofSchistonchus s.l.and informed by molecular phylogenetic inferences, are discussed and illustrated.Schistonchus sensu strictois redefined, andFicophagusn. gen. andMartinineman. gen. are proposed.Schistonchus s.s.is morphologically characterised by having the excretory pore opening in the region of, or posterior to, the metacorpus;Ficophagusn. gen. by having the excretory pore opening very near the cephalic region; andMartinineman. gen. by having it opening at the anterior end of the metacorpus. Several species ofSchistonchus s.s.have a labial disc, but there is no evidence of this in eitherFicophagusn. gen. orMartinineman. gen.

CHAETOCNEMA CONCINNA (MARSHAM, 1802), A EUROPEAN FLEA BEETLE INTRODUCED IN NORTH AMERICA (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE: ALTICINAE)

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-650
Author(s):  
Laurent Lesage
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
North America ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
First Time

AbstractChaetocnema concinna (Marsham, 1802), a European flea beetle, is reported for the first time from Canada. Preliminary collection data indicate that it may feed on the same host plants as in Europe. It has been collected to date in Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, and Maine.

Morphological evidence for paraphyly of Holopothrips Hood (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae), a Neotropical genus of gall-inducing thrips

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Mariana F. Lindner ◽  
Augusto Ferrari ◽  
Adriano Cavalleri
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Bootstrap Support ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Internal Relations ◽  
Evolutionary Story

Abstract Holopothrips is a diverse group of thrips associated to galls in the Neotropics, with a variety of host plants and wide morphological diversity. Relationships to other Neotropical groups have been proposed, but are still untested, and the monophyly of the genus remains doubtful. Here, we perform a phylogenetic analysis of Holopothrips, based on morphological characters. A total of 87 species were included in the matrix and eight analyses were carried out, but all of them failed to recover Holopothrips as a monophyletic grouping. Bremer and Bootstrap support values were low, and the topologies varied among all analyses, with uncertain internal relations for the ingroup. These results indicate that the relationships for Holopothrips species, and the proposed related genera, are more complex than previously reported; and morphological characters may not be enough to recover the evolutionary story within this group. We also discuss the influences of different character coding, continuous characters and weighting schemes in our results.

A checklist of chigger mites (Acariformes: Trombiculidae) of Southeast Asia

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4913 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-163
Author(s):  
ALEXANDR A. STEKOLNIKOV
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Collection Data

Chigger mites (Acariformes: Trombiculidae) of Southeast Asia, including Myanmar, Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore, Indonesia, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, and the Philippines have been revised based on reference data and examination of type materials in European collections of chiggers. For 450 species of 49 genera synonymy, collection data on types, lists of known host species and lists of countries are given. The lists of hosts include in total 649 valid species and subspecies of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and arthropods. Two new synonyms were established: Doloisia (Doloisia) Oudemans, 1910 (= Doloisia (Trisetoisia) Vercammen-Grandjean, 1968, syn. nov.) and Gahrliepia lui Chen and Hsu, 1955 (= Gahrliepia (Gateria) octosetosa Chen, Hsu and Wang, 1956, syn. nov.). Twenty-seven new combinations were proposed: Walchia (Ripiaspichia) biliranensis (Brown, 1997), comb. nov., Walchia (Ripiaspichia) huberti (Upham and Nadchatram, 1968), comb. nov., Walchia (Ripiaspichia) parmulaseta (Brown, 1997), comb. nov., and Walchia (Ripiaspichia) serrata (Brown and Goff, 1988), comb. nov., transferred from Gahrliepia Oudemans, 1912; Farrellioides consuetum (Womersley, 1952), comb. nov. (originally in Trombicula Berlese, 1905), Farrellioides nakatae (Nadchatram and Traub, 1964), comb. nov. (originally in Leptotrombidium Nagayo, Miyagawa, Mitamura and Imamura, 1916), and Farrellioides striatum (Nadchatram and Traub, 1964), comb. nov. (originally in Leptotrombidium), transferred from Euschoengastia Ewing, 1938; Guntheria (Phyllacarus) bushlandi (Philip, 1947), comb. nov. (originally in Ascoschoengastia Ewing, 1946), transferred from Guntherana Womersley and Heaslip, 1943 (syn. of Guntheria Womersley, 1939); Kayella masta (Traub and Sundermeyer, 1950), comb. nov. (originally in Ascoschoengastia), transferred from Cordiseta Hoffmann, 1954; Neoschoengastia stekolnikovi (Kalúz, 2016), comb. nov., transferred from Hypogastia Vercammen-Grandjean, 1967; Susa chiropteraphilus (Brown, 1997), comb. nov., Susa masawanensis (Brown, 1998), comb. nov., and Susa palawanensis (Brown and Goff, 1988), comb. nov., transferred from Cheladonta Lipovsky, Crossley and Loomis, 1955; Ericotrombidium cosmetopode (Vercammen-Grandjean and Langston, 1971), comb. nov., transferred from Leptotrombidium; Eutrombicula gigarara (Brown, 1997), comb. nov., transferred from Siseca Audy, 1956; Microtrombicula eltoni (Audy, 1956), comb. nov., transferred from Eltonella Audy, 1956; Trombiculindus alethrix (Traub and Nadchatram, 1967), comb. nov., Trombiculindus cuteanum (Vercammen-Grandjean and Langston, 1976), comb. nov., Trombiculindus frondosum (Traub and Nadchatram, 1967), comb. nov., Trombiculindus hastatum (Gater, 1932), comb. nov., Trombiculindus lepismatum (Traub and Nadchatram, 1967), comb. nov., Trombiculindus limi (Traub and Nadchatram, 1967), comb. nov., Trombiculindus maxwelli (Traub and Nadchatram, 1967), comb. nov., Trombiculindus roseannleilaniae (Brown, 1992), comb. nov., Trombiculindus sarisatum (Traub and Nadchatram, 1967), comb. nov., Trombiculindus vanpeeneni (Hadi and Carney, 1977), comb. nov., and Trombiculindus yooni (Traub and Nadchatram, 1967), comb. nov., transferred from Leptotrombidium. 

Revision of the endemic Philippine Poeciloterpa Stål (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) with description of four new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4608 (2) ◽  
pp. 291
Author(s):  
ELORDE JR. S. CRISPOLON ◽  
SHERYL A. YAP ◽  
ADELINE SOULIER-PERKINS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
New Host ◽  
First Time

The genus Poeciloterpa Stål endemic to the Philippines with 9 known species is reviewed. Four new species are described and illustrated: P. altissima Crispolon et Soulier-Perkins sp. nov., P. conica Crispolon et Soulier-Perkins sp. nov., P. gapudi Crispolon et Yap sp. nov. and P. mangkas Crispolon et Yap sp. nov. Illustrations and descriptions for the male genitalia are given for the first time for all the species except for P. nigrolimbata Stål known only by two female specimens. A key to species is provided. The type of habitats where the species are found is discussed and new host-plants listed. 

Taxonomic revision of the myrmecophilous, meliponiphilous and rhizophilous soft scale genus Cryptostigma Ferris (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2709 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
TAKUMASA KONDO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
New World ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
World Species ◽  
Soft Scale ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
First Instar

The present study revises the soft scale insects of the genus Cryptostigma Ferris (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae), which comprises a group of New World species associated with ants or bees or of hypogeal habit. It includes 17 species, of which 10 species are new to science. The study is based on the external, mostly cuticular morphology of the adult females and first-instar nymphs. Taxonomic keys based on adult females and known first-instar nymphs are provided. For each species a description or redescription is given, followed by information on its distribution, host plants, and known biological information including associated ants or bees. The new species described are Cryptostigma chacoensis sp. nov., C. gullanae sp. nov., C. jonmartini sp. nov., C. longinoi sp. nov., C. melissophilum sp. nov., C. mexicanum sp. nov., C. philwardi , sp. nov. C. rhizophilum sp. nov., C. serratum sp. nov., and C. tuberculosum sp. nov. Neolecanium urichi (Cockerell) is transferred to Cryptostigma as C. urichi (Cockerell) comb. nov., and C. quinquepori (Newstead) is synonymized with Cryptostigma urichi, comb. nov. Lectotypes are designated for Cryptostigma saundersi Laing, Lecanium silveirai Hempel, Lecanium urichi Cockerell and Akermes quinquepori Newstead. Cryptostigma inquilina (Newstead) is amended to C. inquilinum in order to match the neutral ending “stigma”. The following names are treated as nomina nuda: Cryptostigma jamaicensis and Lecanopsis jamaicensis (Ben-Dov, 1993: 97).

Molecular phylogeny of the weevil genus Kyklioacalles Stüben, with descriptions of a new subgenus Glaberacalles and two new species (Curculionidae: Cryptorhynchinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2662 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER E. STÜBEN ◽  
JONAS J. ASTRIN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
New Subgenus ◽  
Western Palearctic ◽  
Two New Species

A molecular phylogeny of the western Palearctic weevil genus Kyklioacalles Stüben, 1999 is presented, combining two mitochondrial genes (CO1 and 16S) in a Bayesian analysis. Based on molecular data, the validity of the subspecies Kyklioacalles punctaticollis punctaticollis (Lucas, 1849) and Kyklioacalles punctaticollis meteoricus (Meyer, 1909) is discussed and the morphological differentiation of the endophalli and known distributions of both subspecies are verified. Glaberacalles subg. n. (formerly Kyklioacalles punctaticollis-group) and two new species are described, Kyklioacalles atlasicus sp.n. from Morocco and Kyklioacalles plantapilosus sp.n. from Spain. Kyklioacalles berberi (Stüben, 2005), comb. n. and Kyklioacalles olcesei (Tournier, 1873) comb. n. are transferred from Acalles Schoenherr. The molecular results further advocate a transfer of Onyxacalles pyrenaeus (Boheman, 1844) to Kyklioacalles; however this is not supported by morphological evidence. Kyklioacalles almadensis Stüben, 2004 syn. n. (Spain) is synonymized with Kyklioacalles bupleuri Stüben, 2004 (Tunisia). A catalogue of all 40 (sub-)species of Kyklioacalles is given and a key of the species of the subgenus Glaberacalles is presented.

scholarly journals Taxonomic revision and molecular phylogeny of Flemingia subgenus Rhynchosioides (Leguminosae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-271
Author(s):  
S.K. Gavade ◽  
S. Surveswaran ◽  
L.J.G. van der Maesen ◽  
M.M. Lekhak
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Taxonomic Key ◽  
Molecular Information ◽  
A New Species

A taxonomic revision of Flemingia subg. Rhynchosioides based on morphology and molecular information (matK and ITS) is presented. The subgenus comprises six herbaceous taxa (F. gracilis, F. mukerjeeana, F. nilgheriensis, F. rollae, F. tuberosa and F. vestita). All species except F. vestita are endemic to India. Morphological evidence and molecular phylogeny revealed that the subgenus is monophyletic. Nevertheless, the systematic position of F. tuberosa remains unclear on account of its unique ecology and inflorescence. A new species, F. mukerjeeana, is described and four binomials, namely F. gracilis, F. nilgheriensis, F. tuberosa and F. vestita have been lectotypified. Furthermore, all species have been described, illustrated and their ecology discussed. A taxonomic key including the recently described species from Thailand, F. sirindhorniae, is also provided for easy identification.

scholarly journals The Cpc1 Regulator of the Cross-Pathway Control of Amino Acid Biosynthesis Is Required for Pathogenicity of the Vascular Pathogen Verticillium longisporum

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1312-1324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Timpner ◽  
Susanna A. Braus-Stromeyer ◽  
Van Tuan Tran ◽  
Gerhard H. Braus
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Amino Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Amino Acid Starvation ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Verticillium Longisporum ◽  
The Cross

The plant-pathogenic fungus Verticillium longisporum is a causal agent of early senescence and ripening in cruciferous crops like Brassica napus. Verticillium wilts have become serious agricultural threats in recent decades. Verticillium species infect host plants through the roots and colonize xylem vessels of the host plant. The xylem fluid provides an environment with limited carbon sources and unbalanced amino acid supply, which requires V. longisporum to induce the cross-pathway control of amino acid biosynthesis. RNA-mediated gene silencing reduced the expression of the two CPC1 isogenes (VlCPC1-1 and VlCPC1-2) of the allodiploid V. longisporum up to 85%. VlCPC1 encodes the conserved transcription factor of the cross-pathway control. The silenced mutants were highly sensitive to amino-acid starvation, and the infected plants showed significantly fewer symptoms such as stunting or early senescence in oilseed rape plant infection assays. Consistently, deletion of single CPC1 of the haploid V. dahliae resulted in strains that are sensitive to amino-acid starvation and cause strongly reduced symptoms in the plant-host tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). The allodiploid V. longisporum and the haploid V. dahliae are the first phytopathogenic fungi that were shown to require CPC1 for infection and colonization of their respective host plants, oilseed rape and tomato.

Larval Host Plants and Metamorphosis of Selected Butterfly Species (Rhopalocera) in La Union Botanical Garden (LUBG), San Fernando, La Union, Philippines

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
ALMA E. NACUA ◽  
ALMA B. MOHAGAN ◽  
GRECEBIO JONATHAN D. ALEJANDRO
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Butterfly Species ◽  
Larval Host ◽  
Ocular Micrometer ◽  
San Fernando ◽  
Line Transects ◽  
Larval Host Plants

Host plants are known to support growth of different butterfly species in the larval stage.  Butterfly larvae are characterized by being voracious eaters and host plant specific. However, information regarding larval host plants of many butterfly species remains poor in the Philippines. The paper aimed to provide information on the larval host plants of the butterflies and document some butterfly life cycles in La Union Botanical Garden, San Fernando, La Union (LUBG), Philippines. The study employed visual searching for eggs and larvae in the foliage along the 100-meter line transects established in LUBG. Larval host plants were determined when larvae feed on the plant particularly leaves or flowers. The study on the life cycle or metamorphosis of selected butterfly species utilized field observation and description using ocular micrometer under the microscope. The data revealed 66 species in 27 families of larval host plants that support 57 species in 4 families of butterflies. The results suggest that presence and abundance of larval host plants affect butterfly metamorphosis and abundance in LUBG. Keywords - Butterfly, larval host plants, metamorphosis

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