Morphometric differentiation of five biotypes of Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) in Iran

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2745 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
HOSSEIN BARAHOEI ◽  
SEYED MASSOUD MADJDZADEH ◽  
MOHSEN MEHRPARVAR
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Discriminant Function Analysis ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Melanaphis Sacchari

Morphometric analyses were carried out on five biotypes of Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) associated with five host aphid species, Aphis craccivora Koch, Aphis fabae Scopoli, Aphis gossypii Glover, Brachyunguis zygophylli (Nevsky) and Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner). Sixteen morphological characters were measured on female specimens of L. fabarum. Two multivariate discriminant analyses, discriminant function analysis and Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean cluster analysis, were employed to discriminate among L. fabarum biotypes on a morphological basis. Both discriminant function analysis and cluster analysis revealed significant morphological differences. Specimens of L. fabarum reared on Melanaphis sacchari/ Sorghum halepense association showed clear differentiation from other L. fabarum biotypes. A stepwise discriminant function analysis selected Distance between R1-R2 junction and outer margin of wing, Metacarpus length, Width of first tergit, Basal vein length and Femur length that showed the highest contribution to the separation of host-adapted biotypes. A dendrogram of the cluster analysis based on data of squared Euclidean distances classified biotypes in different groups. This study demonstrates that morphometric analysis of morphological characters can efficiently discriminate among host-associated groups based on size variation and clearly separate biotypes of L. fabarum. We concluded that L. fabarum biotypes are not homogeneous morphological entities, and represent different host-associated forms.

scholarly journals Morphological descriptions and morphometric discriminant function analysis reveal an additional four groups of Scylla spp

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanafiah Fazhan ◽  
Khor Waiho ◽  
Emilia Quinitio ◽  
Juliana C. Baylon ◽  
Yushinta Fujaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Discriminant Function Analysis ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Carapace Width ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Equatorial Region ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Pure Species ◽  
Sulu Sea ◽  
Males And Females

There are four species of mud crabs within the genus Scylla, and most of them live sympatrically in the equatorial region. Apart from a report in Japan about the finding of a natural Scylla hybrid more than a decade ago after the division of genus Scylla into four species by Keenan, Davie & Mann (1998), no subsequent sighting was found. Thus, this study investigates the possible natural occurrence of potential hybridization among Scylla species in the wild. A total of 76,211 individuals from mud crab landing sites around the Malacca Straits, South China Sea and Sulu Sea were screened. In addition to the four-purebred species, four groups (SH 1, n = 2, 627; SH 2, n = 136; SH 3, n = 1; SH 4, n = 2) with intermediate characteristics were found, mostly at Sulu Sea. Discriminant Function Analysis revealed that all Scylla species, including SH 1 - 4, are distinguishable via their morphometric ratios. The most powerful discriminant ratios for each character and the top five discriminant ratios of males and females were suggested. The carapace width of SH 1 males and females were significantly smaller than pure species. Based on the discriminant ratios and the description of morphological characters, we hypothesize that the additional four groups of Scylla with intermediate characteristics could be presumed hybrids. Future work at the molecular level is urgently needed to validate this postulate.

A Technique for Identifying the Subgroup Membership of Certain Misarticulating Children

1982 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita F. Johnson ◽  
Ralph L. Shelton ◽  
William B. Arndt
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Discriminant Function Analysis ◽  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Cluster Membership ◽  
Reading Measures

Cluster analysis was used to identify two homogenous clusters of 8–9½-year-old children who misarticulated /s/, /r/, or both. The analysis was based on the children's scores on 40 measures of language, reading, auditory processing, and other variables. Discriminant function analysis was then used to identify a subset of five measures and a means of computing classification scores. These measures and the classification scores can be used to identify the cluster membership of new subjects. The use of classification scores for identifying cluster membership was cross-validated against cluster analysis of a second group of children. The two clusters are described in terms of their performance on language and reading measures.

scholarly journals Statistical Analyses: Possible Reasons for Unreliability of Source Tracking Efforts

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 4690-4695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarivel Lasalde ◽  
Roberto Rodríguez ◽  
Gary A. Toranzos
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Discriminant Function Analysis ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Quality Of Water

ABSTRACT Analyses for the presence of indicator organisms provide information on the microbiological quality of water. Indicator organisms recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency for monitoring the microbiological quality of water include Escherichia coli, a thermotolerant coliform found in the feces of warm-blooded animals. These bacteria can also be isolated from environmental sources such as the recreational and pristine waters of tropical rain forests in the absence of fecal contamination. In the present study, E. coli isolates were compared to E. coli K12 (ATCC 29425) by restriction fragment length polymorphism using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Theoretically, genomic DNA patterns generated by PFGE are highly specific for the different isolates of an organism and can be used to identify variability between environmental and fecal isolates. Our results indicate a different band pattern for almost every one of the E. coli isolates analyzed. Cluster analysis did not show any relations between isolates and their source of origin. Only the discriminant function analysis grouped the samples with the source of origin. The discrepancy observed between the cluster analysis and discriminant function analysis relies on their mathematical basis. Our validation analyses indicate the presence of an artifact (i.e., grouping of environmental versus fecal samples as a product of the statistical analyses used and not as a result of separation in terms of source of origin) in the classification results; therefore, the large genetic heterogeneity observed in these E. coli populations makes the grouping of isolates by source rather difficult, if not impossible.

Academic Goal Profiles: A Comparison of Blind and Sighted Students

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1043-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Pablo Holgado Tello ◽  
Leandro Navas Martínez ◽  
Irene Jover Mira
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Discriminant Function Analysis ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Goal Theory ◽  
Academic Goals ◽  
Visually Impaired Students

Based on academic goal theory, we compared the goals of visually impaired and sighted students. Participants included 171 students affiliated with ONCE (the National Spanish Organization for the Blind) and 163 sighted students, ranging from 8 to 27 years of age, who responded to the Spanish adaptation (González, Torregrosa, & Navas, 2002) of the goals questionnaire created by Hayamizu, Ito, and Yohiazaki (1989) and Hayamizu and Weiner (1991). Factor analysis indicated that goals varied among these students and that new ones arose in this study; furthermore, the model remained invariable regardless of students' status (visually impaired versus sighted). Cluster analysis revealed three distinct profiles in terms of academic goals, while discriminant function analysis suggested these profiles vary as a function of students' status (visually impaired versus sighted). It seems that visually impaired students hold more learning-oriented academic goals.

scholarly journals Cohort effect on discriminant rate: the case of greater flamingo (<i>Phœnicopterus roseus</i>) chicks sexed with morphological characters

Web Ecology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-159
Author(s):  
Abdennour Boucheker ◽  
Riad Nedjah ◽  
Roger Prodon ◽  
Mark Gillingham ◽  
François-Xavier Dechaume-Moncharmont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Discriminant Function Analysis ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Cohort Effect ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Genetic Determination ◽  
One Year ◽  
Breeding Seasons ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Abstract. We used a large dataset of greater flamingo chicks banded and measured at Camargue, France, to verify the applicability of discriminant function analysis to sex this species. Males and females sexed genetically differed significantly in all of the morphological characters measured (body mass, tarsus and wing length), with males being significantly larger than females. Although the discriminant rate varied substantially from one year to another, we found that it increased with the sample size of genetically sexed individuals. Our results suggest that discriminant function analysis (DFA) does not provide an efficient tool to sex greater flamingo chicks as these relationship are highly variable across years, requiring the genetic determination of sex on a large number of individuals every year for calibrating the DFA and still providing an overall low accuracy in sex determination. Indeed, conditions at breeding seasons can vary between years and can be considered proximate causes affecting the correct discriminant rate. Like previous studies, we recommend caution in dealing with discriminant equations computed from small datasets, and our simulation suggests that 325 genetically sexed individuals are needed to obtain 80 % correctly classified greater flamingo chicks.

scholarly journals A New Postclassic Chronology for Yautepec, Morelos

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy S. Hare ◽  
Michael E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Discriminant Function Analysis ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Postclassic Period ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
Late Postclassic ◽  
Yautepec Valley ◽  
Calendar Dates

AbstractWe describe the derivation of a new archaeological chronology for the Postclassic period at Yautepec, Morelos. We first apply cluster analysis to ceramic type frequencies for 47 excavated contexts to identify groups of related ceramic collections. This classification is then extended to several hundred additional collections using discriminant-function analysis. The groups are evaluated successfully against stratigraphy and radiocarbon dates, resulting in their designation as chronological phases. Radiocarbon determinations are then used to assign calendar dates to the phases. The new chronology consists of one Middle Postclassic phase (Pochtla), two Late Postclassic phases (Atlan, Molotla), and one Early Colonial phase (Santiago). We also explore issues concerning the extension of this chronology to other Postclassic sites in the Yautepec Valley.

scholarly journals A MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF HYLARANA SIGNATA GROUP (PREVIOUSLY KNOWN AS RANA SIGNATA AND RANA PICTURATA) OF MALAYSIA

2012 ◽  
Vol 09 ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAMLAH ZAINUDIN ◽  
SITI NURLYDIA SAZALI
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Discriminant Function Analysis ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
Program Version

A study on morphometrical variations of Malaysian Hylarana signata group was conducted to reveal the morphological relationships within the species group. Twenty-seven morphological characters from 18 individuals of H. signata and H. picturata were measured and recorded. The numerical data were analysed using Discriminant Function Analysis in SPSS program version 16.0 and UPGMA Cluster Analysis in Minitab program version 14.0. The results show the complexity clustering between the examined species that might be due to ancient polymorphism of the lineages or cryptic species within the group. Hence, further study should include more representatives in order to fully elucidate the morphological relationships of H. signata group.

scholarly journals Influence of sex, age, and education on mood profile clusters

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0245341
Author(s):  
Peter C. Terry ◽  
Renée L. Parsons-Smith ◽  
Rachel King ◽  
Victoria R. Terry
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Discriminant Function Analysis ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Heterogeneous Sample ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Education Status ◽  
Mood Scale

In the area of mood profiling, six distinct profiles are reported in the literature, termed the iceberg, inverse iceberg, inverse Everest, shark fin, surface, and submerged profiles. We investigated if the prevalence of the six mood profiles varied by sex, age, and education among a large heterogeneous sample. The Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) was completed via the In The Mood website by 15,692 participants. A seeded k-means cluster analysis was used to confirm the six profiles, and discriminant function analysis was used to validate cluster classifications. Significant variations in the prevalence of mood profiles by sex, age, and education status were confirmed. For example, females more frequently reported negative mood profiles than males, and older and more highly educated participants had a higher prevalence of the iceberg profile than their younger and lesser educated counterparts. Findings suggest that refinement of the existing tables of normative data for the BRUMS should be considered.

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