Systematics of the Ameerega rubriventris complex (Anura: Dendrobatidae) with descriptions of two new cryptic species from the East-Andean versant of Peru

We describe two new species of poison frog from central and southern Peru that have been referred to as Ameerega picta, A. hahneli, or A. altamazonica throughout the past thirty years. Our phylogenies generated with genomic data provide strong support that the two new species are successive sisters to two described taxa, A. rubriventris and A. altamazonica, and collectively comprise the Ameerega rubriventris complex. The first new taxon, Ameerega panguana sp. nov., can be distinguished from all other Ameerega by its combination of a unique white venter and an advertisement call of 1–2 notes per second. The second new taxon, Ameerega imasmari sp. nov., is the only cryptically colored Ameerega species that is disttributed across the Fitzcarrald Arch in Southern Peru which possesses a ‘peep’ advertisement call consisting of 3–4 notes per second and a dominant frequency of 4.3–4.5 kHz. Within the Ameerega rubriventris complex, we observed differences between species in their ventral coloration, tympanum diameter, and call, which suggest that these taxa are reproductively isolated from each other.

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Systematics of the Hyloxalus bocagei complex (Anura: Dendrobatidae), description of two new cryptic species, and recognition of H. maculosus

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2711.1.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2711 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

MÓNICA I. PÁEZ-VACAS ◽

LUIS A. COLOMA ◽

JUAN C. SANTOS

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Cryptic Species ◽

Amazon Basin ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Dominant Frequency ◽

Molecular Systematic ◽

Morphometric Characters ◽

Two New Species ◽

Close Relationship

The bocagei clade is a species complex of dendrobatid frogs evidenced from recent molecular systematic studies. This lineage is endemic to the eastern Andean slopes and adjacent Amazonian lowlands in southern Colombia, Ecuador and northern Peru. Herein, we analyze the taxonomy of the bocagei clade by means of qualitative and quantitative morphological characters and call parameters. We recognize and provide accounts for six species: Hyloxalus bocagei, H. faciopunctulatus, H. maculosus, H. sauli and two new species. We also provide phylogeographic data. We formally assign the name of Hyloxalus bocagei only to populations from the surroundings of Volcán Reventador (Provincia Napo, Ecuador). Additionally, we describe the tadpoles of Hyloxalus bocagei, H. maculosus, and two new species, plus vocalizations of H. bocagei, H. maculosus, H. sauli, and two new species. Morphological variation was estimated from 16 morphometric characters using multivariate analysis. Adults of the two new species were indistinguishable using quantitative and qualitatively morphological characters. Nevertheless, molecular data, call parameters (dominant frequency, note repetition rate), and tadpole morphology supported the recognition of these two species as cryptic taxa. A current phylogenetic tree using molecular characters of five species of the bocagei clade is also provided including the maximum likelihood (ML) phylogeny and a chronogram of the group. Our phylogeny confirms the close relationship of members of the bocagei clade with Andean relatives of Hyloxalus and recurrent dispersal events from the Andes to the Amazon Basin in the late Miocene (< 10 MYA). Our data also corroborate that the sister lineage of bocagei clade includes the Andean H. subpunctatus clade. We anticipate that further detailed morphological and molecular data will be necessary to reveal the existence of additional cryptic species within the bocagei clade.

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New species and record of Pseudonereis (Annelida, Polychaeta, Nereididae) from Taiwan

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4996.3.4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4996 (3) ◽

pp. 492-512

Author(s):

PAN-WEN HSUEH

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

New Record ◽

Length Ratio ◽

Offshore Island ◽

The Past ◽

New Record Species ◽

Ridge Pattern ◽

Two New Species ◽

First Time ◽

Key Characters

Two new species and one new record species of the genus Pseudonereis are described from specimens collected from ecological surveys of coasts of Taiwan and an offshore island during the past 15 years: P. jihueiensis n. sp., P. kihawensis n. sp., and P. trimaculata. Epitokes of P. jihueiensis n. sp. and P. trimaculata are also described. Pseudonereis jihueiensis n. sp. can be distinguished from congeners by having edentate jaws, χ-shaped ridge pattern of Areas VI–V–VI, parapodial morphology (i.e., length ratio of dorsal cirrus to dorsal ligule or presence of small pennant-like dorsal ligule, shape of dorsal ligule in certain region of chaetigers), and no heterogomph spinigers in the subacicular fascicle of the neuropodia. Pseudonereis kihawensis n. sp. differs from congeners by having crescent-shaped pointed-bars in Area VI, λ-shaped ridge pattern of Areas VI–V–VI, parapodial morphology (i.e., length ratio of dorsal cirrus to dorsal ligule or presence of small pennant-like dorsal ligule or shape of dorsal ligule in certain region of chaetigers), and no heterogomph spinigers in the subacicular fascicle of the neuropodia. Pseudonereis trimaculata, a species originally described from Indonesia, is reported from Taiwan for the first time. A table of key characters for all species of Pseudonereis is provided.

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A new species of Leptodactylus Fitzinger (Anura, Leptodactylidae) from Serra do Brigadeiro, State of Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.1861.1.4 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1861 (1) ◽

pp. 44 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

ULISSES CARAMASCHI ◽

RENATO N. FEIO ◽

VINÍCIUS A. SÃO-PEDRO

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Color Pattern ◽

Dominant Frequency ◽

Species Group ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Advertisement Call ◽

Large Size ◽

O 31 ◽

A New Species

A new species of Leptodactylus belonging to the L. fuscus species group, and related to the L. mystaceus complex, is described from the Lagoa das Bromélias (20 o 53’S, 42 o 31’W; 1,227 m above sea level), Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro, Municipality of Ervália, State of Minas Gerais, Southeastern Brazil. Leptodactylus cupreus sp. nov. is characterized by the large size for the group (SVL 50.1–55.1 mm in males) and color pattern. The new species has a non-pulsed advertisement call, with call rate about 12 calls/s and a dominant frequency between 2,800 and 3,058 Hz.

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Two new species of Acontias (Acontinae, Scincidae) from the Mpumalanga Highveld escarpment of South Africa

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4429.1.3 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4429 (1) ◽

pp. 89 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

WERNER CONRADIE ◽

THEO BUSSCHAU ◽

SHELLEY EDWARDS

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

New Species ◽

Cryptic Species ◽

Biodiversity Hotspot ◽

Two New Species ◽

Disjunct Populations ◽

African Genus ◽

Distinguishing Character

The African genus of fossorial legless lizards (Acontias Cuvier) currently comprises 26 species and subspecies. In a recent study on the two disjunct populations of Acontias breviceps Essex, the presence of cryptic species was discovered. Here, we increase the sampling size and describe these disjunct populations from the Mpumalanga Escarpment of South Africa as new species. The new species differ from congeners based on a combination of factors, including the number of midbody, ventral, and subcaudal scale counts, ventral pigmentation, allopatric distributions, and genetic divergences. The new species are genetically distant from nominal A. breviceps, with which it shares overall pigmentation and scalation. The new description adds to the growing number of Mpumalanga escarpment endemic reptiles, and highlights the area as a biodiversity hotspot. The use of vertebral counts as a distinguishing character between species is briefly discussed.

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Two new species of Platymantis (Anura: Ranidae) from New Britain

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.1485.1.2 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 1485 (1) ◽

pp. 13-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

FRED KRAUS ◽

ALLEN ALLISON

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Leaf Litter ◽

Sibling Species ◽

Ecological Diversity ◽

The Past ◽

Two New Species ◽

New Britain ◽

Fossorial Species

We redescribe the poorly known Platymantis akarithymus and describe two new species of this terrestrial frog genus from the Nakanai Mts. of eastern New Britain Island. All are small inhabitants of the leaf litter. Discovery of the two new species increases the known diversity of the genus on New Britain to 15 species, ten of which we routinely found to occur in syntopy. The two new fossorial species are diminutive and extend the morphological and ecological diversity seen in this assemblage. Several pairs of apparent sibling species are found on New Britain and these are likely the result of geological events that have divided the island into smaller islands in the past. We anticipate that further sibling species will be discovered once the Whiteman Range of western New Britain is properly explored.

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A new species of Amazonian snouted treefrog (Hylidae:Scinax) with description of a novel species-habitat association for an aquatic breeding frog

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.4321 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. e4321 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Miquéias Ferrão ◽

Rafael de Fraga ◽

Jiří Moravec ◽

Igor L. Kaefer ◽

Albertina P. Lima

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Species Abundance ◽

Dominant Frequency ◽

Lateral View ◽

Habitat Associations ◽

Brown Spot ◽

Advertisement Call ◽

Habitat Association ◽

Dark Brown Spot ◽

A New Species

The genusScinaxis one of the most specious genera of treefrogs of the family Hylidae. Despite the high number of potential new species ofScinaxrevealed in recent studies, the rate of species descriptions for Amazonia has been low in the last decade. A potential cause of this low rate may be the existence of morphologically cryptic species. Describing new species may not only impact the taxonomy and systematics of a group of organisms but also benefit other fields of biology. Ecological studies conducted in megadiverse regions, such as Amazonia, often meet challenging questions concerning insufficient knowledge of organismal alpha taxonomy. Due to that, detecting species-habitat associations is dependent on our ability to properly identify species. In this study, we first provide a description of a new species (including its tadpoles) of the genusScinaxdistributed along heterogeneous landscapes in southern Amazonia; and secondly assess the influence of environmental heterogeneity on the new species’ abundance and distribution.Scinax ruberoculatussp. nov. differs from all nominal congeners by its small size (SVL 22.6–25.9 mm in males and 25.4–27.5 mm in females), by having a dark brown spot on the head and scapular region shaped mainly like the mothCopiopteryx semiramis(or a human molar in lateral view, or a triangle), bicolored reddish and grey iris, snout truncate in dorsal view, bilobate vocal sac in males, by its advertisement call consisting of a single pulsed note with duration of 0.134–0.331 s, 10–23 pulses per note, and dominant frequency 1,809–1,895 Hz. Both occurrence and abundance of the new species are significantly influenced by silt content in the soil. This finding brings the first evidence that edaphic factors influence species-habitat association in Amazonian aquatic breeding frogs.

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A new species of Scinax (Anura: Hylidae) from Rocky Montane Fields in Southeastern and Central Brazil

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2269.1.4 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2269 (1) ◽

pp. 53-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

ADRIANA PUGLIESE ◽

DÉLIO BAÊTA ◽

JOSÉ P. POMBAL, JR.

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Dominant Frequency ◽

Lateral View ◽

Brown Spot ◽

Inguinal Region ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Medium Size ◽

Advertisement Call ◽

Tree Frog ◽

A New Species

We describe a new species of tree frog of the Scinax ruber clade from rocky field mountains in the states of Goiás and Minas Gerais in central and southeastern Brazil. Scinax rogerioi sp. nov. is characterized by medium size (SVL males 25.0–35.6 mm; females 28.0–34.5 mm); snout protruding in lateral view and almost subovoid in dorsal view; loreal region concave; adhesive discs on fingers medium-sized, wider than long; interrupted, irregular dark brown blotches on dorsum from behind eyes to inguinal region from head to inguinal region; inverted brown triangular interocular blotch; brown spot in loreal region; advertisement call is a multipulsed note, with 6 to 12 pulses (interval between pulses 0.02 to 0.03s), and a dominant frequency of 1.38 to 3.19 kHz. Description of the advertisement call and data on natural history are provided.

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A new, high-elevation glassfrog (Anura: Centrolenidae) from Manu National Park, southern Peru

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.3388.1.5 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3388 (1) ◽

pp. 56 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

ALESSANDRO CATENAZZI ◽

RUDOLF VON MAY ◽

EDGAR LEHR ◽

GIUSSEPE GAGLIARDI-URRUTIA ◽

JUAN M. GUAYASAMIN

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

National Park ◽

Cloud Forest ◽

High Elevation ◽

Advertisement Call ◽

Similar Species ◽

Southern Peru ◽

Northern Peru ◽

Manu National Park ◽

A New Species

We describe a new species of glassfrog from the cloud forest of Manu National Park, southern Peru, at elevations of 2750–2800m. The new species is similar in morphology to Centrolene lemniscatum, which occurs in northern Peru at elevations of2000–2280 m. Both species have white labial stripes, humeral spines, and lack vomerine teeth. The new species differs from C.lemniscatum by its larger size, labial stripe extending into a distinct lateral stripe instead of a discontinuous lateral stripe, snoutprofile inclined anteroventrally instead of bluntly rounded, greater depression in the internarial area, and by having stronglyprotruding nostrils. Males of the new species emit long calls with 8–14 peaked notes, instead of a short tonal note in C. lemnis-catum. Another morphologically similar species, C. buckleyi, has a short advertisement call composed of 1–5 notes, and isgenetically distinct from the new species. This new Centrolene extends the known distribution of Centrolene to the south by 600 km, and is the southernmost species of this genus.

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Modiomytilus, a new mytilid bivalve from the Tertiary of southern Patagonia

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1017/s002233600001859x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 64 (3) ◽

pp. 377-382 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Miguel Griffin

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Adductor Muscle ◽

New Taxon ◽

Santa Cruz ◽

Southern Patagonia ◽

Two New Species

Modiomytilus n. gen. is described from Tertiary sediments exposed in the southwestern corner of Santa Cruz province (Argentina). This large mytilid is characterized by its ornamentation of strong comarginal undulations, its smooth ligamentary ridge, and its relatively large anterior adductor muscle. Two new species are assigned to it: Modiomytilus argentinensis n. sp., from the Centinela Formation (Miocene) south of Lago Argentino, and Modiomytilus mercerati n. sp., from the Río Turbio Formation (Eocene) in Sierra Dorotea. Although other species belonging to this new taxon and previously referred to Mytilus have been described from Tertiary sediments in the region, none are known so far from rocks of comparable age outside Patagonia.

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A new species of Ischnocnema Reinhardt and Lütken, 1862 (Anura: Brachycephalidae) of the I. lactea species series from southeastern Brazil

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4706.4.3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4706 (4) ◽

pp. 531-545 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

PEDRO P. G. TAUCCE ◽

BÁRBARA F. ZAIDAN ◽

HUSSAM ZAHER ◽

PAULO C. A. GARCIA

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Dorsal Surface ◽

Lateral View ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Medium Size ◽

Advertisement Call ◽

Mountain Range ◽

The Past ◽

A New Species ◽

High Support

We describe a new species of Ischnocnema from the Serra da Bocaina mountain range, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, based on morphological, bioacoustic, and mtDNA data. The new species is retrieved with high support values within the I. lactea species series as the sister species of I. spanios. Ischnocnema bocaina sp. nov. is characterized by its medium size (18.6–19.0 mm), a smooth venter, a rounded snout in dorsal view and acuminate in lateral view, a slightly expanded subgular, single vocal sac, a round and whitish, poorly-developed glandular-appearing nuptial pad on the dorsal surface of the thumb, and a nonpulsed advertisement call with 9 to 18 notes. We raise to 38 the number of Ischnocnema species, the 12th described in the past 10 years.

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