scholarly journals Qorimayus, a new genus of relictual, high-altitude harvestmen from western Argentina (Arachnida, Opiliones, Gonyleptidae) reveals trans-Andean phylogenetic links

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4722 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-156
Author(s):  
LUIS E. ACOSTA ACOSTA
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Systematic Relationship ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Phylogenetic Affinities ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Ventral Process

A new genus of Gonyleptidae Pachylinae, Qorimayus gen. nov., is described to place the high-altitude species originally named Parabalta alticola Ringuelet, endemic to Sierra de Famatina, western Argentina. While classical exomorphological features do not separate this new genus from Parabalta Roewer or Pachyloides Holmberg (to which the species was formerly combined), male genitalic features, especially the shape of the ventral process of stylus, differ clearly. In turn, penis morphology suggests the systematic relationship of Qorimayus gen. nov. with the Chilean genera Metabalta Roewer and Nanophareus Roewer. A cladistic analysis was performed to test the phylogenetic affinities of the new genus; 28 terminals were used, comprising selected species of Parabalta, Pachyloides, Metabalta and Nanophareus, as well as other Gonyleptidae to represent the ‘subtropical’ and the ‘Chilean’ opiliofaunistic elements; the most external outgroups included one cosmetid, one metasarcid and one nomoclastid. Results supported the recognition of Qorimayus as an independent genus, and its close relationship with the Chilean genera Metabalta and Nanophareus. A detailed redescription of Qorimayus alticola comb. nov., along with some habitat notes are given. The presumed zoogeographical links of this endemic species with the central Chilean opiliofauna are briefly discussed. 

A new genus of the subtribe Hermanellina (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Atalophlebiinae) from Northern Brazil with accounts on the systematics of the group

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-488
Author(s):  
Frederico F. Salles ◽  
Rafael Boldrini
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Systematic Relationship ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Relationship Of

A new taxon of Hermanellonota or subtribe Hermanellina (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Atalophlebiinae) was found from Northern Brazil, in the limits of Pacaraima in Brazil and Santa Helena de Uairén in Venezuela. While nymphs of this taxon are similar to those of the genus Farrodes, the adults could not be assigned to any of the genera included in the group. In order to clarify the systematic relationship of this taxon and to provide a reliable hypothesis concerning its generic placement, we analyzed it using an available matrix from the literature and performed a new cladistic analysis. As a result we describe Rondophlebia rubra gen. nov. et sp. nov. sister to the Perissophlebiodes complex + Hermanella complex. Our analyses also shed new insights on the systematics of Hermanellonota.

Two new species of Roccellaceae (Ascomycota: Arthoniales) from Brazil, with the description of the new genus Sergipea

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 627-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
André APTROOT ◽  
Damien ERTZ ◽  
Edvaneide Leandro de LIMA ◽  
Katia Almeida de JESUS ◽  
Leonor Costa MAIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Generic Type ◽  
Bright Orange ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Basal Branch ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
A New Species

AbstractThe new lichen genus Sergipea M. Cáceres, Ertz & Aptroot is described in the Roccellaceae, based on the new species Sergipea aurata M. Cáceres, Ertz & Aptroot from NE Brazil. The species was found in a remnant of Atlantic transition forest in Sergipe. It is similar in many respects to species of the genus Enterographa, but it is characterized by bright orange stromata, due to the presence of an anthraquinone, and a thallus with a somewhat byssoid hypothallus. Phylogenetically it is close to the genera Dichosporidium and Erythrodecton. The phylogenetic position of the generic type of Dichosporidium confirms the close relationship of the genus to Erythrodecton in the basal branch of the Roccellaceae. A new species of Enterographa is also described from NE Brazil. Enterographa rotundata E. L. Lima, M. Cáceres & Aptroot has solitary, round apothecia, which is unusual in this genus with mainly elongated apothecia or punctiform apothecia arranged in lines. It was found in Caatinga forest in Pernambuco.

A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES FROM ALASKA (LEPID., ARCTIIDAE, NYCTEMERINAE)

1935 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 195-197
Author(s):  
Foster H. Benjamin
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
National Museum ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

In handling some miscellaneous material belonging to the U. S. National Museum the writer noticed a unique specimen of a new genus and species of much interest as presenting additioiial evidence of the close relationship of those two large and important families, the Arctiidae and the Lymantriidae. A similar specimen, submitted by Dr. J. McDunnough, has served to amplify the descriptions.

The phylogeny of the Hydroporinae and classification of the genus Peschetius Guignot, 1942 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Wolfe ◽  
Kelly Miller ◽  
Olof Biström
Keyword(s):  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe phylogeny of the Hydroporinae is investigated in a cladistic analysis emphasizing placement of the genus Peschetius Guignot, historically placed in the tribe Hydroporini. Sixty-nine adult and larval morphological characters were coded for 61 species of Hydroporinae representing eight of the nine tribes. Cladistic analysis of the data resulted in 396 most parsimonious cladograms (length = 176, CI = 46, RI = 80). The results indicate that the genus Peschetius is the sister group to the tribe Bidessini based mainly on an unambiguous character, the presence of a prominent internal spermathecal spine, and several other more ambiguous or homoplasious characters. The tribe Bidessini is expanded to include the genus Peschetius, and it is formally transferred from the tribe Hydroporini. Other results indicating interesting relationships of tribes and genera within Hydroporinae are also discussed. Results include; 1) a dramatically paraphyletic Hydroporini with Laccornellus Roughley and Wolfe, Canthyporus Zimmermann and Hydrocolus Roughley and Larson in basal positions within the phylogeny, 2) Hydrovatus Motschulsky and Queda Sharp resolved as sister groups and not closely related to Methlini van den Branden, 3) support for close relationship of Pachydrus Sharp (Pachydrini Biström, Nilsson and Wewalka) with Hyphydrini Sharp, 4) paraphyly of Hygrotus Stephens sensu lato with the relationship H. (Coelambus) Thomson + (Hygrotus sensus stricto + Hydrovatini)) suggesting recognition of Coelambus and Hygrotus as separate genera, 5) close relationship between the Australian genera of Hydroporini and Hyphydrini and 6) the nesting of Vatellini within a group of Hydroporini.

Yanomamius n. gen., a new genus of tarantula from Brazilian and Venezuelan Amazon (Araneae, Theraphosidae), with description of three new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4933 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-340
Author(s):  
ROGÉRIO BERTANI ◽  
MARLUS QUEIROZ ALMEIDA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Compact Group ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Distal Tibia ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Relationship Of

The new genus Yanomamius n. gen. from Brazilian and Venezuelan Amazon is described, with three new species from Brazil: Y. franciscoi n. sp. (type species), Y. raonii n. sp., and Y. neblina n. sp. The enigmatic Venezuelan species described as Holothele waikoshiemi Bertani & Araújo, 2006 and presently included in Guyruita Guadanucci et al. (2007) is transferred to the new genus, making the new combination Y. waikoshiemi (Bertani & Araújo, 2006) n. comb. Yanomamius n. gen. is closely related with the schismatotheline genera Schismatothele Karsch, 1879 and Euthycaelus Simon, 1889 sharing as probable synapomorphies a group of short spines on the retrolateral distal tibia of male palp and the shape of bulb. They differ by the position of the spines in a compact group instead of in rows and by a tapering embolus. Females differ from Schismatothele and Euthycaelus by the spermathecae weakly sclerotized. A series of recent phylogenies based on molecular data suggested a close relationship between schimatothelines and psalmopoeines. The male tibia I of Yanomamius n. gen. species have a series of ridges or a single protuberance behind the tibial apophyses that resemble those of psalmopoeines and strengthen the idea of close relationship of the two subfamilies. 

Laxotela - a new genus of Therevidae (Diptera) from Australia

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Irwin ◽  
Shaun L. Winterton
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

AbstractLaxotela gen. n. is described and figured from Australia, with five new species: L. gaimarii sp. n., L. hauseri sp. n., L. holstoni sp. n., L. metzi sp. n. and L. whitei sp. n. We conducted a cladistic analysis of all species of Laxotela gen. n. and Belonalys occulta (White). The phylogenetic relationships of Laxotela gen. n. and the sister group relationship of Laxotela gen. n. to Belonalys are discussed.

Hind limb osteology of Gracilisuchus stipanicicorum (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia)

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lecuona ◽  
J. B. Desojo
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Head ◽  
Hind Limb ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Pelvic Girdle ◽  
The Other ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
New Information ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Phylogenetic Affinities ◽  
Relationship Of

ABSTRACTGracilisuchus stipanicicorum Romer, 1972, from the Middle-Late Triassic of the Ischigualasto–Villa Unión Basin of Argentina, is an extinct pseudosuchian archosaur on the stem to Crocodylomorpha. The pelvic girdle and hind limb anatomy of a referred specimen of Gracilisuchus stipanicicorum is described and compared with that from a broad range of archosauriform taxa, including basal members such as crurotarsans and basal ornithodirans. The description of this specimen reveals new information on the anatomy of the pelvic girdle and hind limb of Gracilisuchus, through a detailed examination of some anatomical regions barely or not previously described, as well as reinterpretations of previous features. The phylogenetic affinities of Gracilisuchus within the Archosauria remain to be tested, but Gracilisuchus shares two putative synapomorphies with some non-crocodyliform crocodylomorphs, providing tentative support for the monophyly of Sphenosuchia (e.g., Sereno & Wild 1992; Wu & Chatterjee 1993) and the close relationship of Gracilisuchus to that clade. These characteristics are: (i) the morphology and poor development of the femoral fourth trochanter, closely resembling the condition of Pseudhesperosuchus and Trialestes; and (ii) a poor anterior development of the femoral head, shared with Pseudhesperosuchus. On the other hand there are characters that reject the inclusion of Gracilisuchus within Crocodylomorpha (Nesbitt 2011), such as the absence of an imperforated acetabulum, and that rather suggests a sister-taxon position to Crocodylomorpha.

Phylogenetic analysis of the genus Orthaea Dallas (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Rhyparochromidae: Rhyparochrominae: Myodochini), and the description of a closely related new genus and species of Myodochini

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Montemayor ◽  
Pablo Dellapé
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Parsimonious Tree ◽  
Phylogenetic Affinities ◽  
First Time

AbstractA new genus and species from Brazil, oraea brasiliensis, is described and illustrated, and its phylogenetic affinities are discussed. The genus oraea is diagnosed by the V-shaped buccular juncture, the presence of jugal ridge, evaporative area extensive, mesepimeron barely emergent, male protibia and mesofemur spinose, posterior pronotal lobe with four rounded yellowish macula, unspined aedeagus with two vesical lobes and the gonoporal process enlarged distally. The male of Orthaea meloae Dellapé & Montemayor is described, and the male genitalia of O. meloae and O. alveusincola Harrington are also described and illustrated; O. consuta Dallas is recorded for the first time from Belize, O. meloae from Panama, and O. montana Dellapé & Montemayor from Bolivia. A cladistic analysis of the species of Orthaea Dallas is performed. One most parsimonious tree was obtained, with the following topology: (Myodocha serripes ((Heraeus triguttatus, Paisana brachialis) (oraea brasiliensis (O. consuta ((O. procincta, O. montana) (O. alveusincola, O. meloae)))))). Orthaea was recovered as monophyletic supported by seven synapomorphies.

Marayniocus martensi, a new genus and a new species of Peruvian harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones: Gonyleptidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1325 (1) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUIS E. ACOSTA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Peruvian Andes ◽  
High Altitude Grasslands ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Ventral Process

A new genus and a new species of Gonyleptidae (Pachylinae) from the Peruvian Andes, Marayniocus martensi, are described. The generic distinction is primarily based on the male genitalia, especially the ventral process of the stylus, which is fan-shaped and bears an acute ventral apophysis; such a structure has no parallel among other Andean pachylines. Exomorphological and genital differences between Marayniocus gen. n. and the Andean genera Acrographinotus, Junicus, Punagraphinotus, Palcapachylus, Tarmapachylus and Pichitus are discussed. The new species has been collected in high altitude grasslands south of the Chanchamayo basin, on the eastern Andean slopes of central Peru.

Larvae and relationships of the Calymenina (Trilobita)

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. E. Chatterton ◽  
D. J. Siveter ◽  
G. D. Edgecombe ◽  
A. S. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Low Latitude ◽  
Growth Series ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Life History Patterns ◽  
Devonian Age ◽  
Relationship Of

Up to four discrete protaspid larval stages are described for calymenid trilobites of Ordovician to Devonian age. The earliest growth stages are nonadult-like planktonic protaspides; later protaspides are adult-like and benthonic. In contrast, the related homalonotid trilobites apparently lack planktonic protaspides, but have up to two large benthonic protaspid stages that are similar in form to calymenid benthonic protaspides. These differences in life history patterns between these families are reflected in their paleobiogeographic distributions. Calymenids werre widely dispersed from Ordovician to Devonian times, both being common in warm, low latitude provinces (particularly from the Late Ordovician onwards) and well represented in cooler, higher latitude regions. The paleogeographic distribution of the homalonotids during the Ordovician (Arenig to the Ashgill) was concentrated in high paleolatitudes, with only a few forms occurring at low paleolatitudes (often in deeper, cooler environments?). Both families survived the Ordovician–Silurian mass extinction, with the calymenids again being widely dispersed but the homalonotids being best represented in the cool-water Malvinokaffric Province and in other regions where they are largely restricted to clastic facies.So few complete growth series of calymenine trilobites are known that it is unlikely that the ontogenies of taxa that form parts of ancestor–descendant clades can be identified. However, some evidence for heterochronic, particularly paedomorphic (neotenic), evolution is suggested for larval stages of members of both the Calymenidae and the Homalonotidae. Such possible neotenic evolution leading to very large planktonic larval stages of calymenid trilobites during the Devonian could have enhanced dispersal during a period of widespread warm and equable climates. Comparisons of homalonotid protaspides with equivalent stages of calymenids support the close relationship of these families within the Calymenina. A data matrix based upon characters of protaspides of two calymenine trilobites (Flexicalymene Shirley, 1936, and Brongniartella Reed, 1918) and eight other trilobites, belonging to the Phacopina (Calyptaulax), Cheirurina (Physemataspis and Hyrokybe), Proetida (Scharyia), Lichida (Acanthopyge), Odontopleurida (Diacanthaspis), Corynexochida (Bathyuriscus), and Ptychopariida (Crassifimbra) was subjected to cladistic analysis using the parsimony program “Hennig 86.” The shortest length cladogram produced is consistent with the inclusion of the Homalonotidae in the Calymenina, and inclusion of the Calymenina in the order Phacopida. “Cheirurina” is the paraphyletic “stem group” of Phacopina. The hypothesis that Lonchocephalidae is most closely related to part of post-Cambrian Phacopida is poorly supported by protaspid characters.

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