Smooth pursuit operates over perceived not physical positions of the double-drift stimulus

OBJECTIVEMigraine history has recently been identified as a risk factor for concussion and recovery. The authors performed a cross-sectional study examining baseline outcome measures on newly developed and implemented concussion assessment tools in pediatrics. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of premorbid, diagnosed migraine headaches as a risk factor on vestibular and oculomotor baseline assessment in pediatric athletes.METHODSPediatric athletes between the ages of 8 and 14 years with a diagnosed history of migraine headache (n = 28) and matched controls without a history of diagnosed migraine headache (n = 28) were administered a baseline concussion assessment battery, consisting of the Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS), near point of convergence (NPC), and the King-Devick (K-D) tests. Between-groups comparisons were performed for vestibular symptoms and provocation scores on the VOMS (smooth pursuit, saccades, convergence, vestibular/ocular reflex, visual motion sensitivity), NPC (average distance), and K-D (time).RESULTSIndividuals diagnosed with migraine headaches reported greater VOMS smooth pursuit scores (p = 0.02), convergence scores (p = 0.04), vestibular ocular reflex scores (p value range 0.002–0.04), and visual motion sensitivity scores (p = 0.009). Differences were also observed on K-D oculomotor performance with worse times in those diagnosed with migraine headache (p = 0.02). No differences were reported on NPC distance (p = 0.06) or headache symptom reporting (p = 0.07) prior to the VOMS assessment.CONCLUSIONSPediatric athletes diagnosed with migraine headaches reported higher baseline symptom provocation scores on the VOMS. Athletes with migraine headaches also performed worse on the K-D test, further illustrating the influence of premorbid migraine headaches as a risk factor for elevated concussion assessment outcomes at baseline. Special consideration may be warranted for post-concussion assessment in athletes with migraine headaches.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of The role of the frontal pursuit area in learning in smooth pursuit eye movements.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1019634.223435 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

Dora Angelaki

Keyword(s):

Eye Movements ◽

Smooth Pursuit ◽

Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements ◽

Pursuit Eye Movements

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Pharmacological Studies of Smooth Pursuit and Antisaccade Eye Movements in Schizophrenia: Current Status and Directions for Future Research

Current Neuropharmacology ◽

10.2174/1570159033477017 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 285-300 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Ulrich Ettinger ◽

Veena Kumari

Keyword(s):

Eye Movements ◽

Smooth Pursuit ◽

Current Status ◽

Future Research ◽

Pharmacological Studies

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Role of Primate Cerebellar Hemisphere in Voluntary Eye Movement Control Revealed by Lesion Effects

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.90440.2008 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 101 (2) ◽

pp. 934-947 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Masafumi Ohki ◽

Hiromasa Kitazawa ◽

Takahito Hiramatsu ◽

Kimitake Kaga ◽

Taiko Kitamura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eye Movements ◽

Eye Movement ◽

Smooth Pursuit ◽

Movement Control ◽

Cerebellar Hemisphere ◽

Target Velocity ◽

Eye Movement Control ◽

Pursuit Eye Movements ◽

Catch Up

The anatomical connection between the frontal eye field and the cerebellar hemispheric lobule VII (H-VII) suggests a potential role of the hemisphere in voluntary eye movement control. To reveal the involvement of the hemisphere in smooth pursuit and saccade control, we made a unilateral lesion around H-VII and examined its effects in three Macaca fuscata that were trained to pursue visually a small target. To the step (3°)-ramp (5–20°/s) target motion, the monkeys usually showed an initial pursuit eye movement at a latency of 80–140 ms and a small catch-up saccade at 140–220 ms that was followed by a postsaccadic pursuit eye movement that roughly matched the ramp target velocity. After unilateral cerebellar hemispheric lesioning, the initial pursuit eye movements were impaired, and the velocities of the postsaccadic pursuit eye movements decreased. The onsets of 5° visually guided saccades to the stationary target were delayed, and their amplitudes showed a tendency of increased trial-to-trial variability but never became hypo- or hypermetric. Similar tendencies were observed in the onsets and amplitudes of catch-up saccades. The adaptation of open-loop smooth pursuit velocity, tested by a step increase in target velocity for a brief period, was impaired. These lesion effects were recognized in all directions, particularly in the ipsiversive direction. A recovery was observed at 4 wk postlesion for some of these lesion effects. These results suggest that the cerebellar hemispheric region around lobule VII is involved in the control of smooth pursuit and saccadic eye movements.

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