THE CHLORIDE, BASE AND NITROGEN CONTENT OF GASTRIC JUICE AFTER HISTAMINE STIMULATION

A study was made of the effects of intravenous infusions of 100-ml hypertonic (ca. 2,400 mosmoles/kg) solutions of NaCl, mannitol, and glucose on blood and gastric juice of five dogs during histamine stimulation. These were compared to control studies in the same dogs in which no infusion was given or in which isotonic NaCl was infused. Hypertonic solutions, regardless of chemical nature, acutely elevated plasma osmolality by 18–24 mosmoles/kg, raised gastric juice [H+] by 7–10 mEq/liter and [Cl–] by 6–9 mEq/liter. The output of volume, H+, Cl–, and pepsin, however, was unaffected. In the light of these findings the osmolality of the gastric mucosa is judged to be isotonic with plasma and extremely sensitive to external osmotic changes.

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Effect of cimetidine on histamine-stimulated gastric acid and electrolytes in dogs

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.1983.244.4.g416 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 244 (4) ◽

pp. G416-G420

Author(s):

B. I. Hirschowitz ◽

E. Molina

Keyword(s):

Acid Secretion ◽

Gastric Acid ◽

Gastric Juice ◽

Gastric Volume ◽

Histamine Stimulation ◽

H2 Receptor ◽

High Doses ◽

Volume Output ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Histamine Binding

Intravenous administration of cimetidine (0.25-2.0 mg X kg-1 X h-1) inhibited histamine-stimulated gastric acid secretion in both intact (Ki = 1.0 mg X kg-1 X h-1) and vagotomized (Ki = 1.75 mg X kg-1 X h-1) dogs. During histamine infusion, all doses of cimetidine reduced gastric volume output; high doses increased gastric juice pepsin and [Na+] and reduced [H+] and [Cl-]. Gastric juice [K+] was not affected during cimetidine infusion. The cimetidine-induced changes in electrolyte concentrations were qualitatively comparable with those observed on withdrawal of histamine stimulation. On termination of cimetidine infusion with continued histamine administration, gastric [K+] and volume output increased immediately, followed 30 min later by an increase in [H+] and a reciprocal decrease in [Na+]; [Cl-] did not recover. The changes in gastric juice electrolytes after termination of cimetidine, with the exception of [Cl-], mimicked the changes observed on initiation of histamine stimulation. These data indicate that the effects of cimetidine may be totally explained by its antagonism of histamine binding to the parietal cell H2-receptor, that vagotomy reduces cimetidine binding to the H2-receptor, and that cimetidine antagonism of histamine is rapidly reversed on removal of the antagonist.

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Chapter VI:CONCENTRATION OF POTASSIUM IN GASTRIC JUICE RECOVERED AFTER HISTAMINE STIMULATION FOLLOWED BY INSULIN STIMULATION

Acta Medica Scandinavica ◽

10.1111/j.0954-6820.1948.tb15104.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 130 (S208) ◽

pp. 78-113

Keyword(s):

Gastric Juice ◽

Insulin Stimulation ◽

Histamine Stimulation

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Nitrogen Content and Total Osmotic Activity of Gastric Juice.

Experimental Biology and Medicine ◽

10.3181/00379727-49-13581 ◽

1942 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 410-415 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

N. Lifson ◽

R. L. Vargo ◽

M. B. Visscher

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Content ◽

Gastric Juice ◽

Osmotic Activity

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STUDIES ON WATER DRINKING

Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1084/jem.12.3.388 ◽

1910 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 388-410 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

C. C. Fowler ◽

P. B. Hawk

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Nitrogen Content ◽

Gastric Juice ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Total Nitrogen Content ◽

Protein Catabolism ◽

Fecal Nitrogen ◽

Water Drinking ◽

Sufficient Magnitude ◽

Urinary Nitrogen

The daily drinking of three liters of water with meals, for a period of five days, by a man twenty-two years of age who was in a condition of nitrogen equilibrium through the ingestion of a uniform diet, was productive of the following findings : 1. An increase in body weight, aggregating two pounds in five days. 2. An increased excretion of urinary nitrogen, the excess nitrogen being mainly in the form of urea, ammonia, and creatine. 3. A decreased excretion of creatinine and the coincident appearance of creatine in the urine. The decreased creatinine output is believed to indicate that the copious water drinking has stimulated protein catabolism. The appearance of creatine is considered evidence that the water has caused a partial muscular disintegration resulting in the release of creatine, but not profound enough to yield the total nitrogen content of the muscle. The output of creatine is, therefore, out of all proportion to the increase in the excretion of total nitrogen. 4. An increased output of ammonia which is interpreted as indicating an increased output of gastric juice. 5. A decreased excretion of feces and of fecal nitrogen, the decrease in the excretion of fecal nitrogen being of sufficient magnitude to secure a lowered excretion of both the bacterial and the non-bacterial nitrogen. 6. A decrease in the quantity of bacteria excreted daily. 7. An increase in the percentage of total nitrogen appearing as bacterial nitrogen. 8. A lower creatinine coefficient. 9. A more economical utilization of the protein constituents of the diet. 10. The general conclusion to be reached as the result of this experiment is to the effect that the drinking of a large amount of water with meals was attended by many desirable and by no undesirable features.

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