A Mobile Method for Measuring Atmospheric Diffusion *

1952 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 188-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Sartor ◽  
I. Katz ◽  
R. E. Katz
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Motion Picture ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Vertical Structure ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Atmospheric Diffusion ◽  
Vital Part

Interest of the radio-meteorologist centers on diffusion because the vertical structure and the non-homogeneity of the atmosphere, in terms of refractive index, play a vital part in radar propagation. A portable method of measuring diffusion consists of lifting smoke-puff generators aloft with tethered balloons, setting off puffs remotely and photographing them with two motion picture cameras. From the resulting records of the areal spread of the smoke and the distance it travels, one may compute values of diffusion coefficients. Preliminary experiments yield data in accord with values published by Sutton.

scholarly journals Statistics of the Optical Turbulence from the Micrometeorological Measurements at the Baykal Astrophysical Observatory Site

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artem Shikhovtsev ◽  
Pavel Kovadlo ◽  
Vladimir Lukin ◽  
Victor Nosov ◽  
Alexander Kiselev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Atmospheric Turbulence ◽  
Vertical Structure ◽  
Structure Characteristic ◽  
Turbulence Structure ◽  
Optical Turbulence ◽  
Wavefront Analysis ◽  
Micrometeorological Measurements

The paper focuses on the investigations of the optical turbulence structure. The distributions of the repeatability of the structure characteristic of the air refractive index are obtained. A scenario of decreasing the intensity of the optical turbulence in the summer is discussed. Numerical estimates of this scenario are given. Using classical methods of wavefront analysis, the results of the first studies of the vertical structure of atmospheric turbulence at the Baykal astrophysical observatory site are presented.

Diffusion coefficients at 25° for the systems water-ε-caprolactam, water-glycine anhydride, and water-glycine anhydride-ε-caprolactam

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jr EL Cussler ◽  
PJ Dunlop
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Ternary System ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Cross Term

Diffusion coefficients, refractive index increments, and solution densities at 25� are reported for the binary systems H2O-glycine anhydride and H2O-ε-caprolactam, and the ternary system H2O-glycine anhydride-ε-caprolactam. The values of the ternary cross-term diffusion coefficients, (D12)V and (D21)V, in Table 2 are not sufficiently large to H O | ||support the idea that hydrogen bonding between the -N-C- groups of ε-caprolactam and glycine anhydride is taking place to an appreciable extent.

Measurement of Curative Diffusion Between Rubbers by Microinterferometry

1969 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 1058-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Brooke Gardiner
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Path Length ◽  
Optical Path Length ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Optical Path ◽  
Reference Area ◽  
Differential Diffusion ◽  
Concentration Diffusion ◽  
And Diffusion

Abstract Diffusion of sulfur and MBTS across interfaces between dissimilar rubbers has been measured by microinterferometry. This technique involves the comparison of optical path length through refractive index gradients, due to diffusion, against that of a reference area. Differential diffusion coefficients are obtained showing considerable change in coefficient with curative concentration. Diffusion of sulfur between NR, SBR, and BR is quite similar to diffusion in the homo-polymer. Butyl rubber has a much lower diffusivity and limits diffusion of a curative from another rubber. The method also can be used for dissolution measurements on curatives. Microinterferometry is particularly useful in obtaining concentration and diffusion data at short distances from an interface.

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