The Campaign on Atmospheric Aerosol Research Network of China: CARE-China

Abstract Based on a network of field stations belonging to the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), the Campaign on Atmospheric Aerosol Research network of China (CARE-China) was recently established as the country’s first monitoring network for the study of the spatiotemporal distribution of aerosol physical characteristics, chemical components, and optical properties, as well as aerosol gaseous precursors. The network comprises 36 stations in total and adopts a unified approach in terms of the instrumentation, experimental standards, and data specifications. This ongoing project is intended to provide an integrated research platform to monitor online PM2.5 concentrations, nine-size aerosol concentrations and chemical component distributions, nine-size secondary organic aerosol (SOA) component distributions, gaseous precursor concentrations (including SO2, NOx, CO, O3, and VOCs), and aerosol optical properties. The data will be used to identify the sources of regional aerosols, the relative contributions from nature and anthropogenic emissions, the formation of secondary aerosols, and the effects of aerosol component distributions on aerosol optical properties. The results will reduce the levels of uncertainty involved in the quantitative assessment of aerosol effects on regional climate and environmental changes and ultimately provide insight into how to mitigate anthropogenic aerosol emissions in China. The present paper provides a detailed description of the instrumentation, methodologies, and experimental procedures used across the network, as well as a case study of observations taken from one station and the distribution of main components of aerosol over China during 2012.

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A Decade of Poland-AOD Aerosol Research Network Observations

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos12121583 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 1583

Author(s):

Krzysztof M. Markowicz ◽

Iwona S. Stachlewska ◽

Olga Zawadzka-Manko ◽

Dongxiang Wang ◽

Wojciech Kumala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Properties ◽

Radiative Forcing ◽

Research Network ◽

Radiative Transfer Model ◽

Chemical Components ◽

Transfer Model ◽

Aerosol Optical Properties ◽

Back Trajectories ◽

Aerosol Model ◽

Aerosol Radiative Forcing

The Poland-AOD aerosol research network was established in 2011 to improve aerosol–climate interaction knowledge and provide a real-time and historical, comprehensive, and quantitative database for the aerosol optical properties distribution over Poland. The network consists of research institutions and private owners operating 10 measurement stations and an organization responsible for aerosol model transport simulations. Poland-AOD collaboration provides observations of spectral aerosol optical depth (AOD), Ångstrom Exponent (AE), incoming shortwave (SW) and longwave (LW) radiation fluxes, vertical profiles of aerosol optical properties and surface aerosol scattering and absorption coefficient, as well as microphysical particle properties. Based on the radiative transfer model (RTM), the aerosol radiative forcing (ARF) and the heating rate are simulated. In addition, results from GEM-AQ and WRF-Chem models (e.g., aerosol mass mixing ratio and optical properties for several particle chemical components), and HYSPLIT back-trajectories are used to interpret the results of observation and to describe the 3D aerosol optical properties distribution. Results of Poland-AOD research indicate progressive improvement of air quality and atmospheric turbidity during the last decade. The AOD was reduced by about 0.02/10 yr (at 550 nm), which corresponds to positive trends in ARF. The estimated clear-sky ARF trend is 0.34 W/m2/10yr and 0.68 W/m2/10yr, respectively, at TOA and at Earth’s surface. Therefore, reduction in aerosol load observed in Poland can significantly contribute to climate warming.

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Atmospheric Aerosol Optical Properties and Climate Change in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions

Climate Change - Research and Technology for Adaptation and Mitigation ◽

10.5772/24842 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Tugjsuren Nasurt

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Optical Properties ◽

Atmospheric Aerosol ◽

Arid Regions ◽

Aerosol Optical Properties ◽

Semi Arid

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Innovative Instrumentation for the Study of Atmospheric Aerosol Optical Properties

Toward a Science Campus in Milan ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-01629-6_5 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 47-56

Author(s):

Vera Bernardoni ◽

Alice C. Forello ◽

Federico Mariani ◽

Bruno Paroli ◽

Marco A. C. Potenza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Properties ◽

Atmospheric Aerosol ◽

Aerosol Optical Properties

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Multi-wavelength polarized reflectance characteristics of plant canopies including atmospheric aerosol optical properties

10.1117/12.804904 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Xinli Hu ◽

Liangfu Chen ◽

Xingfa Gu

Keyword(s):

Optical Properties ◽

Atmospheric Aerosol ◽

Aerosol Optical Properties ◽

Plant Canopies ◽

Multi Wavelength ◽

Polarized Reflectance

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MACv2-SP: a parameterization of anthropogenic aerosol optical properties and an associated Twomey effect for use in CMIP6

Geoscientific Model Development ◽

10.5194/gmd-10-433-2017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 433-452 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Bjorn Stevens ◽

Stephanie Fiedler ◽

Stefan Kinne ◽

Karsten Peters ◽

Sebastian Rast ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Optical Properties ◽

Radiative Forcing ◽

Industrial Emissions ◽

Max Planck ◽

Aerosol Optical Properties ◽

Anthropogenic Aerosol ◽

Aerosol Radiative Forcing ◽

Clear Sky ◽

Aerosol Forcing ◽

Aerosol Radiative

Abstract. A simple plume implementation of the second version (v2) of the Max Planck Institute Aerosol Climatology, MACv2-SP, is described. MACv2-SP provides a prescription of anthropogenic aerosol optical properties and an associated Twomey effect. It was created to provide a harmonized description of post-1850 anthropogenic aerosol radiative forcing for climate modeling studies. MACv2-SP has been designed to be easy to implement, change and use, and thereby enable studies exploring the climatic effects of different patterns of aerosol radiative forcing, including a Twomey effect. MACv2-SP is formulated in terms of nine spatial plumes associated with different major anthropogenic source regions. The shape of the plumes is fit to the Max Planck Institute Aerosol Climatology, version 2, whose present-day (2005) distribution is anchored by surface-based observations. Two types of plumes are considered: one predominantly associated with biomass burning, the other with industrial emissions. These differ in the prescription of their annual cycle and in their optical properties, thereby implicitly accounting for different contributions of absorbing aerosol to the different plumes. A Twomey effect for each plume is prescribed as a change in the host model's background cloud-droplet population density using relationships derived from satellite data. Year-to-year variations in the amplitude of the plumes over the historical period (1850–2016) are derived by scaling the plumes with associated national emission sources of SO2 and NH3. Experiments using MACv2-SP are performed with the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model. The globally and annually averaged instantaneous and effective aerosol radiative forcings are estimated to be −0.6 and −0.5 W m−2, respectively. Forcing from aerosol–cloud interactions (the Twomey effect) offsets the reduction of clear-sky forcing by clouds, so that the net effect of clouds on the aerosol forcing is small; hence, the clear-sky forcing, which is more readily measurable, provides a good estimate of the total aerosol forcing.

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