Seasonal Aspects of an Objective Climatology of Anticyclones Affecting the Mediterranean
Abstract An objective climatology of anticyclones over the greater Mediterranean region is presented based on the Interim ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim) for a 34-yr period (1979–2012) and the Melbourne University automatic identification and tracking algorithm. The scheme’s robustness and reliability for the transient extratropical propagation of anticyclones, with the appropriate choices of parameter settings, has been established and the results obtained here present new research perspectives on anticyclonic activity affecting the Mediterranean. Properties of Mediterranean anticyclones, such as frequency, generation and dissipation, movement, scale, and depth are investigated. The highest frequency of anticyclones is found over continental areas, while the highest maritime frequency occurs over closed basins exhibiting also maxima of anticyclogenesis. There is a significant seasonality in system density and anticyclogenesis maxima, this being associated with the seasonal variations of the larger-scale atmospheric circulation that affect the greater Mediterranean region.