Effect of Adenovirus Type 1 and Influenza a Virus onStreptococcus PneumoniaeNasopharyngeal Colonization and Otitis Media in the Chinchilla

2000 ◽  
Vol 109 (11) ◽  
pp. 1021-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Hua Tong ◽  
Gregory M. Kosunick ◽  
Lisa M. Fisher ◽  
Thomas F. DeMaria
PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e95160 ◽  
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Hua Hua Tong ◽  
Garrett Lambert ◽  
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Joshua M. Thurman ◽  
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Diabetologia ◽  
2015 ◽  
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Maarit Patrikainen ◽  
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1986 ◽  
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1980 ◽  
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S C Marker ◽  
G Schiffman

Otitis media developed in 67% of chinchillas inoculated intranasally with type 7 Streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza A virus. Only 4% of chinchillas inoculated with influenza alone and 21% of chinchillas inoculated with S. pneumoniae alone developed otitis media. Among the chinchillas that developed otitis media after inoculation with both pneumococcus and influenza, 73% of the affected ears contained effusion, and 27% of the affected ears showed tympanic membrane inflammation without middle ear effusion obtained on paracentesis. Although a majority of the ears with effusion yielded S. pneumoniae on culture, one-third of the effusions were sterile for aerobic bacteria. This model resembles conditions accompanying otitis media in humans and suggests that respiratory viral infection contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of acute otitis media.


1995 ◽  
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2017 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
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Shouping Zhang ◽  
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Ming Wang ◽  
Peng Qi ◽  
...  

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