Non-invasive Fungal Sinusitis as a Complication of a Steroid-Eluting Stent Following Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 000348942110368
Author(s):  
Paige Shipman ◽  
Julie Highland ◽  
Benjamin Witt ◽  
Jeremiah Alt
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Frontal Sinus ◽  
Tissue Infection ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Fungal Sinusitis ◽  
Necrotic Tissue ◽  
Tissue Necrosis ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Local Immunosuppression

Objective: Steroid eluting stents have proven to be a highly useful adjunctive therapy for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and play an important role in the treatment of many inflammatory diseases of the sinuses. Few reports of adverse events were reported in clinical trials and are described in the literature. However, we describe the first known case of an immunocompetent patient developing non-invasive fungal tissue infection as a sequelae of stent-related tissue necrosis requiring surgical debridement. Methods: A 69-year-old immunocompetent male with CRS had Propel™ stents placed in the bilateral frontal sinus outflow tracts during revision endoscopic sinus surgery. He presented 2 weeks post-operatively with severe facial pain without vision changes, fevers, mental status changes, or evidence of cranial neuropathies. On rigid nasal endoscopy, necrotic tissue and gross fungal elements were visualized in the left frontal sinus outflow tract at the area of previous steroid stent position. Results: The patient was taken for urgent endoscopic sinus surgery and debridement given significant symptoms and concern for invasive fungal infection. A revision left maxillectomy, ethmoidectomy, and draf 2b frontal sinus drillout were performed, with healthy bleeding tissue encountered beneath necrotic tissue. Pathology revealed tissue necrosis, exudative lumenal debris, and extensive fungal elements with no evidence of tissue invasion, and cultures yielded growth of aspergillus niger. The patient’s symptoms improved significantly on post-operative day 1, he had normal post-operative changes at 2 weeks following debridement, and had no recurrence of fungal infection with complete healing at 4 months. Conclusion: While likely rare, steroid-eluting stents may pose a risk of saprophytic tissue infection as a result of tissue necrosis and local immunosuppression. Caution should be taken in using these devices in immunocompromised patients.

Efficacy of Different Modalities of Treatment in Management of Different Types of Fungal Sinusits

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
AbdElhamid AbdElhamid Al-Nashar ◽  
Waleed Farag Ezzat ◽  
Mohammed Abdelaleem Mohammed ◽  
Mohammed Al-Shahat Ibrahim Al-Bahet
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Therapy ◽  
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Endoscopic Technique ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Fungal Sinusitis ◽  
Fungal Ball ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Fungal Sinusitis ◽  
Canine Fossa ◽  
Different Types

Abstract Background Fungal sinusitis is generally classified into invasive and non invasive fungal sinusitis based on histological features, invasive fungal sinusitis divided into acute, chronic and chronic granulomatous invasive fungal sinusitis. While non invasive fungal sinusitis include saprophytic fungal infestation, fungal ball, and fungus-related eosinophilic. Distinguishing invasive disease from noninvasive disease is important because the treatment and prognosis are different for each. AIM A systemic review of effective and safe method in management of different types of fungal sinusitis either by medical or surgical approaches or even combined. Be up to date with the different upcoming new modalities. Methodology A meta-analysis study is done to evaluate the medical and surgical outcomes of patients with invasive and noninvasive Fungal Sinusits. Results Finally, forty-five studies were included in the present systematic review and metaanalysis. Fifteen included studies (No = 539 patients) assessed different modalities for management of fungal ball, via classic endoscopic technique, Canine-fossa approach, gauze technique and osteoplastic approach for FB of the maxillary sinus. The results showed that functional endoscopic sinus surgery has led to success rate of 98.1%. Twenty included studies (No = 806 patients) have assessed the efficacy and safety of different modalities for the management of allergic fungal sinusitis via,Endoscopic Sinus Surgery, Post-ESS Systemic steroids, Antifungals and immunotherapy. The results showed that ESS represents the firstline management strategy of AFRS, followed by aggressive medical therapies, the recurrence rate after postoperative steroids was 20.6%, postoperative antifungals was 40% and after immunotherapy was 9.1%. Ten studies (No = 327 patients) for Invasive Fungal Sinusitis.the results showed that combination of systematic antifungal therapy and aggressive surgical debridement are the treatment of choice. Conclusion FESS is the treatment of choice of fungal ball via classic endoscopic technique, Canine-fossa approach, gauze technique and osteoplastic approach. AFS treatment consists of surgical extirpation of the allergic mucin and polyps with maintenance of adequate sinus drainage followed by medical therapy consists of topical steroids, anti fungal therapy, Immunotherapy, and systemic corticosteroids. Treatment of invasive fungal sinusitis includes surgical resection of necrotic tissues, systemic antifungal therapy and reversal of immune dysfunction.

scholarly journals A CASE OF SPHENOID SINUS MUCOCELE FOLLOWING ENDOSCOPIC SINUS SURGERY FOR FUNGAL SINUSITIS

2013 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 117-119
Author(s):  
Satheesh Kumar Bhandary B. ◽  
Vadisha Srinivas Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Paranasal Sinus ◽  
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Frontal Sinus ◽  
Sphenoid Sinus ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Fungal Sinusitis ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Maxillary Sinuses

AbstractParanasal sinus mucoceles are common in frontal sinus, followed by ethmoid and maxillary sinuses. Sphenoid sinus is the least common site of mucocele, representing less than 2% of all paranasal sinus mucoceles. Here we present a case of sphenoid sinus mucocele, developing in a patient, who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery for fungal sinusitis involving the sphenoid sinus, presented with headache as the only complaint. The mucocele was diagnosed radiologically and was treated surgically by endoscopic sinus surgery.

Fungal sinusitis among patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Leszczyńska ◽  
Grażyna Stryjewska-Makuch ◽  
Grażyna Lisowska ◽  
Bogdan Kolebacz ◽  
Marta Michalak- Kolarz
Keyword(s):  
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Fungal Spores ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Fungus Ball ◽  
Fungal Sinusitis ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Paranasal Sinusitis ◽  
Common Location

Introduction: Fungal paranasal sinusitis can be either invasive or non-invasive. Saprophytic infections, fungus balls (FB) and allergic fungal rhinosinusitis are non-invasive (AFR). Materials and methods: The present study examined 521 patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery between January 2016 and April 2017 due to chronic paranasal sinusitis at the Department of Laryngology and Laryngological Oncology of the Upper Silesian Medical Centre in Katowice. The aim of the study was to analyse the histopathological and microbiological material collected intraoperatively and to determine the incidence and type of fungal infections among patients treated for chronic sinusitis. Results: Chronic fungal sinusitis was confirmed in 10 of 521 operated patients. The study group consisted of 9 females and 1 male. Histopathological examination revealed dead mycelium in 5 patients and colonies of Aspergillus spp. in 4, while microbiological examination revealed Candida albicans infection in 1 case. Allergy to inhalant allergens of fungal spores of Alternaria and Penicillinum was confirmed in a 73-year-old patient, which, based on the whole clinical presentation, enabled to diagnose chronic allergic fungal sinusitis. The most common location of mycelium was the maxillary sinus, followed by the sphenoid sinus. Discussion: The most common form of non-invasive fungal sinusitis is the so-called fungus ball, which was also confirmed in our report (95% of the test subjects). AFRS is more likely to occur in warm, moist climates that favour the growth of fungi.

scholarly journals Development and validation of a 3D-printed model of the ostiomeatal complex and frontal sinus for endoscopic sinus surgery training

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 837-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz S. Alrasheed ◽  
Lily H.P. Nguyen ◽  
Luc Mongeau ◽  
W. Robert J. Funnell ◽  
Marc A. Tewfik
Keyword(s):  
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Frontal Sinus ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Surgery Training ◽  
Ostiomeatal Complex ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Development And Validation

scholarly journals Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis: an overview on pathogenesis, early diagnosis and management

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeraj Suri ◽  
Bhavya B. M.
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Obstruction ◽  
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Nasal Discharge ◽  
Fungal Sinusitis ◽  
Surgical Specimen ◽  
Specimen Handling ◽  
Fungal Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background: </strong>The objective of the study was<strong> </strong>to evaluate the criteria for diagnosing allergic fungal rhinosinusitis and to maintain permanent drainage and ventilation, while preserving the integrity of the mucosa.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a prospective study of 50 patients with allergic fungal sinusitis with or without polyposis all of whom were treated with endoscopic debridement. Mucous sample collection, nasal secretion culture, surgical specimen handling, and histological evaluation of surgical specimens are described. All patients treated with endoscopic sinus surgery, debridement, post-operative use of steroids and antifungal therapy.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Fungal mucin was found in all 50 cases, histology and fungal cultures confirmed the diagnosis. Out of 50 patients, 29 were females and 21 were males, with a mean age of 32 years. The most common symptom was nasal discharge 41 (82%) cases, nasal obstruction in 38 (76%) cases, headache and facial pain in 32 (72%) cases, 7 (14%) patients had bronchial asthma. Symptoms of nasal obstruction and nasal discharge were improved in 46 (92%) cases. All preoperative versus postoperative changes in AFRS associated complaints reached statistical significance of p value &lt;0.001 except in patients with asthma.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Comprehensive management with endoscopic sinus surgery, oral steroids and antifungals reduces the recurrence or need for revision surgery. Long term follow up is very important.</p>

Endoscopic Surgery for Frontal and Ethmoid Sinus Mucoceles

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Endoscopic Surgery ◽  
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Frontal Sinus ◽  
Ethmoid Sinus ◽  
Endoscopic Approach ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Difficult Cases

Seven patients with frontal and ethmoid mucoceles treated by endoscopic sinus surgery were reviewed. Five cases were successfully managed, with two requiring a trephine procedure in combination with the intranasal endoscopic approach. Follow-up ranged from 3 to 33 months with a mean of 17.8 months. The use of endoscopic instruments through a trephine incision is recommended in difficult cases to assure patency of the frontal sinus recess. When a large frontal sinus mucocele extends into the anterior ethmoid, the endoscopic approach becomes ideal. Sinus mucoceles can be handled safely and successfully by endoscopic surgery and may eliminate the need for more traditional external procedures.

Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery in the Immunocompromised Child

1991 ◽  
Vol 105 (6) ◽  
pp. 818-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Wiatrak ◽  
Paul Willging ◽  
Charles M. Myer
Keyword(s):  
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Fungal Sinusitis ◽  
Sinus Disease ◽  
Immunocompromised Child ◽  
Surgical Modality ◽  
Sinonasal Disease

Fungal sinusitis in the immunocompromised child is an aggressive, invasive process that may result in a fatal outcome if not diagnosed early. As a result of increasing use of bone marrow transplantation and new cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents resulting in severe agranulocytopenia, more patients have become susceptible to fungal sinus disease. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery has emerged recently as an important surgical modality in the treatment of sinus disease in adults and children. Use of this technique in immunosuppressed children has allowed early diagnosis of fungal sinonasal disease, resulting in earlier surgical intervention. The high-quality fiberoptic capability of nasal endoscopes allows very detailed visualization of the internal anatomy of the nose and detects early mucosal changes as a result of intranasal fungal disease. Our experience using functional endoscopic sinus surgery in immunocompromised children over an 18-month period is reviewed. Our philosophy for diagnosis and management of immunocompromised children with suspected fungal sinonasal disease is discussed.

scholarly journals In-office Balloon Dilation and Drainage of Frontal Sinus Mucocele

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. ar.2013.4.0041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Anderson Eloy ◽  
Pratik A. Shukla ◽  
Osamah J. Choudhry ◽  
Jean Daniel Eloy ◽  
Paul D. Langer
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Operating Room ◽  
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Frontal Sinus ◽  
Balloon Dilation ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Surgical Drainage ◽  
Sinus Disease ◽  
The Past ◽  
Office Procedures

Treatment of frontal sinus disease represents one of the most challenging aspects of endoscopic sinus surgery. Frontal sinus mucocele drainage may be an exception to the rule because in many instances, the expansion of the mucocele widens the frontal sinus recess and renders surgical drainage technically undemanding. Recently, there has been an increased interest in in-office procedures in otolaryngology because of patient satisfaction and substantial savings of time and cost for both patients and physicians. Similarly, the past few years have witnessed an increased use of balloon dilation devices in sinus surgery. Previously, we have described the in-office use of this device in treating patients who failed prior conventional frontal sinusotomy in the operating room. In this report, we describe our step-by-step in-office experience using this tool for drainage of a large frontal sinus mucocele.

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