An Outcome Evaluation of Pennsylvania's Boot Camp: Does Rehabilitative Programming within a Disciplinary Setting Reduce Recidivism?

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia A. Kempinen ◽  
Megan C. Kurlychek
Keyword(s):  
Boot Camp ◽  
Outcome Evaluation ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Multidimensional Approach ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Boot Camps ◽  
Prior Record ◽  
Reducing Recidivism ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

Although previous research has found the disciplinary model of correctional boot camps to be ineffective in reducing recidivism, the impact of a rehabilitative model is still unclear. The current study addresses this issue through an outcome evaluation of Penn-sylvania's Motivational Boot Camp Program, which uses a multidimensional approach to its rehabilitative programming. The authors predict that this program model should be more effective than traditional prison in reducing recidivism and that this effect will be particularly strong for certain high-risk offenders (i.e., those who are young and/or have a prior criminal record). The results from their logistic regression analyses indicate no significant differences in the recidivism of offenders graduating from the boot camp and those released from prison. However, tests for interactions indicate that this program performs better than prison for offenders with a prior record. This particular finding has important policy implications for targeting appropriate offenders for such programs.

Impact of urology simulation boot camp in improving endoscopic instrument knowledge

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishwanath Hanchanale ◽  
Mithun Kailavasan ◽  
Sanjay Rajpal ◽  
Philip Koenig ◽  
Marina Yiasemidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
Boot Camp ◽  
Boot Camps ◽  
Endoscopic Instrument ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Individual Knowledge ◽  
Training Of Surgeons ◽  
Urological Training ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveEducation and training of surgeons has traditionally focused on the development of individual knowledge, technical skills and decision making. Knowledge about endoscopic instruments is one of the core elements of urological training. We assessed the precourse knowledge of newly appointed urology trainees and the impact of boot camp in improving their knowledge.MethodsNewly appointed specialty trainees in urology took part in a pilot 5-day urology simulation boot camp (USBC). The aim of the USBC was to improve their confidence, procedural performance and non-technical skills, with one of the modules looking at the trainees’ knowledge about common endoscopic instruments in urology. Delegates were first asked to identify and assemble the instruments, followed by one-to-one teaching about the instruments. An Objective Structured Assessment Tool was used to assess their knowledge in the identification and assembly of the cystoscope, resectoscope and optical urethrotome, before and at the end of the course.ResultsData of two successive boot camps were collected to assess knowledge of instruments of newly appointed urology trainees. Majority of the trainees had good precourse knowledge of the cystoscopy kit, with 84% able to correctly identify the parts. Seventy-six per cent of candidates were able to identify the resectoscope equipment, but only approximately a third of trainees were able to correctly identify the urethrotome kit. The assembly of cystoscope, resectoscope and urethrotome was performed correctly in 74%, 42% and 32% at baseline and 94%, 90% and 77% postcourse, respectively. Overall performance improved significantly in the postcourse assessment (<0.001).ConclusionThis urology boot camp has addressed gaps in trainees’ core equipment knowledge and guided them to improve their knowledge with respect to identification and assembly of cystoscope, resectoscope and urethrotome.

Negative Related Diversification, Positive Related Diversification and Firm’s Performance: Measurement and Application

2020 ◽  
pp. 097215091988641
Author(s):  
Narander Kumar Nigam ◽  
C. P. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Fundamental Question ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Related Area ◽  
New Finding ◽  
Related Diversification ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

Though we have had extensive theoretical and empirical studies on diversification during the past decades, yet the impact of diversification on a firm’s financial performance remains unclear. Earlier, authors (like Arnould, 1969 ; Berry, 1971 ; Gort, 1962 ) tried to answer the fundamental question of ‘whether a firm should diversify or not’, but were unable to reach any consensus. Rumelt (1974) categorized diversification into related and unrelated and concluded that diversification in a related area is better than being undiversified. Even after the seminal work of Rumelt, empirical evidence on the impact of both types of diversification on a firm’s financial performance is still mixed ( Berger & Ofek, 1995 ; Chen & Joseph Yu, 2012 ; Duin & Hansen, 1991 ; Palepu, 1985 ; Palich, Cardinal, & Miller, 2000 ). In this study, we make an attempt to answer the same fundamental question of ‘whether a firm should diversify or not’ by including three new aspects: first, we measure the impact of diversification (and its types) on the three aspects of a firm’s financial performance, that is, risk, return and risk-adjusted return; second, we measure this impact on lag 1 1 As diversification is the strategic decision of a firm hence its impact should come over a period of time. of diversification; and third, we use a newly developed approach, that is, correlation-based diversification measures ( Nigam & Gupta, 2018b ) to measure different types of diversification. Initially, our results indicated insignificant impact of diversification (and its types) on all firm performance measures. Later, we segregated related diversification (RD) into positive related diversification (PRD) and negative related diversification (NRD); then we measured the impact of each type of diversification separately and found that diversification is better than being undiversified only if it is into a negative related area. It is a new finding and may have some policy implications for the management while designing its diversification strategy.

scholarly journals Are trustworthiness and legitimacy ‘hard to win, easy to lose’? A longitudinal test of the asymmetry thesis of police-citizen contact

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Rodrigues Oliveira ◽  
Jonathan Jackson ◽  
Ben Bradford ◽  
Kristina Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Procedural Fairness ◽  
Outcome Evaluation ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Outcome Analysis ◽  
Process And Outcome ◽  
The Asymmetry ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Trust In Police

Objectives: Test the asymmetry thesis of police-citizen contact that police trustworthiness and legitimacy are affected more by negative than by positive experiences of interactions with legal agents by analyzing changes in attitudes towards the police after an encounter with the police. Test whether prior attitudes moderate the impact of contact on changes in attitudes towards the police.Methods: A two-wave panel survey of a nationally representative sample of Australian adults measured people’s beliefs about police trustworthiness (procedural fairness and effectiveness), their duty to obey the police, their contact with the police between the two waves, and their evaluation of those encounters in terms of process and outcome. Analysis is carried out using autoregressive structural equation modeling and latent moderated structural models.Results: The association between both process and outcome evaluation of police-citizen encounters and changes in attitudes towards the police is asymmetrical for trust in police effectiveness, symmetrical for trust in procedural fairness, and asymmetrical (in the opposite direction expected) for duty to obey the police. Little evidence of heterogeneity in the association between encounters and trust in procedural fairness and duty to obey, but prior levels of perceived effectiveness moderate the association between outcome evaluation and changes in trust in police effectiveness.Conclusions: The association between police-citizen encounters and attitudes towards the police may not be as asymmetrical as previously thought, particularly for changes in trust in procedural fairness and legitimacy. Policy implications include considering public-police interactions as ‘teachable moments’ and potential sources for enhancing police trustworthiness and legitimacy.

scholarly journals Do coffee cooperatives benefit farmers? An exploration of heterogeneous impact of coffee cooperative membership in Southwest Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zekarias Shumeta ◽  
Marijke D’Haese
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Agricultural Cooperatives ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Coffee Plantations ◽  
Coffee Farmers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
South West Ethiopia ◽  
Better Than

Smallholder farmers’ participation in agricultural cooperatives is often promoted as a promising strategy for overcoming market imperfections and to increase farmers’ productivity and income. In recognition of this potential, in recent years, Ethiopia has shown renewed interest in promoting cooperatives. However, there is lack of empirical evidence of the impact that cooperatives have on farmers’ performance in Ethiopia. Using a matching technique, we evaluate the impact of coffee cooperatives on the performance of their member households in terms of income and coffee production. We use data from coffee farmers in south-west Ethiopia. The overall results suggest that members of cooperatives are not faring much better than non-members. The treatment effects we measured were not statistically significant from zero. Yet, the aggregate figures mask differences between cooperatives and amongst individual cooperative members. Average treatment effects on members differ between cooperatives, in general older members, those who have benefitted from more education and those with larger coffee plantations seem to benefit more from membership. Our analysis sheds light on the heterogeneity in the impact that membership of a cooperative can have: this differs by cooperative and by members within cooperatives, a finding that has important policy implications.

scholarly journals Are Trustworthiness and Legitimacy ‘Hard to Win, Easy to Lose’? A Longitudinal Test of the Asymmetry Thesis of Police-Citizen Contact

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago R. Oliveira ◽  
Jonathan Jackson ◽  
Kristina Murphy ◽  
Ben Bradford
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Fairness ◽  
Outcome Evaluation ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Outcome Analysis ◽  
Process And Outcome ◽  
The Asymmetry ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Police Effectiveness ◽  
Trust In Police

Abstract Objectives Test the asymmetry thesis of police-citizen contact that police trustworthiness and legitimacy are affected more by negative than by positive experiences of interactions with legal agents by analyzing changes in attitudes towards the police after an encounter with the police. Test whether prior attitudes moderate the impact of contact on changes in attitudes towards the police. Methods A two-wave panel survey of a nationally representative sample of Australian adults measured people’s beliefs about police trustworthiness (procedural fairness and effectiveness), their duty to obey the police, their contact with the police between the two waves, and their evaluation of those encounters in terms of process and outcome. Analysis is carried out using autoregressive structural equation modeling and latent moderated structural models. Results The association between both process and outcome evaluation of police-citizen encounters and changes in attitudes towards the police is asymmetrical for trust in police effectiveness, symmetrical for trust in procedural fairness, and asymmetrical (in the opposite direction expected) for duty to obey the police. Little evidence of heterogeneity in the association between encounters and trust in procedural fairness and duty to obey, but prior levels of perceived effectiveness moderate the association between outcome evaluation and changes in trust in police effectiveness. Conclusions The association between police-citizen encounters and attitudes towards the police may not be as asymmetrical as previously thought, particularly for changes in trust in procedural fairness and legitimacy. Policy implications include considering public-police interactions as ‘teachable moments’ and potential sources for enhancing police trustworthiness and legitimacy.

Foreign player migration and athletic success in Greek football

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonios K. Travlos ◽  
Panagiotis Dimitropoulos ◽  
Stylianos Panagiotopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Policy Implications ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Football Clubs ◽  
Athletic Success ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the migration of foreign football players that participated in the elite football championship in Greece and the impact of this migratory channel on the athletic success of the football clubs. Design/methodology/approach The study analyzed a database of all migrant and local athletes that participated in the professional Greek football championship over the period 2001-2013 and performed descriptive and regression analyses. Findings The regression analyses revealed a positive and significant statistical relation between the investment in foreign talents and the position of the clubs in the championship; however, this impact was more intense for foreign athletes after the formation of the Greek Super League (SL) in 2007 but on the contrary native athletes seem to contribute less to the athletic success than their foreign counterparts. Practical implications The findings indicated that valuable resources where spent after SL formation for the acquisition of foreign well-trained athletes. Therefore, this study corroborated arguments in previous research that a basic reason for foreign player migration in football is the increased revenues accrued from the media and sponsors. The study also provided useful policy implications for football managers for improving their decisions on this matter. Originality/value The present study fills a gap in the empirical literature and contributes significantly on the ongoing debate about the international athletes’ migration and its impact on athletic success.

Exploring the Multidimensional Facets of Authoritarianism: Authoritarian Aggression and Social Dominance Orientation

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Passini
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The One ◽  
Better Than

The relation between authoritarianism and social dominance orientation was analyzed, with authoritarianism measured using a three-dimensional scale. The implicit multidimensional structure (authoritarian submission, conventionalism, authoritarian aggression) of Altemeyer’s (1981, 1988) conceptualization of authoritarianism is inconsistent with its one-dimensional methodological operationalization. The dimensionality of authoritarianism was investigated using confirmatory factor analysis in a sample of 713 university students. As hypothesized, the three-factor model fit the data significantly better than the one-factor model. Regression analyses revealed that only authoritarian aggression was related to social dominance orientation. That is, only intolerance of deviance was related to high social dominance, whereas submissiveness was not.

The Mental Health and Social Exclusion European Network

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Leonori ◽  
Manuel Muñoz ◽  
Carmelo Vázquez ◽  
José J. Vázquez ◽  
Mary Fe Bravo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
European Union ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Outcome Evaluation ◽  
World Federation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
Homeless Mentally Ill ◽  
The Impact

This report concerns the activities developed by the Mental Health and Social Exclusion (MHSE) Network, an initiative supported by the Mental Health Europe (World Federation of Mental Health). We report some data from the preliminary survey done in five capital cities of the European Union (Madrid, Copenhagen, Brussels, Lisbon, and Rome). The main aim of this survey was to investigate, from a mostly qualitative point of view, the causal and supportive factors implicated in the situation of the homeless mentally ill in Europe. The results point out the familial and childhood roots of homelessness, the perceived causes of the situation, the relationships with the support services, and the expectations of future of the homeless mentally ill. The analysis of results has helped to identify the different variables implicated in the social rupture process that influences homelessness in major European cities. The results were used as the basis for the design of a more ambitious current research project about the impact of the medical and psychosocial interventions in the homeless. This project is being developed in 10 capital cities of the European Union with a focus on the program and outcome evaluation of the health and psychosocial services for the disadvantaged.

scholarly journals Advertising Media Impact in Consumer Buying Behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 54-56
Author(s):  
Ashmita Dahal Chhetri
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Electronic Media ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Media Impact ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Buying Behaviors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than

Advertisements have been used for many years to influence the buying behaviors of the consumers. Advertisements are helpful in creating the awareness and perception among the customers of a product. This particular research was conducted on the 100 young male and female who use different brands of product to check the influence of advertisement on their buying behavior while creating the awareness and building the perceptions. Correlation, regression and other statistical tools were used to identify the relationship between these variables. The results revealed that the relationship between media and consumer behavior is positive. The adve1tising impact on sales and there is positive and high degree relationship between advertising and consumer behavior. The impact on advertising of a product of electronic media is better than non-electronic media.

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