Differential Diagnosis of Auditory Deficits—A Review of the Literature

The differential diagnosis of young children with communication disorders is one of the more difficult and germinal tasks confronting speech and hearing personnel today. Audiological assessment should provide quantitative and qualitative information about auditory responses and behavior that can point up other clues to the total diagnosis. A review of the literature reveals that consistency of auditory response is frequently cited as one characteristic that distinguishes children with peripheral hearing loss (reported to be consistent) and children with CNS auditory disorders such as aphasia (reported to be inconsistent).

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The Effect of Sensori-Neural Hearing Loss on Threshold-Duration Functions

Journal of Speech and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/jshr.1104.842 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 842-852 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

H. N. Wright

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Time Constant ◽

Present Series ◽

Auditory Disorders ◽

Threshold Duration

Previous findings on the threshold for tones as a function of their duration have suggested that such functions may be systematically affected by sensori-neural hearing losses of cochlear origin. The present series of investigations was designed to explore this relation further and to determine also whether the amount of hearing loss present has any effect upon the results which are obtained. Preliminary studies were also carried out on a conductively impaired listener to indicate whether hearing losses of this type affect the threshold-duration function. The results indicate that the threshold-duration function is systematically affected by sensori-neural hearing losses of cochlear origin. This effect is manifested by a progressive shortening of the time constant relating threshold to duration and is not uniquely related to the amount of hearing loss present. The results obtained from the conductively impaired listener suggested that this type of hearing loss has no effect on the threshold-duration function, thereby implying that such functions may contribute significantly to the differential diagnosis of auditory disorders.

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Childhood Middle Ear Tuberculosis–A Rare Case Report

Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society ◽

10.3126/jnps.v27i2.1589 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 93-94

Author(s):

PK Swain ◽

SA Mallik ◽

A Thapalial

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Case Report ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Facial Nerve Paralysis ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Key Words Tuberculosis ◽

Nerve Paralysis ◽

Rare Case Report ◽

Middle Ear Cleft

Tuberculosis rarely affects the middle ear cleft; the disease is a curiosity and not often considered in the differential diagnosis of otorrhea. The diagnosis is thus made too late, with resulting complications such as irreversible hearing loss and facial nerve paralysis. A case report with review of the literature is presented, emphasizing that tuberculosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic ear infection in children. In our case direct nosocomial spread of tuebrculous bacilli has been attributed. Key words: Tuberculosis; otitis media, hearing loss & facial paralysis. doi:10.3126/jnps.v27i2.1589 J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. Vol.27(2) p.93-94

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Malignant Mucosal Melanoma of the Eustachian Tube With Extension Into the Ipsilateral External Ear Canal: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Ear Nose & Throat Journal ◽

10.1177/0145561320904813 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 014556132090481

Author(s):

Lifeng Li ◽

Nyall R. London ◽

Xiaohong Chen

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Eustachian Tube ◽

Middle Ear ◽

Mucosal Melanoma ◽

External Ear ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Ear Canal ◽

External Ear Canal ◽

External Canal

Mucosal melanoma arising in the middle ear or eustachian tube is uncommon. We present a patient with hearing loss and otalgia found to have mucosal melanoma which occurred in the eustachian tube with extension into the middle ear cavity and external ear canal. Otologic clinics was consulted and biopsy of the mass located at the external canal was performed to ascertain the pathological diagnosis. The patient refused immunotherapy and surgery instead of undergoing radiotherapy and died from hepatic metastasis 8 months later. The mucosal melanoma originated from the eustachian tube with extension into the external ear canal is exceedingly rare, and the differential diagnosis should be considered for tumors in external ear canal.

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Differential Effect of Conductive Hearing Loss on the Threshold-Duration Function

Journal of Speech and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/jshr.1203.607 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 607-615 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

H. N. Wright ◽

F. Cannella

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Conductive Hearing Loss ◽

Hearing Impairments ◽

Additional Information ◽

Conductive Component ◽

Series Of Experiments ◽

Auditory Disorders ◽

Conductive Hearing ◽

Threshold Duration

Where the threshold-duration function has been shown to be systematically affected by sensorineural hearing losses of cochlear origin, preliminary studies have strongly suggested the contrasting finding that conductive hearing losses have no effect. Two series of experiments were performed to examine more fully these separate effects. Threshold-duration functions were obtained from listeners presenting 1) pure conductive and 2) mixed hearing impairments. The results indicate that the threshold-duration function is indeed differentially affected. More exactly, only the sensorineural component of a hearing loss affects the results which are obtained; while the conductive component has no effect. Such findings are interpreted to indicate that the threshold-duration function provides additional information not presently available for the differential diagnosis of auditory disorders.

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Spontaneous intracranial hypotension presenting to the ENT surgeon: case report

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215108003915 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 123 (7) ◽

pp. 804-806 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S Street ◽

P Fagan ◽

J Roche

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Case Report ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Intracranial Hypotension ◽

Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Rare Diagnosis

AbstractObjective:To highlight a case of spontaneous intracranial hypotension presenting to the ENT surgeon.Method:We present a case report and a review of the literature concerning spontaneous intracranial hypotension.Results:Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is a rare diagnosis, particularly to the ENT surgeon. We report a patient with tinnitus, hearing loss and headache, symptoms suggestive of an ENT diagnosis such as Ménière's disease or vestibular schwannoma. However, magnetic resonance imaging revealed the characteristic findings of spontaneous intracranial hypotension. The patient's symptoms resolved, except for a mild residual tinnitus, with conservative management alone.Conclusion:This case highlights the importance of considering spontaneous intracranial hypotension as a differential diagnosis of certain ENT symptoms.

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Screening of hearing loss in neonates and infants: a hospital based prospective study

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20210968 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rashmi P. Rajashekhar ◽

Nayanna S. Karodpati ◽

Prashant Rajashekar ◽

Tejal Sonar

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

High Risk ◽

Early Detection ◽

Young Children ◽

Psychosocial Development ◽

Screening Test ◽

Acoustic Emissions ◽

Birth Asphyxia ◽

Communication Disorders ◽

Neonates And Infants

Background: Approximately 12,000 new babies with hearing loss are identified every year, according to the National Institute on Deafness and other communication disorders. In addition, estimates are that another 4,000 to 6,000 infants and young children between birth and 3 years of age who passed the newborn screening test acquire late onset hearing loss. Therefore, 16,000 to 18,000 new babies and toddlers are identified with hearing loss per year making hearing loss the most common birth defect. Numerous studies over the decades have demonstrated that when hearing loss of any degree is not adequately diagnosed and treated, it can negatively affect the speech, language, academic, emotional and psychosocial development of young children. Hence, the most important aspect of managing a child with hearing loss is early identification.Methods: The screening test was done on high risk neonates and neonates admitted in NICU for more than 48 hours from January 2018 to June 2019 for early detection of hearing loss if any.Results: Our results showed that neonates with hyperbilirubinaemia, Low birth weight , birth asphyxia , meconium aspiration showed higher risk of hearing loss as the Oto Acoustic Emissions were absent in significant percentage of these high risk neonates and infants as compared to neonates without NICU admission.Conclusions: Screening of high-risk neonates and infants is essential for early detection of hearing loss. Hence preventing the child from further developing profound hearing loss with loss of speech.

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