The Effect of Sensori-Neural Hearing Loss on Threshold-Duration Functions

1968 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 842-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. N. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Time Constant ◽  
Present Series ◽  
Auditory Disorders ◽  
Threshold Duration

Previous findings on the threshold for tones as a function of their duration have suggested that such functions may be systematically affected by sensori-neural hearing losses of cochlear origin. The present series of investigations was designed to explore this relation further and to determine also whether the amount of hearing loss present has any effect upon the results which are obtained. Preliminary studies were also carried out on a conductively impaired listener to indicate whether hearing losses of this type affect the threshold-duration function. The results indicate that the threshold-duration function is systematically affected by sensori-neural hearing losses of cochlear origin. This effect is manifested by a progressive shortening of the time constant relating threshold to duration and is not uniquely related to the amount of hearing loss present. The results obtained from the conductively impaired listener suggested that this type of hearing loss has no effect on the threshold-duration function, thereby implying that such functions may contribute significantly to the differential diagnosis of auditory disorders.

Differential Effect of Conductive Hearing Loss on the Threshold-Duration Function

1969 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 607-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. N. Wright ◽  
F. Cannella
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Conductive Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Conductive Component ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Auditory Disorders ◽  
Conductive Hearing ◽  
Threshold Duration

Where the threshold-duration function has been shown to be systematically affected by sensorineural hearing losses of cochlear origin, preliminary studies have strongly suggested the contrasting finding that conductive hearing losses have no effect. Two series of experiments were performed to examine more fully these separate effects. Threshold-duration functions were obtained from listeners presenting 1) pure conductive and 2) mixed hearing impairments. The results indicate that the threshold-duration function is indeed differentially affected. More exactly, only the sensorineural component of a hearing loss affects the results which are obtained; while the conductive component has no effect. Such findings are interpreted to indicate that the threshold-duration function provides additional information not presently available for the differential diagnosis of auditory disorders.

Differential Diagnosis of Auditory Deficits—A Review of the Literature

1964 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome Reichstein ◽  
Joseph Rosenstein
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Qualitative Information ◽  
Auditory Responses ◽  
Auditory Response ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Auditory Disorders

The differential diagnosis of young children with communication disorders is one of the more difficult and germinal tasks confronting speech and hearing personnel today. Audiological assessment should provide quantitative and qualitative information about auditory responses and behavior that can point up other clues to the total diagnosis. A review of the literature reveals that consistency of auditory response is frequently cited as one characteristic that distinguishes children with peripheral hearing loss (reported to be consistent) and children with CNS auditory disorders such as aphasia (reported to be inconsistent).

scholarly journals Acoustic reflex measurements and the loudness function in sensorineural hearing loss

1980 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Uliel
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Acoustic Impedance ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing ◽  
Acoustic Reflex ◽  
Reflex Responses ◽  
Loudness Function ◽  
The Individual

The suprathreshold acoustic reflex responses of forty two ears affected by sensorineural hearing loss of cochlear origin and fifty-eight ears demonstrating normal hearing, were recorded by means of an electro-acoustic impedance meter and attached X-Y recorder. The recordings were done in ascending and descending fashion,  at successively increasing and decreasing 5dB intensity levels from 90-120-90 dB HL respectively, for the individual pure-tone frequencies of 500, 1 000, 2 000 and 4 000 Hz. The contralateral mode of measurement was employed. Analysis of  these recordings indicated that the acoustic reflex  responses could be differentiated into five  characteristic patterns of  growth, which could be depicted upon a continuum of peaked, peaked-rounded, rounded, rounded-flat,  and flat  shapes. The peaked and peaked-rounded patterns were found  to predominate at all four pure-tone frequencies  in the normal ears, while the rounded-fiat  and flat  patterns were found  to predominate only at the higher pure-tone frequencies of 2 000 and 4 000 Hz in the ears affected  by sensorineural hearing loss. This latter relationship was also able to be applied to two disorders of  the loudness functio— loudness recruitment and hyperacusis. It was concluded that the flattened  acoustic reflex  patterns at the higher pure-tone frequencies  constituted a potential diagnostic cue related to the differential  diagnosis of sensorineural hearing loss, and to disorders of  the loudness function.

scholarly journals Tomographic diagnosis and relevant aspects of otosclerosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Oggioni Gaiotti ◽  
Natália Delage Gomes ◽  
Ana Maria Doffémond Costa ◽  
Caroline Laurita Batista Couto Villela ◽  
Wanderval Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Surgical Planning ◽  
Otic Capsule ◽  
Metabolic Derangement ◽  
Pictorial Essay ◽  
Temporal Bone Anatomy ◽  
Endochondral Layer

A literature review and pictorial essay were developed to discuss the importance of knowing the main findings and locations of otosclerosis at multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). The authors performed a retrospective review of cases of otosclerosis diagnosed in their institution by means of high resolution multidetector computed tomography. Otosclerosis corresponds to otic capsule dysplasia characterized by metabolic derangement of its endochondral layer. Such condition constitutes a relevant cause of sensorineural hearing loss, affecting about 7% to 10% of the general population. The diagnosis is usually clinical, but imaging methods play a significant role in the anatomical detailing, differential diagnosis, surgical planning and evaluation of postoperative complications. Among such methods, the relevance of MDCT is highlighted. Radiologists should be familiar with the MDCT findings of otosclerosis, as well as with the temporal bone anatomy to assist in the appropriate clinical management of this disease.

The Effects of Expansion Time Constants on the Objective Performance of Hearing Instrument Users

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (08) ◽  
pp. 614-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick N. Plyler ◽  
Ashley Blair Hill ◽  
Timothy D. Trine
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Time Constant ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Connected Speech ◽  
Time Constants ◽  
Speech Test ◽  
Hearing In Noise ◽  
Expansion Time ◽  
Objective Performance ◽  
Noise Test

The present study investigated the effects of expansion time constants on the objective performance of 20 hearing instrument users fitted binaurally with digital in-the-ear products. Objective performance was evaluated in quiet using the Connected Speech Test and in noise using the Hearing in Noise Test. Results indicated that objective performance in quiet and in noise decreased as the expansion time constant increased. Furthermore, expansion time constants affected the objective performance of listeners with varying degrees of hearing loss in a similar manner.

The Classroom Acoustical Environment and the Americans With Disabilities Act

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna L. Sorkin
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Americans With Disabilities Act ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Reverberant Environments ◽  
Children With Hearing Loss ◽  
Legal Mechanism ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Auditory Disorders

Audiologists and acoustical engineers have urged that acoustics be considered in the design of classrooms for more than 30 years. Research has demonstrated that children with hearing loss have great difficulty understanding speech in noisy, reverberant environments. However, there has never been a legal mechanism to require local educational systems to address acoustics in the design and construction of schools. An effort by a broad-based coalition of engineers, audiologists, parents, architects, and educators is now underway to develop a standard for acoustics that would then be referenced in the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Although the legal mechanism for this action is to address the needs of children with disabilities as the ADA requires (most notably, children with hearing impairments, but also those with central auditory disorders, attention deficit disorders, and vision impairments), the impact will be more far-reaching. All children—whether or not they have a disability—will benefit from a favorable acoustical environment.

Facial Paralysis in Children: Differential Diagnosis

1981 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 841-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark May ◽  
Thomas J. Fria ◽  
Frank Blumenthal ◽  
Hugh Curtin
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Facial Paralysis ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Pseudobulbar Palsy ◽  
Slow Progression ◽  
Facial Edema ◽  
Physical Findings ◽  
Fissured Tongue

The differential diagnosis in 170 patients between birth and 18 years of age is reviewed. There are a number of obvious physical findings and historical features that allow one to make a diagnosis rather quickly. Pain, vesicles, a red pinna, vertigo, and sensorineural hearing loss suggest herpes zoster oticus. Slow progression beyond three weeks, recurrent facial paralysis involving the same side, facial twitching, weakness, or no return of function after six months indicate a neoplasm. Bilateral simultaneous facial paralysis indicates a cause other than Bell's palsy, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome, pseudobulbar palsy, sarcoidosis, and leukemia. Recurrent facial paralysis associated with a fissured tongue, facial edema, and a positive family history should suggest Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome.

scholarly journals Fundamental Principles of Bone Conduction Hearing in Humans

2020 ◽  
Vol I (3) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Georgios K Panagiotopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Auditory Perception ◽  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Sound Transmission ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Clinical Routine ◽  
Bone Conduction Hearing ◽  
Air Conduction

Bone conduction involves sound transmission through bone oscillations of the skull or neighboring body areas, resulting in auditory perception. Its significance is not confined to differential diagnosis of hearing loss only. It represents a secondary auditory pathway supplementing air conduction process co instantaneously. Known bio-mechanical mechanisms involved in bone conduction in humans are analyzed and summarized in a most concise way including most recent updates that improve current clinical routine practice. Nevertheless, longstanding assumptions still need further research in order to establish a thorough bone and tissue conduction understanding.

scholarly journals Temporal Arteritis as a Differential Diagnosis of Unilateral, Sensorineural Hearing Loss

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Angeli ◽  
Giliane Gianisella ◽  
Marina Lise ◽  
Mario Bettinelli ◽  
Vinícius Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽  
Temporal Arteritis ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing
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