Effects of Display Curvature, Presbyopia, and Task Duration on Visual Fatigue, Task Performance, and User Satisfaction

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donghee Choi ◽  
Gyouhyung Kyung ◽  
Kyunghyun Nam ◽  
Sungryul Park
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Pupil Diameter ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
Curvature Radius ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
Visual Display Terminal ◽  
Task Duration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Task

Objective: This study examined the effects of display curvature, presbyopia, and task duration on visual fatigue, task performance, and user satisfaction. Background: Although curved displays have been applied to diverse display products, and some studies reported their benefits, it is still unknown whether the effects of display curvature are presbyopia-specific. Method: Each of 64 individuals (eight nonpresbyopes and eight presbyopes per display curvature) performed four 15-min proofreading tasks at one display curvature radius setting (600R, 1140R, 4000R, and flat; mm). Diverse measurements were obtained to assess visual fatigue, task performance, and user satisfaction. Results: The mean pupil diameter was the largest with 1140R, indicating this curvature radius was associated with the least development of visual fatigue; 600R was comparable with 1140R in terms of pupil diameter. The presbyopic group showed a 28.5% slower proofreading speed compared with the nonpresbyopic group, whereas their proofreading accuracy was comparable. For both groups, the mean visual fatigue increased significantly during the first 15 min of proofreading, as indicated by a decrease of 0.11 mm in the mean pupil diameter, an increase of 3.8 in the mean bulbar conjunctival redness, and an increase of 9.13 in the mean eye complaint questionnaire score. Conclusion: The effect of display curvature was not presbyopia-specific. Low visual fatigue was observed with 1140R and 600R. Application: Display curvature radii near or in the range of 600R and 1140R and frequent breaks are recommended for both presbyopic and nonpresbyopic groups to reduce their visual fatigue due to visual display terminal tasks.

Effects of display curvature and task duration on proofreading performance, visual discomfort, visual fatigue, mental workload, and user satisfaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 26-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sungryul Park ◽  
Gyouhyung Kyung ◽  
Donghee Choi ◽  
Jihhyeon Yi ◽  
Songil Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
Visual Discomfort ◽  
Task Duration ◽  
And Task

Effects of Display Curvature and Task Duration on Proofreading Task Performance, Visual Fatigue, Visual Discomfort, and Display Satisfaction

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 790-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sungryul Park ◽  
Jihhyeon Yi ◽  
Donghee Choi ◽  
Songil Lee ◽  
Gyouhyung Kyung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Error Rate ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Viewing Distance ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
Visual Discomfort ◽  
Task Duration ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Task Durations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Task

With more curved display products in the market and more exposure to such products, it is necessary to examine the effects of display curvature and task duration from the ergonomics perspective. The current study examined the effects of these two factors on visual performance, visual fatigue, visual discomfort, and display satisfaction during proofreading tasks. We incorporated five display curvatures (600R, 1140R, 2000R, 4000R, and flat) and five task durations (0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 min). Each of 50 individuals completed a 1-hr proofreading task at one of five display curvature conditions. The horizontal viewing distance was fixed at 600mm. Proofreading performance (speed and error rate), subjective visual fatigue [on ECQ (Eye Complaint Questionnaire)], physiological visual fatigue [CFF (Critical Fusion Frequency), blink duration, and blink frequency], visual discomfort (on VAS), and display satisfaction (on VAS) were measured. The highest mean proofreading speed was at 600R. The mean proofreading speed and error rate increased by 15.5% and 22.3%, respectively, over the 1-h task. The mean ECQ score and visual discomfort increased by 188.6% and 107.2% during 45 and 60 min of the task, respectively. The mean CFF and display satisfaction decreased by 0.49Hz and 11.2% during 15 and 15-45 min of the task. A polynomial regression model for subjective visual fatigue was developed (adjusted R2 = 0.6). These findings can be used when determining ergonomic display curvatures and predicting visual fatigue.

Spontaneous Blinks as a Criterion of Visual Fatigue during Prolonged Work on Visual Display Terminals

2001 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 234-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenichi Kaneko ◽  
Kazuyoshi Sakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Time Lag ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
Hard Copy ◽  
Subjective Feeling ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Visual fatigue caused by prolonged work viewing a Visual Display Terminals (VDT) and of work reading a hard-copy were assessed by electromyogram (EMG) waveform and electrooculogram (EOG) waveform in spontaneous blinks as objective criteria, and by questionnaire of subjective feeling, and by task performance. The duration and the amplitude of the EMG of the orbicularis ocular muscle on the right side and the EOG of the vertical direction to the eyelid were measured for 10 subjects who participated in a figure task consisting of the addition of single-digit numbers on a VDT work or a work with a hard-copy. The mean values of the duration and the amplitude of the EMG and the EOG were evaluated by the averaging of 10 waveforms of the spontaneous blinks for all subjects. The time lag from the EMG to the EOG in the process of the generation of spontaneous blinks was also analyzed. These five parameters were evaluated during the work time. The mean values for the duration of the EMG increased gradually during the work time, but the amplitude did not show significant difference between the prework and a work time. There was no significant change of the duration of the EOG, but the mean amplitude of the EOG decreased as the work time progressed, and the time lag significantly extended. The blinks frequency increased relatively when using a VDT. The rate of fluctuation for these parameters was higher during use of a VDT than use of a hard-copy. The time lag at five hours of VDT work was extended by 90% based on the value at the prework. The symptoms of general fatigue and fatigue of the eyes increased linearly during the VDT work for six hours. The results indicated a significant correlation between the objective parameters for the activity of the spontaneous blinks, i.e., duration and amplitude of EMG and EOG, and the time lag between EMG and EOG, and the subjective feeling was recognized in the time course of the task. These experimental results suggested that the parameters regarding the EMG and the EOG for the spontaneous blinks were effective indices for assessing visual fatigue during prolonged VDT work.

A model for evaluating visual fatigue under LED light sources based on long-term visual display terminal work

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 729-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Wang ◽  
X Zhong ◽  
Y Tu ◽  
L Wang ◽  
Y Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Display ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
Subjective Data ◽  
Led Light ◽  
Visual Display Terminal ◽  
Physiological Signal ◽  
Validation Experiment ◽  
Using Data

Using data derived from eight hours work at a visual display terminal, a model for evaluating visual fatigue under LED light sources has been developed based on five ophthalmological parameters and three physiological signals. A simplified model based on one ophthalmological parameter and one physiological signal is also proposed. Both models show a high correlation with subjective data and are confirmed by a validation experiment. The results also show that the visual fatigue occurring after eight hours of visual display terminal work under LED lighting is rather small.

Curved Versus Flat Monitors: Interactive Effects of Display Curvature Radius and Display Size on Visual Search Performance and Visual Fatigue

2020 ◽  
pp. 001872082092271
Author(s):  
Gyouhyung Kyung ◽  
Sungryul Park
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Display Size ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Curvature Radius ◽  
Viewing Distance ◽  
Search Performance ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
Visual Display Terminal ◽  
Search Tasks ◽  
Curved Displays

Objective The aim of this study is to examine the interactive effects of display curvature radius and display size on visual search accuracy, visual search speed, and visual fatigue. Background Although the advantages of curved displays have been reported, little is known about the interactive effects of display curvature radius and size. Method Twenty-seven individuals performed visual search tasks at a viewing distance of 50 cm using eight configurations involving four display curvature radii (400R, 600R, 1200R, and flat) and two display sizes (33″ and 50″). To simulate curved screens, five flat display panels were horizontally arranged with their centers concentrically repositioned following each display curvature radius. Results For accuracy, speed, and fatigue, 33″–600R and 50″–600R provided the best or comparable-to-best results, whereas 50″–flat provided the worst results. For accuracy and fatigue, 33″–flat was the second worst. The changes in the horizontal field of view and viewing angle due to display curvature as well as the association between effective display curvature radii and empirical horopter (loci of perceived equidistance) can explain these results. Conclusion The interactive effects of display curvature radius and size were evident for visual search performance and fatigue. Beneficial effects of curved displays were maintained across 33″ and 50″, whereas increasing flat display size from 33″ to 50″ was detrimental. Application For visual search tasks at a viewing distance of 50 cm, 33″–600R and 50″ 600R displays are recommended, as opposed to 33″ and 50″ flat displays. Wide flat displays must be carefully considered for visual display terminal tasks.

Accommodation and visual fatigue in visual display terminal (VDT) work

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (S185) ◽  
pp. 175-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Shen ◽  
S. B. Chiu ◽  
A. H. Wang ◽  
L. S. Ko
Keyword(s):  
Visual Display ◽  
Visual Fatigue ◽  
Visual Display Terminal

Operational “Feel” Adjustment by Reinforcement Learning for a Power-Assisted Positioning Task

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 671-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetsuya Morizono ◽  
◽  
Yoji Yamada ◽  
Masatake Higashi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Impedance Control ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Multiple Goals ◽  
And Task

Controlling “feel” when operating a power-assist robot is important for improving robot operability, user satisfaction, and task performance efficiency. Autonomous adjustment of “feel” is considered with robots under impedance control, and reinforcement learning in adjustment when a task includes repetitive positioning is discussed. Experimental results demonstrate that an operational “feel” pattern appropriate for positioning at a goal is developed by adjustment. Adjustment assuming a single fixed goal is expanded to cases including multiple goals, in which it is assumed that one goal is chosen by a user in real time. To adjust operational “feel” to individual goals, an algorithm infers the goal. The same result as that for a single fixed goal is obtained in experiments, but experimental results suggest that design must be improved to where the accuracy of inference to the goal is taken into account by the adjustment learning algorithm.

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