Challenging Areas in Flow Measurement

1988 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 229-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
F C Kinghorn
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Flow Measurement ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Multi Phase Flow ◽  
Special Solutions ◽  
Multi Phase

Flow measurement has many applications and a wide range of techniques is used. In many industrial sectors there are particular difficulties in measuring flowrate and often special solutions are required. Some of the problems in the oil and gas, biotechnology, automobile and water supply industries are described and the shortcomings or difficulties associated with the methods currently being used are identified. There are also numerous technical difficulties which span several industrial sectors and the topics of multi-phase flow, direct mass flow measurement, pipework configuration effects and computational fluid dynamics are covered, although it is recognised that these are only a few of a very much larger number of difficult areas.

Modelling of transient flow of piston ring-liner contact using synthetic lubricants

2021 ◽  
pp. 135065012110505
Author(s):  
Anastasios Zavos ◽  
Pantelis G Nikolakopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Piston Ring ◽  
Transient Flow ◽  
Lower Boundary ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Asperity Contact ◽  
Multi Phase Flow ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
The Impact

The paper contains the results of the transient flow of piston ring conjunction of a single-cylinder motorbike engine. Calculations of piston ring forces, asperity contact and gas blow-by are determined in computational fluid dynamics. The stochastic model of Greenwood-Tripp approach is used to predict the load of asperities. The hydrodynamic friction is also calculated by means of computational fluid dynamics including the multi-phase flow through Rayleigh–Plesset equation and a discrete phase model for simulating nanoparticles interaction. The major contribution of this analysis is to specifically investigate the impact of the lubricant with additives and the corresponding transient effects such as hydrodynamic pressure, cavitation and lubricant film within the contact. The results indicate that to investigate realistic mechanisms of multi-phase flow in piston ring-liner contact, the contribution of nanoparticles should be matched with the type of lubricants. In addition, this advanced computational fluid dynamics model showed that nanoparticles motion is important in reciprocating line contacts, leading to lower boundary friction in the order of 8.8% than a simple model where cavitation and nanoparticles are ignored.

Assessment of Computational Fluid Dynamics for Predicting Possible Cavitation and Choked Flow Inside Excess Flow Valves

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nafiseh Banazadeh-Neishabouri ◽  
Siamack A. Shirazi ◽  
Jud Smalley ◽  
Mike Lybarger
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Vapor Flow ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Choked Flow ◽  
Multi Phase Flow ◽  
Multi Phase

Abstract Cavitation and choked flow conditions can occur when high-pressure drops are encounters in various types of valves, which prevent them to work properly and may cause severe erosion damage inside the valves that decrease their lifetime. Prediction of these critical conditions leads to the prevention of cavitation and helps to improve the design of the valve geometries to delay and prevent these critical flow conditions. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is a powerful tool that can be used to simulate flow conditions and to predict the incipient of cavitation and consequently choked flow in the valve through solving the Time Averaged Navier-Stokes equations under multi-phase flow conditions. Therefore, CFD simulations have been conducted for two types of excess flow valves. The mixture multi-phase flow solution method along with the k-ε realizable turbulence model has been utilized to solve the behavior of vapor flow inside the valve and simulate the cavitation phenomenon. It was observed that CFD could capture the inception of cavitation and choked flow inside the valve successfully. Simulated CFD results also indicated a good agreement with experimental data that were obtained under lower pressure drop conditions. The effects of various inlet pressures on the cavitation intensity have been also studied, and it was concluded that at higher inlet pressure with constant pressure outlet the cavitation strength is greater than lower inlet pressures.

Electrical Impedance Sensors for Multi-phase Flow Measurement: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Ziqiang Cui ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Kai Gao ◽  
Zihan Xia ◽  
Huaxiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Flow Measurement ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Multi Phase Flow ◽  
Multi Phase

scholarly journals A proposed NMR solution for multi-phase flow fluid detection

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1148-1158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Feng Shi ◽  
Feng Deng ◽  
Li-Zhi Xiao ◽  
Hua-Bing Liu ◽  
Feng-Qin Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Straight Tube ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Antenna Structure ◽  
Oil And Gas Wells ◽  
Multi Phase Flow ◽  
Multi Phase

Abstract In the petroleum industry, detection of multi-phase fluid flow is very important in both surface and down-hole measurements. Accurate measurement of high rate of water or gas multi-phase flow has always been an academic and industrial focus. NMR is an efficient and accurate technique for the detection of fluids; it is widely used in the determination of fluid compositions and properties. This paper is aimed to quantitatively detect multi-phase flow in oil and gas wells and pipelines and to propose an innovative method for online nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) detection. The online NMR data acquisition, processing and interpretation methods are proposed to fill the blank of traditional methods. A full-bore straight tube design without pressure drop, a Halbach magnet structure design with zero magnetic leakage outside the probe, a separate antenna structure design without flowing effects on NMR measurement and automatic control technology will achieve unattended operation. Through the innovation of this work, the application of NMR for the real-time and quantitative detection of multi-phase flow in oil and gas wells and pipelines can be implemented.

Tomography for multi-phase flow measurement in the oil industry

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 145-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Ismail ◽  
J.C. Gamio ◽  
S.F.A. Bukhari ◽  
W.Q. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Flow Measurement ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Multi Phase Flow ◽  
Multi Phase

scholarly journals Enhanced production surveillance using probabilistic dynamic models

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Tewari ◽  
Stijn De Waele ◽  
Niranjan Subrahmanya
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Multi Phase Flow ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
Water Gas

Production surveillance is the task of monitoring oil and gas production from every well in a hydrocarbon field. A key opportunity in this domain is to improve the accuracy of flow measurements per phase (oil, water, gas) from a multi-phase flow. Multi-phase flow sensors are costly and therefore not instrumented for every production well. Instead, several low fidelity surrogate measurements are performed that capture different aspects of the flow. These measurements are then reconciled to obtain per-phase rate estimates. Current practicesmay not appropriately account for the production dynamics and the sensor issues, thus, fall far short in terms of achieving a desired surveillance accuracy. To improve surveillance accuracy, we pose rate reconciliation as a state estimation problem. We begin with hypothesizing a model that describes the dynamics of production rates and their relationship with thefield measurements. The model appropriately accounts for the uncertainties in field conditions and measurements. We then develop robust probabilistic estimators for reconciliationto yield the production estimates and the uncertainties therein. We highlight recent advancements in the area of probabilistic programming that can go a long way in improving the performance and the portability of such estimators. The exposition of our methods is accompanied by experiments in a simulation environment to illustrate improved surveillance accuracy achieved in different production scenarios.

scholarly journals Multi-Phase Flow Metering in Offshore Oil and Gas Transportation Pipelines: Trends and Perspectives

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lærke Skov Hansen ◽  
Simon Pedersen ◽  
Petar Durdevic
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Wrong Decision ◽  
Flow Meters ◽  
Multi Phase Flow ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
Offshore Oil

Multi-phase flow meters are of huge importance to the offshore oil and gas industry. Unreliable measurements can lead to many disadvantages and even wrong decision-making. It is especially important for mature reservoirs as the gas volume fraction and water cut is increasing during the lifetime of a well. Hence, it is essential to accurately monitor the multi-phase flow of oil, water and gas inside the transportation pipelines. The objective of this review paper is to present the current trends and technologies within multi-phase flow measurements and to introduce the most promising methods based on parameters such as accuracy, footprint, safety, maintenance and calibration. Typical meters, such as tomography, gamma densitometry and virtual flow meters are described and compared based on their performance with respect to multi-phase flow measurements. Both experimental prototypes and commercial solutions are presented and evaluated. For a non-intrusive, non-invasive and inexpensive meter solution, this review paper predicts a progress for virtual flow meters in the near future. The application of multi-phase flows meters are expected to further expand in the future as fields are maturing, thus, efficient utilization of existing fields are in focus, to decide if a field is still financially profitable.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document