Review on Different Software Tools for Deep Learning

Deep Learning Applications are being applied in various domains in recent years. Training a deep learning model is a very time consuming task. But, many open source frameworks are available to simplify this task. In this review paper we have discussed the features of some popular open source software tools available for deep learning along with their advantages and disadvantages. Software tools discussed in this paper are Tensorflow, Keras, Pytorch, Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit (CNTK). Keywords: Deep Learning, Frameworks, Open Source, Tensorflow, Pytorch, Keras, CNTK

Ransomware Attacks in History of Cyber World

Technology advancement since last few decades creates cyber attack a critical issue. Cyber security has become an important part today. It has also become an important and crucial subject in the field of forensic science. Increased in the growth of internet technology and internet devices have increased the risk of cyber attack. Almost every organization today are depends on the internet and devices. There are many types of cyber attack. This paper is the detailed review about Ransomware attack. This paper is consisted about vast of the information about What is Ransomware Attack, how does it work, how ransomware attack emerged. After reading this paper you will learn about the ransomware attacks in history of cyber world. This will help you to learn and understand about ransomware attack, how to prevent yourself from ransomware attack. As a forensic science student, it is always important to be aware about the attacks that have happened in the history of cyber world. Before writing this paper, I have read and analyze many research paper and internet articles, so that I can write a detailed review paper which can help students and for the forensic awareness. Keywords: Cyberattack, Hacking, Ransomware, cyberworld, cyber security, ransomware, forensic, network security

A Review on Natural Fibre-Reinforced Biopolymer Composites: Properties and Applications

In ongoing decades, material researchers and scientists are giving more consideration towards the improvement of biobased polymer composites as various employments of items arranged by natural fibres and petrochemical polymers prompt natural awkwardness. The goal of this review paper is to provide an intensive review and applications of the foremost appropriate commonly used biodegradable polymer composites. It is imperative to build up the completely/incompletely biodegradable polymer composites without bargaining the mechanical, physical, and thermal properties which are required for the end-use applications. This reality roused to create biocomposite with better execution alongside the least natural effect. The utilization of natural fibre-reinforced polymer composites is concerned with the mechanical properties that are highly dependent on the morphology, hydrophilic tendency, aspect ratio, and dimensional stability of the natural fibre. With this in-depth consideration of eco-friendly biocomposites, structural application materials in the infrastructure, automotive industry, and consumer applications of the following decade are attainable within the near future.

Spending on K-12 Public Education: The Lebanese Case

The purpose of this paper was to examine the public spending on education in Lebanon, in order to make recommendations for executives to strategize this sector. This is a desk review paper that uses secondary resources, using rigorous criteria for document selection. The paper overviews the importance of spending on education and its relationship with the overall quality of education. It highlights the different factors affecting public spending peculiar to the Lebanese context, the various challenges confronting the Lebanese K-12 public education sector, and the spending of Lebanon on it. It provides recommendations for stakeholders and policy-makers on areas that require more attention in terms of spending.

Recent Developments in the Application of Inorganic Nanomaterials and Nanosystems for the Protection of Cultural Heritage Organic Artifacts

Cultural heritage (CH) represents human identity and evidence of the existence and activities that people have left over time. In response to the action of aggressive degrading factors, different materials have been developed and used to protect cultural heritage artifacts. The discovery of optimal materials for this purpose also raises several problems, mainly related to their compatibility with the support material, the most important aspect being that they must preserve their aesthetic characteristics. In this context, the present review paper aims to provide a critical discussion about the possibilities of using different inorganic nanomaterials and recipes for the conservation of cultural heritage objects of organic nature (such as paper, wood, and other support materials). In addition, also are covered different aspect concerning protection mechanisms and application methods as well as future perspectives in this area.

Applying Assessment Principles during Emergency Remote Teaching: Challenges and Considerations

One of the main challenges higher educational institutions encounter amid the recent COVID-19 crisis is transferring assessment approaches from the traditional face-to-face form to the online Emergency Remote Teaching approach. A set of language assessment principles, practicality, reliability, validity, authenticity, and washback, which can be applied to any academic subject, are critical within the design of any task that aims to assess learning. This review paper discusses how assessment approaches need to be modified in a time of crisis. It determines the position assessment should adopt within emergency remote teaching methods and analyzes the fundamental characteristics of five principles of assessment and how they can be accomplished with emergency remote teaching approaches. Furthermore, this paper evaluates the vulnerability and viability of the five assessment principles, examines the application of online assessment on a holistic level, and puts forward a set of recommendations to ensure the assessment principles are achieved within emergency remote learning contexts. The paper concludes with the notion that the construct of time, which is inherent within the principle of practicality, is the most significant when developing online assessments as it is this characteristic that is the most at risk. In addition, we suggest that the assessments that are implemented during emergency remote learning involve open-ended, as opposed to close-ended, questions and highlight the importance of educators demonstrating flexibility and understanding toward their students.

Nonlinear optical single crystals for terahertz generation and detection

Nonlinear optical (NLO) single crystals with high quality are the pillars for the development of new devices that fulfil the demands of society. Nowadays, NLO single crystals are very attractive for the photonic applications particularly for terahertz (THz) photonics. The reason for their popularity is that these crystals can produce very powerful and ultra wideband THz waves due to their high nonlinear susceptibility. In this review paper, we deal with the challenges and progresses in the evolution of NLO single crystals for THz wave generation and detection. Here, we review the single crystal growth that how and by which method single crystal is grown. We summarize the structures, intermolecular and intramolecular interactions, their properties and how they generate and detect the THz waves. Widely used single crystals at present are DAST, BNA, OH1, amino acid-based single crystals, etc.