Traumatic life events and development of post-traumatic stress disorder among female factory workers in a developing country

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Jennelle Fitch ◽  
Xiao Yu ◽  
Lung-Chang Chien ◽  
Mohammad Monjurul Karim ◽  
Hasanat Alamgir
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Factory Workers ◽  
Garment Workers ◽  
Traumatic Life Events ◽  
Post Traumatic

Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be more prevalent and burdensome in developing countries. Aims: The goals of this study were to (1) determine the prevalence of PTSD, (2) identify types and number of traumas related to screening positive for PTSD and (3) determine other sociodemographic risk factors and health/medical conditions that may be correlated to PTSD among garment-factory workers and a comparable working population in Bangladesh. Method: A survey was administered to a convenient sample of 607 lower socio-economic status (SES) working women in Bangladesh, 310 of who were garment workers. The primary outcome PTSD was measured by the PTSD Checklist. The Life Events Checklist determined the number and type of traumatic events. Results: The prevalence of PTSD was found to be 17.79% – 7.25% in garment workers and 21.55% in the comparison worker group. In multivariate analysis, PTSD was found to be significantly associated with age, income, chronic pain and number of stressful events. Participants between 45–50 years of age had the greatest odds of reporting PTSD – 15.68 fold (95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.08, 60.29) compared with those younger than 24 years. PTSD was more common in those with lower income (2,000–4,000 taka) (odds ratio (OR) = 1.60; 95% CI = 0.79, 3.26), who had chronic pain (OR = 2.48; 95% CI = 1.51, 4.07) and who experienced over three traumatic life events (OR = 11.25; 95% CI = 4.59, 27.59). The mean number of traumatic events experienced by this entire population was 4.9 with PTSD being more likely in those who experienced physical assault (OR = 6.35; 95% CI = 4.07, 9.90), who caused serious harm or death to someone else (OR = 4.80; 95% CI = 1.36, 16.87) and who had exposure to combat or war (OR = 4.76; 95% CI = 1.17, 19.34). Conclusion: Undiagnosed and untreated PTSD impacts the quality of life and decrease worker productivity among working-age women in this developing country.

scholarly journals The network structure of ICD ‐11 complex post‐traumatic stress disorder across different traumatic life events

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-401
Author(s):  
Thanos Karatzias ◽  
Mark Shevlin ◽  
Philip Hyland ◽  
Menachem Ben‐Ezra ◽  
Marylène Cloitre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Traumatic Life Events ◽  
Post Traumatic

Post-traumatic stress disorder and risky opioid use among persons living with HIV and chronic pain

AIDS Care ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Elenore Bhatraju ◽  
Jane M. Liebschutz ◽  
Sara Lodi ◽  
Leah S. Forman ◽  
Marlene C. Lira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Living With Hiv

scholarly journals Resilience in the aftermath of war trauma: a critical review and commentary

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 20140008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brett T. Litz
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
War Trauma ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Traumatic Life Events ◽  
Military Trauma ◽  
The Face ◽  
Post Traumatic

The resilience construct has received a great deal of attention as a result of the long wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. The discourse about resilience, especially the promise of promoting it and mitigating risk for serious post-traumatic negative outcomes among service members and veterans, is hopeful and encouraging. Remarkably, most service members exposed to horrific war trauma are not incapacitated by the experience. Yet, resilience is elusive and fleeting for many veterans of war. In this paper, I address some of the complexities about resilience in the context of exposure to war stressors and I offer some assumptions and heuristics that stem from my involvement in the dialogue about resilience and from experiences helping prevent post-traumatic stress disorder among active-duty service members with military trauma. My goal is to use my observations and applied experiences as an instructive context to raise critical questions for the field about resilience in the face of traumatic life-events.

Post-traumatic stress disorder among patients with chronic pain and chronic fatigue

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. ROY-BYRNE ◽  
W. R. SMITH ◽  
J. GOLDBERG ◽  
N. AFARI ◽  
D. BUCHWALD
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Psychiatric Evaluation ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Tender Points ◽  
Post Traumatic

Background. Fibromyalgia (FM), a chronic pain condition of unknown aetiology often develops following a traumatic event. FM has been associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depression disorder (MDD).Method. Patients seen in a referral clinic (N=571) were evaluated for FM and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) criteria. Patients completed questionnaires, and underwent a physical examination and a structured psychiatric evaluation. Critical components of the diagnostic criteria of FM (tender points and diffuse pain) and CFS (persistent debilitating fatigue and four of eight associated symptoms) were examined for their relationship with PTSD.Results. The prevalence of lifetime PTSD was 20% and lifetime MDD was 42%. Patients who had both tender points and diffuse pain had a higher prevalence of PTSD (OR=3·4, 95% CI 2·0–5·8) compared with those who had neither of these FM criteria. Stratification by MDD and adjustment for sociodemographic factors and chronic fatigue revealed that the association of PTSD with FM criteria was confined to those with MDD. Patients with MDD who met both components of the FM criteria had a three-fold increase in the prevalence of PTSD (95% CI 1·5–7·1); conversely, FM patients without MDD showed no increase in PTSD (OR=1·3, 95% CI 0·5–3·2). The components of the CFS criteria were not significantly associated with PTSD.Conclusion. Optimal clinical care for patients with FM should include an assessment of trauma in general, and PTSD in particular. This study highlights the importance of considering co-morbid MDD as an effect modifier in analyses that explore PTSD in patients with FM.

scholarly journals Train accidents: Is there post-traumatic stress disorder in train drivers?

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-56
Author(s):  
Isabel da Conceição Lemos ◽  
Ivone Patrão
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Potentially Traumatic Events ◽  
Dissociative Experiences ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Train Drivers

Aim The objective of this study is to verify whether there is a correlation between PTSD, Depression, Life Events and Experiences of Dissociation Peritraumatic, and what is the effect of these variables on PTSD. Railway accidents are considered potentially traumatic events and one of the consequences is the development of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). There are few studies that focus on the association between train accidents and the development of PTSD on train drivers. Method In total, 216 male train drivers with a mean age of 44.85 (SD = 5.70), completed the Portuguese versions of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), the List of Life Events – Clinician Administered (CAPS), the PTSD Checklist Civilian Version (PCL-C) and the Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire (PDEQ). Results A prevalence of PTSD symptoms in train drivers (8.3%) was revealed, as well as the existence of a significant correlation between PTSD and the main variables: Depression (r = .70, p < .001), Life Events (r = .25, p < .001) and Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences (r = .63, p < .001), and also that variables BDI-II (β = .51, t = 9.60, p < .001) and PDEQ (β = .34, t = 6.24, p < .001) have a significant impact at the PCL-C (R² = .58). Conclusion According to the results obtained and taking into account that 8.3% of train drivers present symptoms of PTSD, we consider important the existence of a reparative and preventive psychological support after the railway accident, in order to minimize the psychological impact on train drivers.

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Chronic Pain in the Military

2020 ◽  
pp. 189-202
Author(s):  
Jordana L. Sommer ◽  
Rachel Roy ◽  
Pamela L. Holens ◽  
Renée El-Gabalawy
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
The United States ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Psychosocial Effects ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Military Populations ◽  
Post Traumatic

This chapter summarizes the current literature on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and chronic pain among military personnel in Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom, including an overview of clinical features, prevalence, correlates, comorbidity, assessment, and intervention. PTSD and chronic pain are both prevalent among military populations and commonly co-occur; however, prevalence estimates tend to vary in the literature, according to type of assessment, timing of assessment, and subsample of interest. Both PTSD and chronic pain are independently associated with various adverse correlates such as psychiatric and physical health comorbidity, and research suggests there are poorer health and adverse psychosocial effects when these conditions co-occur. These findings highlight the importance of adequate prevention, screening, and interventions among this population.

scholarly journals Post-traumatic stress disorder in Israeli children

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-8
Author(s):  
Sam Tyano
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Scientific Interest ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Adverse Life Events ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
New Situation

Unfortunately, terrorism, violence and other acute adverse life events have become a world-wide problem. There is no country today that is protected from these phenomena and people can no longer feel safe anywhere. This new situation has increased both the scientific interest in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the amount of research conducted on this issue.

Autism Spectrum Disorder and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: An unexplored co-occurrence of conditions

Autism ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 884-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirit Haruvi-Lamdan ◽  
Danny Horesh ◽  
Shani Zohar ◽  
Meital Kraus ◽  
Ofer Golan
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Adults With Autism ◽  
Post Traumatic

People with Autism Spectrum Disorder show an increased risk of experiencing potentially traumatic events, particularly social victimization. However, Autism Spectrum Disorder and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder co-occurrence was hardly studied. We examined exposure to potentially traumatic life events and PTSD symptoms in adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder vs typical adults. Twenty-five adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder and 25 typical adults were comparable on age and gender. Participants self-reported on potentially traumatic life events of social and non-social nature, and on PTSD symptoms related to their most distressing event. Results showed higher rates of probable-Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in the Autism Spectrum Disorder group (32%) compared with the typical adults group (4%). Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder reported more PTSD symptoms, particularly re-experiencing and hyper-arousal, compared with typical adults, although the latter was elevated only in females with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Participants with Autism Spectrum Disorder, especially females, reported more negative life events, particularly social events, than typical adults. Sixty percent of Autism Spectrum Disorder participants, but only 20% of typical adults, chose a social event as their most distressing event. Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder and probable-Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder co-occurrence presented poorer social skills compared with those with Autism Spectrum Disorder alone. Results indicate increased vulnerability of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder to trauma and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, especially due to social stressors. Females with Autism Spectrum Disorder may be particularly vulnerable to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Lay Abstract People with Autism Spectrum Disorder show an increased risk of experiencing traumatic events, particularly social victimization. However, Autism Spectrum Disorder and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder co-occurrence was hardly studied. We examined exposure to traumatic life events and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder symptoms in adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder vs typical adults. Two groups took part in this study: Twenty-five adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder and 25 typical adults of similar age and male to female ratio. Participants completed questionnaires on potentially traumatic life events of social and non-social nature, as well as on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder symptoms related to their most distressing event. Participants also filled out an autism traits questionnaire. Results showed a higher Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder rate in the Autism Spectrum Disorder group (32%) compared with the typical group (4%). Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder reported more Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder symptoms, particularly re-experiencing and increased physiological arousal, compared with typical adults, although the latter was elevated only in females with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Participants with Autism Spectrum Disorder, especially females, reported more negative life events, particularly social events, than typical adults. Sixty percent of Autism Spectrum Disorder participants, but only 20% of typical participants, chose a social event as their most distressing event. Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder who were also suspected as having Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (based on their questionnaires) presented poorer social skills compared with those with Autism Spectrum Disorder alone. Results indicate that individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder are more susceptible to trauma and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, particularly due to social stressors. Females with Autism Spectrum Disorder may be especially vulnerable to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder.

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