Coping, Not Choking, Under the Pressure of a Terrorist Attack: A Crisis Leadership Coping Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 002188632110665
Author(s):  
Synnøve Nesse ◽  
Inger G. Stensaker
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Crisis Leadership ◽  
Mass Casualties ◽  
Holding Environment ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Organizational Crises ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Coping Model

Organizational crises, especially those of an extreme nature that include threats to survival and mass casualties, are deeply psychologically challenging for leaders. Previous research has focused on the effectiveness of leaders’ crisis management without much consideration for how leaders manage their own crisis reactions. This study was carried out in the crisis management facilities at the headquarters of a multinational energy corporation while a terrorist attack was ongoing in one of its subsidiaries. The unique access and data provide insights into how leaders react to crises and seek support by using different coping strategies. We develop a three-phase model (acceptance, psychological flexibility, and commitment) that illustrates the in-situ creation of a holding environment to support leaders in coping, not choking, under the pressure of a life-threatening crisis.

A Multicentric non-interventional observational study to determine treatment patterns and response of drugs in various stages of breast cancer along with epidemiology

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Mukkamala Durga Niharika ◽  
Shaik Kulsumbi ◽  
Devagiri Anupama ◽  
Tadigiri Vineela Supriya ◽  
Kotari Navya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Guntur District ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Hormone Receptor Expression

Cancer is a life-threatening disease which causes to lose cohesiveness and orderliness of normal tissue. These malignant cells can spread to any other organ through blood flow or lymphatic flow and develop malignancy over there; this phenomenon is called metastasis. The aim is to focus on treatment pattern and response of drugs in various stages of breast cancer along with epidemiology. It is a non- interventional multicentric observational study. Female patients confirmed with Breast cancer are included in the study. All the relevant data were collected on a patient demographic form after obtaining informed consent from individual patients. In our study, the mean age of presentation in breast cancer patients was 41.35 years. Further it was found that 40.5% (n = 81) majority-female patients with Breast cancer are from Guntur District and 21.5% (n= 43). The majority of women with Breast cancer have hormone receptor expression of ER+/PR+HER2- was found to be 33% (n= 50). In the study on analyzing comorbidities of the study population, it was noted that 28.5% of women were affected with Diabetes mellitus. In our study, it was found that most of the patients with Breast cancer have been most often prescribed with Adriamycin 27.86%. From these observations, we conclude that late menarche may be one of the etiological causes of breast cancer in women, Invasive carcinoma in situ is the most commonly reported breast cancer in the study. Patients have been diagnosed with breast cancer at their stage 3 of progression, which may be the reason for making it mandatory for more than 50% of patients to undergo 6 to 8 cycles of chemotherapy. Coming to the patterns of drug use, ADRIAMYCIN, CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE and DOCETAXEL are the three most commonly used single drug and combinational drug therapies among the study population.

scholarly journals Complexifying Facilitation by Immersing in Lived Experiences of on-the-fly Facilitation

2021 ◽  
pp. 104687812110067
Author(s):  
Joeri van Laere ◽  
Jessica Lindblom ◽  
Marieke de Wijse-van Heeswijk
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Simulation Game ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Facilitation Skills ◽  
Future Consequences ◽  
Training Exercises ◽  
Management Staff

Background: Describing the role of a facilitator often results in to-do lists resembling a recipe or a laundry list to follow. Such lists fail to grasp the inherent complexity of facilitation and are not very useful in guiding facilitators when, why and if they should intervene in the unfolding live performance of that day. Aim: To develop a deeper understanding of on-the-fly facilitation by analyzing rich empirical accounts of in-situ facilitation episodes. Intervention: Six facilitation episodes were through purposeful sampling selected from a body of hundreds of interventions in forty-seven performed crisis management training exercises in Swedish municipalities. Each full-day crisis management simulation-game had between fifteen and fifty participants involving politicians, administrative managers and crisis management staff. Method: An auto-hermeneutical phenomenological analysis of six lived experiences of facilitation episodes was conducted to understand what the facilitator observed and how a facilitation intervention was applied. Results: On-the-fly-facilitation is instantaneous, but draws simultaneously on awareness of the past, present and future. Facilitation needs are foreseen during design and they influence current attentiveness and coaching. Unfolding game-play needs to be grasped quickly. Potential future consequences of intervening or not intervening are evaluated within a limited window of opportunity. Due to these circumstances, facilitation is multi-skilled, arbitrary and fallible. Such muddiness of on-the-fly facilitation requires courage from the facilitator. Conclusions: In order to better understand how facilitation skills and roles actually are performed, the facilitation literature desperately needs a larger number of rich empirical accounts of interesting in-situ facilitation. Elaborate analysis of such lived experiences could develop understanding as to how available skills, situational circumstances as well as the unfolding interaction between players and facilitators actually develop into a facilitation intervention. This could generate more complex theoretical understanding of how to apply facilitation skills, in addition to theories that list what skills a facilitator should master.

scholarly journals In Situ Characterisation of Three-Phase Flow in Mixed-Wet Porous Media Using Synchrotron Imaging.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio Scanziani ◽  
Abdulla Alhosani ◽  
Qingyang Lin ◽  
Catherine Spurin ◽  
Gaetano Garfi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Media ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Three Phase Flow ◽  
Synchrotron Imaging

The Effect of Crises on Leadership

2013 ◽  
pp. 50-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazmi Çesmeci ◽  
Süleyman Özkaynak ◽  
Deniz Ünsalan
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Crisis Leadership ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Political Crises ◽  
Modern Economy ◽  
Testing Ground ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Impact

Crises can be regarded as the nursery of leadership in a way. They have both created new leaders and have also proved to be a testing ground for the existing leaders, as well as a filter where the inefficient have been eliminated. Man-made crises have been classified as social, economical, and political crises up to recent times. With the development of modern markets, new financial tools have emerged. Those financial tools have the function of regulating the modern economy, but also they have the handicap of propagating their own crises from the economic field to social and political areas. In this context, crises give way to radical changes in the management paradigm. In such an environment, the leadership virtues of the previous paradigm period turn out to be insufficient. Institutions used to survive during the crisis periods by employing their crisis management plans. However, crises gain a permanent nature during the modern times and tactical crisis management becomes insufficient in the new environment. The phenomenon of permanent crisis forces leadership to have some special virtues. Therefore, it becomes necessary to define a new type of leadership, namely “strategic crisis leadership.” The aim of this chapter is to examine the impact of crises on leadership virtues and express reflections on the new type of leadership in the new paradigmal period.

scholarly journals Insights into IgM-mediated complement activation based on in situ structures of IgM-C1-C4b

2019 ◽  
pp. 201901841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H. Sharp ◽  
Aimee L. Boyle ◽  
Christoph A. Diebolder ◽  
Alexander Kros ◽  
Abraham J. Koster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Complement Activation ◽  
Lipid Membranes ◽  
Product Release ◽  
Limiting Step ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Conformational Rearrangements

Antigen binding by serum Ig-M (IgM) protects against microbial infections and helps to prevent autoimmunity, but causes life-threatening diseases when mistargeted. How antigen-bound IgM activates complement-immune responses remains unclear. We present cryoelectron tomography structures of IgM, C1, and C4b complexes formed on antigen-bearing lipid membranes by normal human serum at 4 °C. The IgM-C1-C4b complexes revealed C4b product release as the temperature-limiting step in complement activation. Both IgM hexamers and pentamers adopted hexagonal, dome-shaped structures with Fab pairs, dimerized by hinge domains, bound to surface antigens that support a platform of Fc regions. C1 binds IgM through widely spread C1q-collagen helices, with C1r proteases pointing outward and C1s bending downward and interacting with surface-attached C4b, which further interacts with the adjacent IgM-Fab2and globular C1q-recognition unit. Based on these data, we present mechanistic models for antibody-mediated, C1q-transmitted activation of C1 and for C4b deposition, while further conformational rearrangements are required to form C3 convertases.

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