scholarly journals Effects of Starch on Oral Health: Systematic Review to Inform WHO Guideline

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Halvorsrud ◽  
J. Lewney ◽  
D. Craig ◽  
P.J. Moynihan
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Caries Risk ◽  
Oral Cancer Risk ◽  
Dietary Starch ◽  
Quality Evidence ◽  
Total Starch

A systematic review was conducted to update evidence on the effect of total dietary starch and of replacing rapidly digestible starches (RDSs) with slowly digestible starches (SDSs) on oral health outcomes to inform updating of World Health Organization guidance on carbohydrate intake. Data sources included MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, LILACS, and Wanfang. Eligible studies were comparative and reported any intervention with a different starch content of diets or foods and data on oral health outcomes relating to dental caries, periodontal disease, or oral cancer. Studies that reported total dietary starch intake or change in starch intake were included or where comparisons or exposure included diets and foods that compared RDSs and/or SDSs. The review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses) statement, and evidence was assessed with the GRADE Working Group guidelines. From 6,080 papers identified, 33 (28 studies) were included in the RDS versus SDS comparison: 15 (14 studies) assessed the relationship between SDS and/or RDS and dental caries; 16 (12 studies) considered oral cancer; and 2 studied periodontal disease. For total starch, 23 papers (22 studies) were included: 22 assessed the effects on dental caries, and 1 considered oral cancer. GRADE assessment indicated low-quality evidence, suggesting no association between total starch intake and caries risk but that RDS intake may significantly increase caries risk. Very low-quality evidence suggested no association between total starch and oral cancer risk, and low-quality evidence suggested that SDS decreases oral cancer risk. Data on RDS and oral cancer risk were inconclusive. Very low-quality data relating to periodontitis suggested a protective effect of whole grain starches (SDS). The best available evidence suggests that only RDS adversely affects oral health.

Socioeconomic inequalities and oral cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies

2008 ◽  
Vol 122 (12) ◽  
pp. 2811-2819 ◽  
Author(s):  
David I. Conway ◽  
Mark Petticrew ◽  
Helen Marlborough ◽  
Julien Berthiller ◽  
Mia Hashibe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Oral Cancer Risk

scholarly journals Citrus fruits intake and oral cancer risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 133 ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santa Cirmi ◽  
Michele Navarra ◽  
Jayne V. Woodside ◽  
Marie M. Cantwell
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Oral Cancer Risk

Does non-institutionalized elders have a better oral health status compared to institutionalized ones? A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 2177-2192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilky Pollansky Silva e Farias ◽  
Simone Alves de Sousa ◽  
Leopoldina de Fátima Dantas de Almeida ◽  
Bianca Marques Santiago ◽  
Antonio Carlos Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Institutionalized Elderly ◽  
Periodontal Status

Abstract This systematic review compared the oral health status between institutionalized and non-institutionalized elders. The following electronic databases were searched: PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs and Cochrane Library, in a comprehensive and unrestricted manner. Electronic searches retrieved 1687 articles, which were analyzed with regards to respective eligibility criteria. After reading titles and abstracts, five studies were included and analyzed with respect their methodological quality. Oral status of institutionalized and non-institutionalized elderly was compared through meta-analysis. Included articles involved a cross-sectional design, which investigated 1936 individuals aged 60 years and over, being 999 Institutionalized and 937 non-institutionalized elders. Studies have investigated the prevalence of edentulous individuals, the dental caries experience and the periodontal status. Meta-analysis revealed that institutionalized elderly have greater prevalence of edentulous (OR = 2.28, 95%CI = 1.68-3.07) and higher number of decayed teeth (MD = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.71-1.05) and missed teeth (MD = 4.58, 95%CI = 1.89-7.27). Poor periodontal status did not differ significantly between groups. Compared to non-institutionalized, institutionalized elders have worse dental caries experience.

scholarly journals Risk-Based Selection of Individuals for Oral Cancer Screening

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 663-674
Author(s):  
Li C. Cheung ◽  
Kunnambath Ramadas ◽  
Richard Muwonge ◽  
Hormuzd A. Katki ◽  
Gigi Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Mortality Reduction ◽  
Oral Cancer Screening ◽  
Oral Cancer Risk ◽  
Alcohol Users

PURPOSE: We evaluated proof of principle for resource-efficient, risk-based screening through reanalysis of the Kerala Oral Cancer Screening Trial. METHODS: The cluster-randomized trial included three triennial rounds of visual inspection (seven clusters, n = 96,516) versus standard of care (six clusters, n = 95,354) and up to 9 years of follow-up. We developed a Cox regression–based risk prediction model for oral cancer incidence. Using this risk prediction model to adjust for the oral cancer risk imbalance between arms, through intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses that accounted for cluster randomization, we calculated the relative (hazard ratios [HRs]) and absolute (rate differences [RDs]) screening efficacy on oral cancer mortality and compared screening efficiency across risk thresholds. RESULTS: Oral cancer mortality was reduced by 27% in the screening versus control arms (HR = 0.73; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.98), including a 29% reduction in ever-tobacco and/or ever-alcohol users (HR = 0.71; 95% CI, 0.51 to 0.99). This relative efficacy was similar across oral cancer risk quartiles ( P interaction = .59); consequently, the absolute efficacy increased with increasing model-predicted risk—overall trial: RD in the lowest risk quartile (Q1) = 0.5/100,000 versus 13.4/100,000 in the highest quartile (Q4), P trend = .059 and ever-tobacco and/or ever-alcohol users: Q1 RD = 1.0/100,000 versus Q4 = 22.5/100,000; P trend = .026. In a population akin to the Kerala trial, screening of 100% of individuals would provide 27.1% oral cancer mortality reduction at number needed to screen (NNS) = 2,043. Restriction of screening to ever-tobacco and/or ever-alcohol users with no additional risk stratification would substantially enhance efficiency (43.4% screened for 23.3% oral cancer mortality reduction at NNS = 1,029), whereas risk prediction model–based screening of 50% of ever-tobacco and/or ever-alcohol users at highest risk would further enhance efficiency with little loss in program sensitivity (21.7% screened for 19.7% oral cancer mortality reduction at NNS = 610). CONCLUSION: In the Kerala trial, the efficacy of oral cancer screening was greatest in individuals at highest oral cancer risk. These results provide proof of principle that risk-based oral cancer screening could substantially enhance the efficiency of screening programs.

Alcohol, tobacco and paan use and understanding of oral cancer risk among Asian males in Leicester

BDJ ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 188 (08) ◽  
pp. 444-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vora ◽  
C. Yeoman ◽  
J. Hayter
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Oral Cancer Risk

Mouthwash and oral cancer risk: An update

Oral Oncology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo La Vecchia
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Oral Cancer Risk
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