Antecedents and Correlates of Adolescent Employment: Race as a Moderator of Psychological Predictors

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 871-893
Author(s):  
Vonnie C. McLoyd ◽  
Samantha K. Hallman
Keyword(s):  
Panel Study ◽  
Educational Expectations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
Work Intensity ◽  
Adolescent Employment ◽  
Community Factors ◽  
Work Duration ◽  
Selection Factors ◽  
The Relationship

Adolescent employment during high school has become the norm in the United States, but studies of associated outcomes have yielded mixed results. These discrepant findings may be partly attributable to study methods, including differences in how adolescent employment is measured and how selection factors are taken into account. The present study, based on data from the Child Development Supplement of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, aims to continue untangling these complexities by (a) examining whether the strength of theoretical predictors varies when predictors are assessed in a comprehensive model that simultaneously controls several psychological, family, and community factors; (b) determining whether the strength of predictors varies depending on how adolescent employment is measured (work status, work duration, and work intensity); and (c) assessing whether race moderates some of these relationships. Results indicate differences in how each predictor is related to each dimension of adolescent employment, as well as a moderating effect of race on the relationship between educational expectations and number of hours adolescents worked each week.

Health in Early Adolescence and Paid Employment

2020 ◽  
pp. 0044118X2097242
Author(s):  
Robert Bozick ◽  
Narayan Sastry ◽  
Airan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
Adolescent Employment ◽  
Mixed Support ◽  
Transition Into Adulthood ◽  
Externalizing Problem Behaviors ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Externalizing Problem ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the relationship between health and adolescent employment. Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics’ Child Development Supplement and Transition into Adulthood Supplement, we examine a cohort of 2,925 youth who were followed from childhood into adolescence. We focus on two outcomes measured when sample members were ages 16, 17, and 18: employment status and average weekly hours worked. With these data, we test the hypothesis that youth with health conditions will be less likely to work and if they do work, they work fewer hours a week. We find mixed support for this hypothesis. Youth with sensory limitations, developmental disabilities, and externalizing problem behaviors are less likely to work than their peers without these conditions. However, conditional on being employed, youth with externalizing problem behaviors and ADHD work more hours a week than their peers without those conditions.

scholarly journals Intergenerational Mobility in the United States: What We Have Learned from the PSID

2018 ◽  
Vol 680 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhashkar Mazumder
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Intergenerational Mobility ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
Mobility Studies ◽  
Advanced Economies

This article reviews the contributions of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) to the study of intergenerational mobility. The PSID enables researchers to track individuals as they form new households and covers many dimensions of socioeconomic status over large portions of the life cycle, making the data ideal for studying intergenerational mobility. Studies have used PSID data to show that the United States is among the least economically mobile countries among advanced economies. The PSID has been instrumental to understanding various dimensions of intergenerational mobility, including occupation; wealth; education; consumption; health; and group differences by gender, race, and region. Studies using the PSID have also cast light on the mechanisms behind intergenerational persistence.

scholarly journals Where Are You From? Assortative Mating by Place of Origin in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAO-CHUN CHENG
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Assortative Mating ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Marriage Market ◽  
The United States ◽  
Place Identity ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
And Gender

Previous studies showed that assortative mating occurred based on different social dimensions, such as age, education, and race or ethnicity. However, these studies ignored the potential impact of place of origin on people’s place identity and habitus and their associations with assortative mating in the United States. Using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), in conjunction with the Current Population Survey (CPS), this study finds a clear pattern of assortative mating based on place of origin. Moreover, the results suggest that there are regional differences in assortative mating by place of origin, especially for women. Also, the length of residence shapes people’s habitus and thus the pattern of homogeneous matching by place of origin. The significant effects of race or ethnicity and the conditions of the marriage market before marriage vary by scale of place and gender. These findings suggest that place of origin is another dimension of assortative mating.

scholarly journals Tenure, Turnover, And Earnings Profiles In Germany And The United States

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth A. Couch
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Job Turnover ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
Employment Tenure ◽  
Returns To Experience ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Male Workers

Employment tenure, job turnover and returns to general and specific skills are examined for male workers in Germany and the United States using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel and the Panel Study of Income Dynamics.  Employment in Germany is characterized by longer duration and less frequent turnover than in the United States.  Returns to experience and tenure are lower in Germany than in the U.S.; however, peak earnings occur later.  This delayed peak in the employment-earnings profile provides an incentive for German workers to remain longer with their employers and change jobs less frequently.

scholarly journals Inequality in Place: Effects of Exposure to Neighborhood-Level Economic Inequality on Mortality

Demography ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Zhao ◽  
Philipp Hessel ◽  
Juli Simon Thomas ◽  
Jason Beckfield
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Income Dynamics ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Differential Exposure ◽  
The Life Course

Abstract This study contributes to the debate on whether income inequality is harmful for health by addressing several analytical weaknesses of previous studies. Using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics in combination with tract-level measures of income inequality in the United States, we estimate the effects of differential exposure to income inequality during three decades of the life course on mortality. Our study is among the first to consider the implications of income inequality within U.S. tracts for mortality using longitudinal and individual-level data. In addition, we improve upon prior work by accounting for the dynamic relationship between local areas and individuals' health, using marginal structural models to account for changes in exposure to local income inequality. In contrast to other studies that found no significant relation between income inequality and mortality, we find that recent exposure to higher local inequality predicts higher relative risk of mortality among individuals at ages 45 or older.

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