Hubungan Durasi Kerja dan Postur Tubuh dengan Keluhan Low Back Pain (Lbp) Penjahit di Nagari Simpang Kapuak Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota

Low Back Pain (LBP) is pain in the waist or lower spine that can be felt up to the buttocks and thighs. Many workers experience illness. Results The study was conducted on 9,482 workers in 12 regencies and cities in Indonesia, the disease experienced by workers was Musculoskeletal Disorder as much as 16% including Low Back Pain. This study aims to determine the relationship between work duration and work posture with complaints of Low Back Pain at Nagari Simpang Kapuak tailors, Lima Puluh Kota Regency. This research is quantitative with a cross sectional approach. Collecting data through a census of 43 tailors with interviews and questionnaires. Data analysis with univariate, bivariate and Chi-Square statistical test. The results of the study found that 58.1% of tailors experienced severe complaints of low back pain. 72.1% are classified as risky age, 74.1% are female, 58.1% have a BMI at risk, 67.4% work with risky work duration, 69.8% work with risky work postures. There is a relationship between age (p = 0.017), BMI (p = 0.013), work duration (p = 0.002), and body posture (p = 0.006) with complaints of Low Back Pain. To reduce the risk of Low Back Pain, tailors should relax and rest by stretching muscles, exercising based on the age of the worker, consuming foods that contain calcium, working with a balanced working time and doing an ergonomic work system.

Ergonomic assessment of work-related musculoskeletal disorder and its determinants among commercial mini bus drivers and driver assistants (mini bus conductors) in Nigeria

Introduction Work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WMSD) is a leading causes of occupational injury and disability among drivers and workers in the transport industry. This study evaluated the ergonomically assessed WMSD and its determinants among Nigerian commercial mini bus drivers (BD) and mini bus conductors (BC) Method A total of 379 participants (BD = 200, BC = 179) were purposively sampled for this exploratory cross-sectional study. Participants’ WMSD and work related variables were respectively assessed using the standardized Nordic questionnaire and a content-validated, Driving Work Station Assessment (DWSA) form. Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially using chi-square and logistic regression. The level of significance was set at α = 0.05. Results The participants were aged between 20 and 66 years, with a mean age of 33.26±10.76years (BD = 38.42±10.22years, BC = 27.50±8.13years); most of whom consumed alcohol (84.4%) and experienced severe job stress (73.4%). There was a high prevalence (95.8%; BD = 94.5%, BC = 97.8%) of WMSDs, the lower back (66.8%) and upper back (54.1%) had the highest regional prevalence of WMSD. The BC (BC vs BD) had significantly (p<0.05) higher prevalence of Neck (47.7% vs 21.5%) and upper back (80.4% vs 30.5%) WMSDs. Conversely, the BD (BD vs BC) had significantly (p<0.05) higher prevalence of low-back (85.0% vs 46.4%), knee (25.0% vs 9.5%), elbow (11.5% vs 3.9%), and wrist (10.5% vs 3.4%) WMSD. There was a significant association between WMSD and each of work duration (X2 = 11.634, p = 0.009), work frequency (X2 = 8.394, p = 0.039), job dissatisfaction (X2 = 10.620, p = 0.001) and job stress (X2 = 16.879, p = 0.001). Working beyond 4days/week (OR = 10.019, p = 0.001), job dissatisfaction (OR = 1.990, p = 0.031), constrained working postures (OR = 5.324, p = 0.003) and fatigue (OR = 4.719, p = 0.002) were the predictors of WMSD. Conclusion Job stress, work duration and work frequency, posture and fatigue are important determinants of WMSDs among mini bus drivers and their assistants in Nigeria. Ergonomics training intervention for this population is recommended.

Relationship of Noise and Individual Characteristics with Blood Pressure of Workers in the Production Area of a Heavy Equipment Component Company in Tegal

Introduction: Noise is any unwanted sound in the work environment that comes from production machines that can cause various health problems. Noise can also cause an increase in blood pressure as a physiological reaction of the body. Apart from the noise factor, an increase in workers' blood pressure can also be triggered by several factors such as worker characteristics (worker’s nutritional status, work experience and work duration). The purpose of this study is to examine whether there is a relationship between noise and worker characteristics and blood pressure. Methods: The design of this study was cross-sectional with a descriptive observational method. The sample in this study was the total population of workers in the company's production area, as many as 42 respondents. Workers' blood pressure was measured before and after work, work environment noise was measured using sound level meter, and questionnaires were used to determine individual characteristics. Results: The increase in blood pressure before and after work occurred most in the unit with the highest noise intensity. The increase in blood pressure before and after work also occurred in the categories of the longest work period and the longest work duration in a day. Conclusion: There was a strong correlation between noise and systolic blood and a weak relationship with diastole. Nutritional status had a weak relationship with blood pressure. Period of work and blood pressure had a moderate relationship, and duration of work and blood pressure had a strong relationship. Keywords: blood pressure, individual characteristics, noise

Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Low Back Pain pada Penenun Galery Ulos Sianipar Medan

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common health complaints in the community. About 80 percent of adults have experienced this condition. This research is a quantitative research with a cross sectional approach. The study was conducted at the Ulos Sianipar Gallery onAugust 2021. The population in this study were all weavers who worked at the Ulos Sianipar Gallery Medan as many as 54 people by using the slovin formula obtained sample of 48 people. Data was collected through a questionnaire, specifically for work attitudes with the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method, carried out with the help of cameras, bows and worksheets. The results showed that individual factors: age (p=0.003), body mass index (p=0.044) and length of work (p=0.022); work environment factors: work duration (p=0.020) and rest time (p=0.018); and work factors: workload (p=0.001) and work attitude (p=0.001) have a relationship with LBP on weavers at Galeri Ulos Sianipar Medan. It is recommended for business owners to adjust the position of the thread on the weaving machine to the sitting position of the worker so that it does not require the worker to raise his hand higher, the weaver is advised to reduce or avoid awkward postures such as bending over which can cause muscle fatigue due to frequent or repetitive weaving.

PATH ANALYSIS OF PERCEPTION OF HEAT PRESSURE, PULSE RATE, BODY TEMPERATURE AGAINST HEAT STRAIN EVENTS IN WORKERS IN BREM PRODUCTION INDUSTRY

Background: Brem industry workers can be at risk to get into heat strain in their workplace. The cases are caused by heat pressure, pulse rate, and body temperature. Purpose: To analyze the heat pressure, pulse rate, and body temperature that can influence the heat strain simultaneously to the workers of the Brem industry in the Kaliabu region, Madiun city, Indonesia. Method: The research is characteristic analytic observation quantitative with the cross-sectional approach in which a sample is 157 respondents with a total amount are 266 workers. The analysis test path use SPSS AMOS 23 accessories to analyze the data. Result: The results of the research are that heat stress does not influence the pulse rate (estimate 0, 02). Heat stress influences body temperature (estimate 0, 12). Heat stress does not influence the heat strain directly (estimate 0, 011). Pulse rate does not influence the heat strain (estimate 0, 08) and body temperature influences the heat strain (estimate 0, 04). Conclusion: Heat stress does not influence the heat strain directly but it influences the variety of body temperature so it needs to pay attention to the work duration time well. (7 hours working and 1 hour for taking rest). Also, it needed an arrangement of the room and adding the system of ventilation to get down the heat from the environment so heat strain can be restrained by checking the environment temperature and body temperature workers routine.

THE EFFECT OF INTERVENTION PROGRAMS ON HOW TO WORK COMPLAINTS IN MECHANICAL WORKERS IN HEAVY EQUIPMENT COMPANIES

ABSTRACTLow back pain (LBP) is experienced by almost everyone during his life, and data in Indonesia ranged from 3-17% based on hospital records. LBP can occur due to awkward body postures and manual handling during working and need intervention to reduce complaints. This study to know intervention to reduce risk at ergonomic can induce LBP. This study uses a quasi-experimental design using control with a sample of 35 in each group. The intervention program monitoring was carried out by the SHE team at the work site based on conducting weekly observations regarding workers doing awkward work postures and manual handling activities and ensuring that mechanical workers receive ergonomics training. After one year of the intervention program, the data collection was carried out using a questionnaire to find out the changes in the length of the squat position, bending position, and manual handling activities in both groups. Significant differences between the two groups were obtained in the long work category with squat posture with p-value <0,001, bent posture with p-value 0.001, and a non-significant difference were found in the manual handling category with a p-value of 0.614. The intervention program can change manual handling in the intervention group 3.6 times at work duration more than 1 hour in a squatting position and decrease in the length of bending position more 1 hour by 1.4 times compared to control. Keywords: ergonomic training, squatting position, bending position, manual handling.

Initial stay times for uncompensable occupational heat stress in young and older men: a preliminary assessment

During uncompensable occupational heat stress, heat-mitigation controls are required to prevent core temperature exceeding recommended limits (≥38°C). However, the initial stay time before employing controls remained unknown. We estimated these times for moderate-intensity work at 26, 28, 30, and 32°C wet-bulb globe temperatures (WBGT) in 50 young (18-30 years) and older (50-70 years), non-heat acclimatized men. Initial stay time was 111 min at 26°C WBGT and declined exponentially to 44 min at 32°C WBGT. Novelty point • We provide estimates of the moderate-intensity work duration before heat-mitigation is required in wet-bulb globe temperatures between 26-32°C for young and older, non-heat acclimatized men.

Changes in livelihoods: coastal community responses to artisanal gold mining at Anggai village

This study aims to describe changes in the livelihoods of coastal communities in Anggai village as a response to artisanal gold mining. The study used a descriptive approach the selection of respondents by purposive sampling. The results showed a change in the livelihood pattern, marked by a change in job orientation shifting work orientation from being farmers/fishers as the primary/main livelihood to being miners. Internal factors driving the change were individual motivation, work duration, and offspring needs. Meanwhile, external factors included job opportunities offered/invited by relatives, simple technology that was easy to apply, and growing mobilization. Meanwhile, artisanal mining had impact in increasing community (family) income.

Workload Analysis of Pharmacy Technicians at Pharmacy Department of Universitas Padjadjaran Dental and Oral Hospital Using Workload Indicators of Staffing Needs

Job responsibilities are significantly accomplished with sufficient and appropriate labor, although it differs in various fields. A major challenge in health facilities involves the ability to balance the number of staff and workloads to ensure quality, effective and efficient performance. Developing countries continue to struggle, in terms of fulfilling these objectives, mainly due to limited resources and budget. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the workload at the Pharmacy of Universitas Padjadjaran Dental and Oral Hospital (RSGM Unpad) using WHO’s workload indicators of staffing needs (WISN) technique. This study also applied a descriptive cross-sectional design and conducted the WISN methodology between May-September 2020. Subsequently, observations, discussions and interviews were used to generate relevant information from the hospital’s workforce and its 2019 records. The results showed the availability of 7 employees and an annual estimate of 97,440 minutes in work duration. As a consequence, the manpower demands for inpatient-outpatient and logistic-purchasing departments were 4 and 2 persons, respectively. The resulting WISN ratio was 1.17 (> 1), indicating an inadequate workload and staff number. Based on the WISN analysis, it is concluded that the pharmacy is overstaffed under the existing workload conditions. Therefore, employee redistribution and the development of pharmaceutical satellites towards enhancing effectiveness and efficiency are significantly recommended.

PREVALENCE OF HYPERTENSION IN WORKERS OF BELL METAL INDUSTRY

Noise is an occupational hazard and over and above its known auditory hazards, non auditory effects are alsofound to occur in the exposed subjects. Different studies have found an association between noise and blood pressure. As per the ndings of these studies prevalence of hypertension is more in the noise exposed group as compared to the non exposed group. Sarthebari, a place of Assam is famous for its bell metal industries. In these industries hammering of metal and various other activities done to manufacture utensils lead to production of noise with level much more than maximum permissible limit of noise at the industry level. Till now no research work has been done here to nd out the impact of noise in these employees. So present study was done to nd out the prevalence of hypertension in this noise exposed group. A total of 163 employees of Bell metal Industries of Sarthebari, Assam, in the age group of 18-62 were included in the study. After taking informed consent and proper history on food habit, work duration, health status; blood pressure, height, weight are measured and BMI was calculated. Moreover noise level of the site was measured by a decibel meter. Result was analysed by using Microsoft excel and SPSS software. In our study prevalence of hypertension of all 3 categories (isolated systolic, isolated diastolic, hypertension with both values increased) were found (p value<0.05) in the employees of bell metal industries of Sarthebari. But hypertension was not found to be associated with work duration (Pvalue .311579)