Making the Case for Centralized Dementia Care Through Adaptive Reuse in the Time of COVID-19

It is estimated that 5.4 million Americans have some form of dementia and these numbers are expected to rise in the coming decades, leading to an unprecedented demand for memory care housing and services. At the same time, infectious disease outbreaks like the COVID-19 pandemic have raised great concerns for the future of care settings for people living with dementia. In searching for innovative options to create more autonomy and better quality of life in dementia care settings, while at the same time improving infectious disease control, repurposing existing structures, in particular vacant urban malls, may be one option for the large sites needed for the European model of dementia villages. This editorial paper makes the case for the Dementia Friendly City Center model for centralized dementia programs, medical services and housing. By working across multiple disciplines, this research team has simultaneously addressed numerous issues, including community revitalization, building sustainability, and the strengthening of infectious disease control in care sites which are inclusive, progressive and convergent with the needs of an aging population.

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Adaptive Reuse of Distressed Malls for Dementia-Friendly City Centers: Outcomes From Community Focus Groups

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.198 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 61-61

Author(s):

Emily Roberts

Keyword(s):

Spatial Configuration ◽

Public Spaces ◽

Dementia Care ◽

Model Of Care ◽

Community Revitalization ◽

Existing Structures ◽

Group Outcomes ◽

Midwestern University ◽

Memory Care

Abstract It is estimated that 5.4 million Americans have some form of dementia and these numbers are expected to rise in the coming decades, leading to an unprecedented demand for memory care housing and services. In searching for innovative options to create more autonomy and better quality of life in dementia care settings, repurposing existing structures, in particular vacant urban malls, may be one option for the large sites needed for the European model of dementia villages. These settings may become sustainable Dementia Friendly City Centers (DFCC), because in the case of enclosed mall construction, the internal infrastructure is in place for lighting, HVAC, with varied spatial configuration of public spaces. This presentation describes the community engagement research being conducted by a research team at a Midwestern university, laying groundwork for the DFCC model for centralized dementia programs, services and attached housing. Focus group outcomes from four disciplines (caregiver, physician, designer, community development) detailed four principle themes including : community revitalization, building sustainability, urban regreening and the nurturing of innovation to further a culture of dementia care which is inclusive, progressive and convergent with the needs of an aging. The DFCC model can be seen as one opportunity to make life better not only for those with needs associated with dementia now, but also for ourselves in the future, therefore educating and updating future stakeholders about the value of this model of care will be critical in transforming current hurdles into future opportunities.

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The One-Health Approach to Infectious Disease Outbreaks Control

10.5772/intechopen.95759 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sima Ernest Rugarabamu

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Disease Control ◽

Disease Transmission ◽

One Health ◽

Hot Spot ◽

Disease Outbreaks ◽

Infectious Disease Control ◽

Infectious Disease Outbreaks ◽

The One

Close contact between people, animals, plants, and their shared environment provides more disease transmission opportunities. Host characteristics, environmental conditions, and habitat disruption can provide new opportunities for disease to occur. These changes may lead to the spread of existing and new diseases. Bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoans, sporozoans, worms, and others cause infectious diseases. Some of these diseases may be prone to explosive outbreaks and may constitute deadly epidemic threats that could rapidly reach pandemic proportions. Drugs and vaccines can successfully control many infectious diseases; however, this is challenged by the lack of facilities and resources. In all parts of the world, infectious disease is an essential constraint to increased human, animal, and environmental interactions. Identifying hot-spot and interventions for prevention while considering the heterogeneity of target diseases to places, population time, or situation is essential. Therefore, successful infectious disease control measures must be based on understanding disease transmission pathways, strengthening surveillance systems, and intervention. Application of the One Health method is a responsive approach to infectious disease control. Much of the One-Health based approach to managing an infectious disease has been utilized with a promising effect on controlling current outbreaks. More deliberate efforts should encourage understanding of disease determinants to analyze infectious disease issues through a One-Health lens. Only through the extensive participation of all related field stakeholders can One-Health truly reach its potential to mitigate infectious disease outbreaks. This chapter reviews utilization of the One Health approach to infectious disease outbreak control.

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Analysing livestock network data for infectious disease control: an argument for routine data collection in emerging economies

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rstb.2018.0264 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 374 (1776) ◽

pp. 20180264 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

G. L. Chaters ◽

P. C. D. Johnson ◽

S. Cleaveland ◽

J. Crispell ◽

W. A. de Glanville ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

Disease Control ◽

Disease Transmission ◽

Disease Outbreaks ◽

Routine Data ◽

Contact Layer ◽

Theme Issue ◽

Targeted Interventions ◽

Infectious Disease Outbreaks ◽

And Control

Livestock movements are an important mechanism of infectious disease transmission. Where these are well recorded, network analysis tools have been used to successfully identify system properties, highlight vulnerabilities to transmission, and inform targeted surveillance and control. Here we highlight the main uses of network properties in understanding livestock disease epidemiology and discuss statistical approaches to infer network characteristics from biased or fragmented datasets. We use a ‘hurdle model’ approach that predicts (i) the probability of movement and (ii) the number of livestock moved to generate synthetic ‘complete’ networks of movements between administrative wards, exploiting routinely collected government movement permit data from northern Tanzania. We demonstrate that this model captures a significant amount of the observed variation. Combining the cattle movement network with a spatial between-ward contact layer, we create a multiplex, over which we simulated the spread of ‘fast’ ( R 0 = 3) and ‘slow’ ( R 0 = 1.5) pathogens, and assess the effects of random versus targeted disease control interventions (vaccination and movement ban). The targeted interventions substantially outperform those randomly implemented for both fast and slow pathogens. Our findings provide motivation to encourage routine collection and centralization of movement data to construct representative networks. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Modelling infectious disease outbreaks in humans, animals and plants: epidemic forecasting and control’. This theme issue is linked with the earlier issue ‘Modelling infectious disease outbreaks in humans, animals and plants: approaches and important themes’.

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Development of critical recommendations representing good quality of response to infectious disease outbreaks

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckt126.197 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 23 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

E Belfroid ◽

JLA Hautvast ◽

J van der Velden ◽

MEJL Hulscher ◽

A Timen

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

Disease Outbreaks ◽

Infectious Disease Outbreaks

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A STUDY ON ARCHITECTURAL PLANNING AND TRANSITION OF ISOLATION HOSPITAL IN MODERN JAPAN (PART1): CONDITIONS FOR PLANNING OF EARLY ISOLATION HOSPITAL WITH THE PRACTICAL BOOKS FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASE CONTROL PUBLISHED FROM THE MEIJI ERA TO THE TAISHO ERA

Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) ◽

10.3130/aija.85.2611 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 85 (778) ◽

pp. 2611-2619

Author(s):

Yoshikata GODA ◽

Masatomi MATSUMOTO

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

Disease Control ◽

Infectious Disease Control ◽

Meiji Era ◽

Taisho Era ◽

Modern Japan ◽

Architectural Planning

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Infectious disease outbreaks in the African region: overview of events reported to the World Health Organization in 2018

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268819001912 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 147 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

F. Mboussou ◽

P. Ndumbi ◽

R. Ngom ◽

Z. Kassamali ◽

O. Ogundiran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

Disease Onset ◽

Disease Outbreaks ◽

Case Fatality ◽

World Health ◽

African Region ◽

Regional Office ◽

Member States ◽

Infectious Disease Outbreaks ◽

The World

Abstract The WHO African region is characterised by the largest infectious disease burden in the world. We conducted a retrospective descriptive analysis using records of all infectious disease outbreaks formally reported to the WHO in 2018 by Member States of the African region. We analysed the spatio-temporal distribution, the notification delay as well as the morbidity and mortality associated with these outbreaks. In 2018, 96 new disease outbreaks were reported across 36 of the 47 Member States. The most commonly reported disease outbreak was cholera which accounted for 20.8% (n = 20) of all events, followed by measles (n = 11, 11.5%) and Yellow fever (n = 7, 7.3%). About a quarter of the outbreaks (n = 23) were reported following signals detected through media monitoring conducted at the WHO regional office for Africa. The median delay between the disease onset and WHO notification was 16 days (range: 0–184). A total of 107 167 people were directly affected including 1221 deaths (mean case fatality ratio (CFR): 1.14% (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07%–1.20%)). The highest CFR was observed for diseases targeted for eradication or elimination: 3.45% (95% CI 0.89%–10.45%). The African region remains prone to outbreaks of infectious diseases. It is therefore critical that Member States improve their capacities to rapidly detect, report and respond to public health events.

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