Work Relations and Cynicism Among Prison Guards

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D. Poole ◽  
Robert M. Regoli
Keyword(s):  
Practical Importance ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Work Relations ◽  
Maximum Security ◽  
Large State ◽  
Security Institution ◽  
Theoretical Significance ◽  
Stratified Sample ◽  
Prison Guards

While researchers have recently focused their attention on cynicism as a role characteristic of prison guards, they have tended to view cynicism as a consequence of the organization of prison work and have not examined the attitude as the outcome of interaction with others in the institution. The present research explores the feasibility of this line of explanation. Data for the project were derived from questionnaire responses of 144 guards working in a large-state, maximum-security institution in the midwest. In addition to the questionnaire data, formal interviews were also conducted with a stratified sample of the institution's guards. While numerous findings emerged from the study, the most general showed that as a prison guard's work relations with inmates, fellow officers, and administrators deteriorate, his level of cynicism increases. From this, we conclude the article with a discussion of the theoretical significance and practical importance of all findings presented.

scholarly journals Buber behind Bars

1968 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. T. Barker ◽  
M. H. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Psychopathic Personality ◽  
Video Tape ◽  
Simultaneous Treatment ◽  
Maximum Security ◽  
Security Institution ◽  
Hyoscine Hydrobromide ◽  
Amobarbital Sodium ◽  
Direct Encounter ◽  
Conceptual Foundations

This paper describes the structure and conceptual foundations of an intensive treatment program operated at the Ontario Hospital, Penetanguishene, a 304-bed maximum security institution which receives patients from the courts, reform institutions, and other mental hospitals. The philosophy of treatment includes the following assumptions: 1) Mental illness is fundamentally a breakdown in the communication between persons. 2) For a sick person, the most helpful experiences are acts of genuine communication — direct encounters — as defined by Martin Buber, in which each turns to the other in his present and particular being, and addresses him without pretence. 3) The patient is the principal agent of therapy. He is equipped to help his peers better in some ways than the professional whose role is seen as an administratively supportive one creating the space in which direct encounter can occur. 4) Every event in a total institution should enhance the treatment goals. 5) The use of force is legitimate in treating patients for illnesses which they do not recognize, in settings where they will be incarcerated until they change. An outline of the eighty-hour per week compulsory program describes the variety of group interactions, planned and sustained by patient committees with minimal staff supervision. The establishment of fixed pairings for an hour a day, seven days a week indefinitely as a device of confrontation; the use of video tape equipment as a device of observation; the intensive use of hyoscine hydrobromide, methamphetamine hydrochloride, imipramine hydrochloride, dextroamphetamine sulfate, amobarbital sodium, lysergic acid diethylamide as ‘demystifiers’ are sketched. Experiences in the simultaneous treatment of schizophrenic and psychopathic personality types are examined, and the need for the objective evaluation of results is affirmed. The value of this program is felt to be primarily for those settings where patients are held for long periods of time.

Some Correlates of Prison Guards' Beliefs

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boas Shamir ◽  
Amos Drory
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Previous Literature ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Maximum Security ◽  
Supportive Role ◽  
Rehabilitation Potential ◽  
Prison Guards

The study investigates prison guards' beliefs concerning the prison, the prisoners, and their own. role and the relationships between these beliefs and other variables. Subjects came from four maximum security Israeli prisons (N = 370). Generally, guards' beliefs ate less punitive than could be expected from previous literature. A considerable variance in guards' beliefs is revealed. Three independent factors emerge from a factor analysis: belief in the rehabilitation potential of prisoners, belief in the rehabilitative potential of the prison, and belief in the guard's supportive role. The relationships between these beliefs and background and work-related variables are examined and discussed.

A framework for the adaptation of psychological questionnaires for epidemiological use: an example of the Bortner Type A scale

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 709-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. J. Gallacher ◽  
G. Davey Smith
Keyword(s):  
Response Rate ◽  
Type A ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Systematic Assessment ◽  
Stratified Sample ◽  
Rate Interaction ◽  
Scale Format ◽  
Psychological Questionnaires ◽  
Critical Aspects

SynopsisA model for the systematic adaptation of psychological questionnaires for epidemiological use is presented. Application of the model is illustrated using variants of the Bortner Type A scale in a representative age/sex stratified sample of 256 persons. Through the application of the model the Bortner scale was adapted to compare the effects of scale direction, scale format and example position. Overall the Bortner scale was shown to provide robust measurement which was little affected by response rate, age, sex or by the adaptations of the scale. An association was found of sex with response rate. Interaction effects of sex and scale direction on mean Type A scores, and of example position and scale format on both response rate and Type A score variability were also found. In identifying critical aspects of questionnaire performance, and in providing a coherent framework for their interrelationship, the model acts as a guide to the systematic assessment of questionnaire performance. The use of this model will, therefore, facilitate greater confidence in the interpretation of questionnaire data in epidemiological studies.

scholarly journals Mass Casualties in a Maximum Security Institution

1974 ◽  
Vol 179 (5) ◽  
pp. 592-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD W. WILLIAMS ◽  
GERARD P. BURNS ◽  
MURRAY N. ANDERSEN ◽  
GEORGE P. READING ◽  
JOHN R. BORDER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Casualties ◽  
Maximum Security ◽  
Security Institution

scholarly journals Factors and Steps for Successful Transition from a State of Making to One of Innovating

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 4205
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Yi-Lin Forrest ◽  
Zaiwu Gong
Keyword(s):  
Practical Importance ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Successful Transition ◽  
Sustained Growth ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Theoretical Significance

Other than serving as the introduction to this special issue, this paper looks at the question of how an underdeveloped or a developing economic entity can manage to acquire the knowledge and ability to overcome various barriers, be they social, cultural, or institutional, to establish its desired momentum of self-sustained growth. It addresses the question by surveying relevant literatures, first, about what factors, both internal and external, positively determine the innovativeness of an economic entity; and second, regarding what steps are necessary for an underdeveloped or a developing entity to engineer its momentum of self-sustained growth and for an established entity to maintain its existing momentum. By doing so, we demonstrate the theoretical significance and practical importance of this issue and the works contained in this issue.

scholarly journals Albert Cohen and Dove Attia as a phenomenon of French musical of the new century

2021 ◽  
pp. 119-134
Author(s):  
Elena Andreevna Trukhacheva
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Professional Performance ◽  
National Values ◽  
Theoretical Significance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Methodology Of Science

Dove Attia and Albert Cohen – French authors and stage directors, and musical producers – contribute to the development of the genre in the XXI century. The subject of this research is their creativity, which is poorly studied by the science of theater. The goal lies in describing the role of Dove Attia and Albert Cohen in the development of the French musical on the theoretical level.  Research methodology is comprised on the following approaches: interdisciplinary, which involves scientific theories and concepts from other fields of knowledge; historical-culturological, which reveals that factors contributing to the convergence of French culture with the traditions of other cultures; systematic, which examines professional performance in French musical as a result of the works of Dove Attia and Albert Cohen. The scientific novelty lies in introduction into the scientific discourse of previously missing materials on the works of Dove Attia and Albert Cohen, their activity in the context of evolution of the genre of French musical. The theoretical significance consists in characterization of the concepts of “French musical of the new century”, "interpretation of classics", “French chanson style” within the framework of art history and methodology of science. The acquired result reveal the role of establishment and proliferation of French musical, as well as popularize the works of Dove Attia and Albert Cohen, which determines the practical importance of this study. It is noted that in French musical, Dove Attia and Albert Cohen invigorate the aesthetic tastes and mentality of the French, using it as an opportunity to defend the national values in a savory and beautiful way.

L'homicide chez le patient psychotique: une étude de 24 cas en vue d'une prédiction à court terme

1989 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Millaud
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Health Professional ◽  
Mental Health Professional ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Maximum Security ◽  
Security Institution

This research analyses retrospectively a population of 24 psychotic patients, hospitalized in a maximum security institution for the criminality insane and who have committed or attempted to commit murder. The main focus is on finding the clinical elements which are associated with increased homicidal risk, in the short term. With that aim in mind, nine patients that were in contact with a mental health professional, during the month preceding the homicide, were studied more specifically. It seems that in addition to the elements usually described in the literature, the association of depressive and paranoid features in the psychotic is a risk factor for homicide in the short term.

Are Children’s Rights Important?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin M. Macleod
Keyword(s):  
Political Discourse ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Children's Rights ◽  
Moral Rights ◽  
Children’S Rights ◽  
Theoretical Significance ◽  
Philosophical Scepticism

This paper explores the nature and justificatory basis of children’s rights with a view to determining whether children’s rights are important. Although children’s rights are frequently invoked in legal and political discourse, they often generate controversy: their practical and theoretical significance is sometimes challenged. Many states acknowledge children’s rights and yet fail to secure many of the most basic interests of children putatively protected by their rights. Moreover, the suggestion that children are the bearers of genuine moral rights is sometimes met with philosophical scepticism. This chapter distinguishes different forms of scepticism about children’s rights and explores whether doubts about the theoretical and practical importance of children’s rights can be vindicated. I argue that reticence about children’s rights is not justified. Given a proper construal of children’s rights it is appropriate both to treat children as genuine bearers of rights and to view their rights as morally and politically important.

Correctional Officer Risk Perceptions and Professional Orientations: Examining Linkages Between the Two

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-285
Author(s):  
Frank Valentino Ferdik
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Correctional Officers ◽  
Correctional Officer ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Corrections Officers ◽  
Maximum Security ◽  
Significant Relationships

Prisons managing treatment programs for incarcerated offenders require correctional officers to share favorable dispositions toward prisoners and rehabilitation if they are to function effectively. How officers judge prisoners, rehabilitative practices, and the broader goals of corrections can influence treatment efficiency, as well as offender conduct. For these reasons, it becomes paramount to investigate the professional orientations of corrections officers and the factors related to them. Using the protection motivation theory as a guiding theoretical framework, the present study collected questionnaire data from South Carolina maximum security correctional officers ( N = 649) to determine whether their risk perceptions of workplace harm shared statistically significant relationships with the counseling roles, concern for corruption of authority, social distance, and punitive orientations. Linear regression estimations found that heightened officer risk perceptions shared significant relationships with each orientation. Findings may be useful for global correctional administrators in need of officers supportive of rehabilitative practices.

ALIENATION IN PRISON. An Examination of the Work Relations of Prison Guards

Criminology ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERIC D. POOLE ◽  
ROBERT M. REGOLI
Keyword(s):  
Work Relations ◽  
Prison Guards
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