Approach to Management

1990 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 401-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana W Guthrie ◽  
Richard A. Guthrie
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Patient Education ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Sliding Scale ◽  
Logic Approach ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Frequent Blood Glucose Monitoring

This paper describes a physio logic approach to diabetes management called pattern therapy and compares it with the sliding scale or "catch-up" type of management. Pattern therapy differs from the sliding scale approach in that it anticipates rather than reflects insulin needs, and it relies heavily on intensive patient education and intelligent self-management. Frequent blood glucose monitoring is also a key aspect of pattern therapy.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF COGNITIVE DECLINE ON DIABETES SELF-MANAGEMENT EDUCATION AND CARE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S35-S36
Author(s):  
Shinduk Lee ◽  
Matthew L Smith ◽  
Marcia G Ory
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Diabetes Care ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Self Management

Abstract People with diabetes experience a faster cognitive decline and have a greater risk for future dementia diagnoses. Cognitive impairment can negatively influence diabetes management activities. Diabetes self-management education (DSME) can enhance diabetes control, but limited evidence exists about the differential effects of DSME based on cognitive status. This study examines the moderation effects of cognition on the relationship between participation in DSME and diabetes management among older adults using Georgia 2017 BRFSS data (N=496). Primary outcomes were diabetes self-management (e.g., self-blood glucose monitoring, self-feet check, and physical activity) and clinical care (e.g., seeing a health professional for diabetes and A1C, feet, and eye exams). Multiple logistic regression models examined the effects of DSME and self-reported cognitive decline on diabetes care. Based on the Anderson-and-Newman Framework, all regression models were adjusted for predisposing (age, sex, race, ethnicity, and education), enabling (income, marital status, and health plan), and need (insulin treatment) factors. About 48% of participants participated in a DSME, and about 16% reported experiencing cognitive decline. DSME participation was positively associated with self-blood glucose monitoring (p=0.014), physical activity (p=0.024), seeing a health professional for diabetes (p=0.002), and feet exam (p=0.043), but cognitive decline was not significantly associated with most diabetes care (p>0.05). Further, no significant difference in DSME impact on diabetes care based on reported cognitive decline was observed (p>0.05). Findings suggest that DSME can benefit diabetes care among people with and without cognitive decline. Future research can expand upon impacts of rates and degrees of cognitive decline on program benefits.

Indole as a new tentative marker in exhaled breath for non-invasive blood glucose monitoring of diabetic subjects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Fink ◽  
Tim Maihöfer ◽  
Jeffrey Bender ◽  
Jochen Schulat
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Glucose Measurement ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Test Strips ◽  
Non Invasive

Abstract Blood glucose monitoring (BGM) is the most important part of diabetes management. In classical BGM, glucose measurement by test strips involves invasive finger pricking. We present results of a clinical study that focused on a non-invasive approach based on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath. Main objective was the discovery of markers for prediction of blood glucose levels (BGL) in diabetic patients. Exhaled breath was measured repeatedly in 60 diabetic patients (30 type 1, 30 type 2) in fasting state and after a standardized meal. Proton Transfer Reaction Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS) was used to sample breath every 15 minutes for a total of six hours. BGLs were tested in parallel via BGM test strips. VOC signals were plotted against glucose trends for each subject to identify correlations. Exhaled indole (a bacterial metabolite of tryptophan) showed significant mean correlation to BGL (with negative trend) and significant individual correlation in 36 patients. The type of diabetes did not affect this result. Additional experiments of one healthy male subject by ingestion of lactulose and 13C-labeled glucose (n=3) revealed that exhaled indole does not directly originate from food digestion by intestinal microbiota. As indole has been linked to human glucose metabolism, it might be a tentative marker in breath for non-invasive BGM. Clinical studies with greater diversity are required for confirmation of such results and further investigation of metabolic pathways.

Blood Glucose Monitoring In Pediatric Patients—Looking Toward Better Diabetes Management and Perspectives for the Future

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
William L Clarke ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Artificial Pancreas ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Nocturnal Hypoglycaemia ◽  
Intensive Glucose Control ◽  
Glycaemic Variability ◽  
Analytical Accuracy

Self-blood glucose monitoring (SBGM) is an important component of day-to-day diabetes management for children and their families. Despite some recent concerns in terms of its analytical accuracy, it has been used successfully to implement intensive glucose control in the Diabetes control and complications trial (DCCT), reduce glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, prevent acute complications, and make it possible for children to attend school and participate in sports activities safely. While still in its infancy, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has been shown to be useful in reducing the occurrence of nocturnal hypoglycaemia, lowering HbA1c levels and reducing glycaemic variability. Its analytical accuracy has prevented its approval as an alternative to SBGM for insulin decision-making. However, it has made possible the development and testing of closed-loop ‘artificial pancreas’ systems for controlling glucose levels in adults and adolescents.

Can Blood Glucose Monitoring be Simplified/Modified in Order to Achieve Better Diabetes Management—Perspectives for the Future

2010 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Robert M Cuddihy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Major Advance ◽  
Oral Agents

Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) with reflectance meters was heralded as a major advance in the management of diabetes and has been available to individuals with diabetes for home use since the late 1970s. This tool was put to use in the landmark Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT), which revolutionized care for individuals with type 1 diabetes, enabling these individuals to intensify their glucose control. SMBG has similar benefit in individuals with type 2 diabetes requiring insulin therapy. Its use in other individuals with type 2 diabetes treated with oral agents or non-insulin therapies is less clear. While SMBG is a potentially powerful tool to aid in the daily management of diabetes, to be used effectively, SMBG must be optimized to ensure the information derived from it can be acted on to modify physical activity, dietary intake, or medications to improve glycemic control. Recently, studies looking at this population have called into question the utility of SMBG in the management of individuals with type 2 diabetes treated with non-insulin therapies. However, these studies are lacking in the specifics of how such information was used to modify therapies. In addition to this, the lack of a universally accepted output for SMBG data significantly impedes its uptake and appropriate use by healthcare providers and patients. To maximize the effectiveness of SMBG, both patients and providers need to have a clear understanding of when and how to use SMBG data and, most importantly, act upon the data to effect a change in their diabetes management.

scholarly journals Evaluation of information retention and adherence to treatment in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus after multidisciplinary group

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria da Silva Sousa ◽  
Daine Fiuza ◽  
Fernanda Cristina Ferreira Mikami ◽  
Karen Cristine Abrão ◽  
Rossana Pulcineli Vieira Francisco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Information Retention ◽  
Multidisciplinary Group

SUMMARY Objective: To evaluate the retention of information after participation in multidisciplinary group in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) through a phone contact. Method: 122 pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes were included. After diagnosis of gestational diabetes, the patients were referred to the multidisciplinary group where they received medical, nutrition and nursing guidelines related to the disease. After three days these patients received one telephone call from a nurse, who made the same questions regarding the information received. In the statistical analysis, results were presented as absolute and relative frequencies. Results: Most patients 119/122 patients (97.5%) were managing to do self glucose monitoring. Twenty-one patients (17.2%) reported having difficulty performing the blood glucose, especially finger pricking. When questioning whether the woman was following the proposed diet, 24/122 (19.7%) patients said they did not; the meal frequency was not reached by 23/122 (18.9%) of the women, and forty-seven (38.5%) of the women reported having ingested sugar in the days following the guidance in multidisciplinary group. Conclusion: Regarding the proposed treatment, there was good adherence of patients, especially in relation to blood glucose monitoring. As for nutritional control, we observed greater difficulty in following the guidelines demonstrating the need for long-term monitoring, as well as further clarification to the patients about the importance of nutrition in diabetes management.

scholarly journals Exhaled Breath Analysis for Diabetes Diagnosis and Monitoring: Relevance, Challenges and Possibilities

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 476
Author(s):  
Kaushiki Dixit ◽  
Somayeh Fardindoost ◽  
Adithya Ravishankara ◽  
Nishat Tasnim ◽  
Mina Hoorfar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Breath Analysis ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Diabetes Diagnosis ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Exhaled Breath Analysis ◽  
Diabetes Monitoring

With the global population prevalence of diabetes surpassing 463 million cases in 2019 and diabetes leading to millions of deaths each year, there is a critical need for feasible, rapid, and non-invasive methodologies for continuous blood glucose monitoring in contrast to the current procedures that are either invasive, complicated, or expensive. Breath analysis is a viable methodology for non-invasive diabetes management owing to its potential for multiple disease diagnoses, the nominal requirement of sample processing, and immense sample accessibility; however, the development of functional commercial sensors is challenging due to the low concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in exhaled breath and the confounding factors influencing the exhaled breath profile. Given the complexity of the topic and the skyrocketing spread of diabetes, a multifarious review of exhaled breath analysis for diabetes monitoring is essential to track the technological progress in the field and comprehend the obstacles in developing a breath analysis-based diabetes management system. In this review, we consolidate the relevance of exhaled breath analysis through a critical assessment of current technologies and recent advancements in sensing methods to address the shortcomings associated with blood glucose monitoring. We provide a detailed assessment of the intricacies involved in the development of non-invasive diabetes monitoring devices. In addition, we spotlight the need to consider breath biomarker clusters as opposed to standalone biomarkers for the clinical applicability of exhaled breath monitoring. We present potential VOC clusters suitable for diabetes management and highlight the recent buildout of breath sensing methodologies, focusing on novel sensing materials and transduction mechanisms. Finally, we portray a multifaceted comparison of exhaled breath analysis for diabetes monitoring and highlight remaining challenges on the path to realizing breath analysis as a non-invasive healthcare approach.

Blood Glucose Monitoring In Pediatric Patients—Looking Toward Better Diabetes Management and Perspectives for the Future

2010 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
William L Clarke ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Artificial Pancreas ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Glycemic Variability ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Intensive Glucose Control ◽  
Nocturnal Hypoglycemia ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Analytical Accuracy

Self-blood glucose monitoring (SBGM) is an important component of day-to-day diabetes management for children and their families. Despite some recent concerns in terms of its analytical accuracy, it has been used successfully to implement intensive glucose control in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial, reduce glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, prevent acute complications, and make it possible for children to attend school and participate in sports activities safely. While still in its infancy, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has been shown to be useful in reducing the occurrence of nocturnal hypoglycemia, lowering HbA1clevels, and reducing glycemic variability. Its analytical accuracy has prevented its approval as an alternative to SBGM for insulin decision-making. However, it has made possible the development and testing of closed-loop ‘artificial pancreas’ systems for controlling glucose levels in adults and adolescents.

Glucose Monitoring of the Diabetic Patient

1992 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 280-289
Author(s):  
Janet P. Engle
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Patient ◽  
Patient Monitoring ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Home Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
The Many ◽  
Diabetes Management Program

The use of home glucose monitoring products is increasing. The pharmacist can make an important contribution to the diabetic patient's care by becoming knowledgeable about the many monitoring products available and by providing a structured diabetes management program for his or her patients. This article will discuss the many products available for home blood glucose monitoring and the pharmacist's role in diabetic patient monitoring.

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