Power-Spectrum Centroid Detection for Doppler Systems Applications

1980 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levy Gerzberg ◽  
James D. Meindl
Keyword(s):  
Power Spectrum ◽  
Additive Noise ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Estimation Errors ◽  
Input Noise ◽  
Centroid Estimation ◽  
System Requirements ◽  
Centroid Detection ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Noise Reduction Technique

The theoretical basis for the development of a power-spectrum centroid detector is presented, and known and new applications to centroid detection are described. Based on these applications, the requirements are formulated for a versatile centroid detector which can be employed in various types of ultrasonic doppler systems. An analysis method for centroid estimation is developed and applied to the correlation- and √f-type detectors. Closed-form expressions for estimation errors are derived and used for detector evaluation with and without additive noise at the input. A noise-reduction technique is introduced that enables accurate centroid detection despite the presence of strong input noise. Based on the results of this analysis, theoretical comparisons of the detectors, and system requirements, the √f detector is selected for implementation and use.

Designing Popular Classes on Viewboard Public Assessment of Lectures Based on YII Framework

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-156
Author(s):  
Indri Handayani ◽  
Erick Febriyanto ◽  
Andrew Jethro
Keyword(s):  
Flow System ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Student Identity ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
The Public ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
System Requirements ◽  
Popular Classes ◽  
Observation Method

The lecture support system in Higher Education has information about student identity in each system, such as profile photos, names, NIM (Student Registration Number) and according to system requirements. An assessment on the public viewboard is an Online Assessment System aimed at improving services at Raharja University. However, in the multiplication flow system still has 3 disadvantages, namely, students do not yet have the facility to see the allocation value between friends in one class in one course to be able to improve the results of lecture grades with classmates and also between classes. In class design Popular writers also do five methods, namely the method of analysis, method of literature review, observation method, design method, and then implemented. With the existence of this study, there are 3 Benefits, namely, students can see the value determined by classmates, can improve the value, and lecturers can ensure the value given must be recognized by students.    

Stochastic resonance in an array of integrate-and-fire neurons with threshold

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (16) ◽  
pp. 1850169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingchang Zhou ◽  
Qianqian Qi
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Resonance ◽  
Additive Noise ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Array Size ◽  
Periodic Signal ◽  
Signal Parameter ◽  
Input Noise ◽  
Integrate And Fire ◽  
Noisy Input ◽  
Better Than

We investigate the phenomenon of stochastic resonance (SR) in parallel integrate-and-fire neuronal arrays with threshold driven by additive noise or signal-dependent noise (SDN) and a noisy input signal. SR occurs in this system. Whether the system is subject to the additive noise or SDN, the input noise [Formula: see text] weakens the performance of SR but the array size N and signal parameter [Formula: see text] promote the performance of SR. Signal parameter [Formula: see text] promotes the performance of SR for the additive noise, but the peak values of the output signal-to-noise ratio [Formula: see text] first decrease, then increase as [Formula: see text] increases for the SDN. Moreover, when [Formula: see text] tends to infinity, for the SDN, the curve of [Formula: see text] first increases and then decreases, however, for the additive noise, the curve of [Formula: see text] increases to reach a plain. By comparing system performance with the additive noise to one with SDN, we also find that the information transmission of a periodic signal with SDN is significantly better than one with the additive noise in limited array size N.

scholarly journals Designing Popular Classes on Viewboard Public Assessment of Lectures Based on YII Framework

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-156
Author(s):  
Indri Handayani ◽  
Erick Febriyanto ◽  
Andrew Jethro
Keyword(s):  
Flow System ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Student Identity ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
The Public ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
System Requirements ◽  
Popular Classes ◽  
Observation Method

The lecture support system in Higher Education has information about student identity in each system, such as profile photos, names, NIM (Student Registration Number) and according to system requirements. An assessment on the public viewboard is an Online Assessment System aimed at improving services at Raharja University. However, in the multiplication flow system still has 3 disadvantages, namely, students do not yet have the facility to see the allocation value between friends in one class in one course to be able to improve the results of lecture grades with classmates and also between classes. In class design Popular writers also do five methods, namely the method of analysis, method of literature review, observation method, design method, and then implemented. With the existence of this study, there are 3 Benefits, namely, students can see the value determined by classmates, can improve the value, and lecturers can ensure the value given must be recognized by students.    

scholarly journals Das Schweizerische Landesforstinventar – eine Bilanz (Essay)

2011 ◽  
Vol 162 (9) ◽  
pp. 274-281
Author(s):  
Peter Brassel
Keyword(s):  
Forest Inventory ◽  
National Level ◽  
National Forest Inventory ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Estimation Errors ◽  
Joint Project ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
New Applications

Switzerland's National Forest Inventory – review and outlook (essay) The idea of carrying out a national forest inventory in Switzerland was first raised in the 1950s. It had become increasingly evident that such an inventory was lacking as a basis for evaluating the state of the forest in the whole country. But it was not until 1970 that this idea took concrete shape. And it took another ten years for the Swiss government to agree to the first inventory taking place. From the start, the National Forest Inventory (NFI) was a joint project of the Swiss federal administration and the Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL. It has now established itself as an objective source of information about the Swiss forest. On the national level, it is today the most important instrument for monitoring the sustainability of the management of Swiss forests, and it yields the main data needed for international reports on forests. The success of the NFI is at least partly due to the fact that it has met with widespread support from both the Swiss authorities and scientists. The NFI has, over the past 30 years, continuously developed both methodologically and in terms of content. Thus the first NFI's data catalogue was expanded to include, for example, numerous ecological parameters. Currently the fourth NFI is underway. It will mark the transition from a periodic to a continuous inventory. In the future, the survey results will be published roughly every three years. Reducing the intervals between inventories will, however, be associated with higher estimation errors. On the other hand, interesting new applications can be expected in remote sensing, as well as improved models of future forest development. Some new methods seem promising, like the so-called “small area estimation”, which enables conclusions to be drawn about relatively small areas. However, if the NFI is to continue to perform its tasks adequately in future, it must receive sufficient funding.

scholarly journals Empleo de microdrones para la reconstrucción tridimensional del terreno

2019 ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
José Gabriel Ramírez-Torres ◽  
Ander Larrañaga-Cepeda
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Autonomous Navigation ◽  
Good Accuracy ◽  
Digital Terrain Model ◽  
Estimation Errors ◽  
Processing Scheme ◽  
Terrain Model ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Digital Terrain ◽  
New Applications

This document proposes an image processing scheme that allows the construction of a digital terrain model using technologically affordable elements: a personal computer and a low-budget micro UAV. Another important issue of this proposal is that the construction of the model does not require georeferenced information or sophisticated sensors, since the whole process is based on the processing of digital images taken with a monocular camera embedded in the microdron. The digital terrain model, in addition to being built incrementally (at the same time the area is overflight), is of good accuracy, with estimation errors of less than 4%, so the model could be used for trajectory planning and autonomous navigation of the micro UAV. The purpose of this work is to provide to a large number of users, both private and academic, a robust and affordable tool for the development of new applications based on the use of UAV.

scholarly journals Theorems on Positive Data: On the Uniqueness of NMF

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Laurberg ◽  
Mads Græsbøll Christensen ◽  
Mark D. Plumbley ◽  
Lars Kai Hansen ◽  
Søren Holdt Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Unique Solution ◽  
Matrix Factorization ◽  
Nonnegative Matrix Factorization ◽  
Additive Noise ◽  
Nonnegative Matrix ◽  
Estimation Errors ◽  
Positive Data

We investigate the conditions for which nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is unique and introduce several theorems which can determine whether the decomposition is in fact unique or not. The theorems are illustrated by several examples showing the use of the theorems and their limitations. We have shown that corruption of a unique NMF matrix by additive noise leads to a noisy estimation of the noise-free unique solution. Finally, we use a stochastic view of NMF to analyze which characterization of the underlying model will result in an NMF with small estimation errors.

Analysis method of noise power spectrum for medical monochrome liquid crystal displays

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuhiro Ichikawa ◽  
Yoshie Kodera ◽  
Aya Nishimura ◽  
Mikio Hasegawa ◽  
Naohiro Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Power Spectrum ◽  
Liquid Crystal Displays ◽  
Noise Power ◽  
Noise Power Spectrum ◽  
Analysis Method
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