What three-year-olds remember from their past

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Hirte ◽  
Frauke Graf ◽  
Ziyon Kim ◽  
Monika Knopf
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Deferred Imitation ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Task Recognition ◽  
Long Term Retention ◽  
Memory Contents

From birth on, infants show long-term recognition memory for persons. Furthermore, infants from six months onwards are able to store and retrieve demonstrated actions over long-term intervals in deferred imitation tasks. Thus, information about the model demonstrating the object-related actions is stored and recognition memory for the objects as well as memory for the actions is retrieved. To study the development of long-term retention for different memory contents systematically, the present study investigated the recognition of person- and object-related information as well as the retention of actions in two samples of three-year-olds who had participated in a deferred imitation task at either nine or 18 months of age. Results showed that three-year-olds who had participated at nine months of age retained actions in a re-enactment task; however, they neither indicated person- nor object-recognition in a picture-choice task (recognition task). Children who had participated at 18 months of age demonstrated person- and object-recognition but no re-enactment at three years of age. Findings are discussed against the background of memory development from a preverbal to a verbal age and in regard to the characteristics of the recognition vs re-enactment tasks and the stimuli used.

scholarly journals Amphetamine Modulation of Long-Term Object Recognition Memory in Rats: Influence of Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Colucci ◽  
Alessia Santori ◽  
Luca Romanelli ◽  
Clemens Zwergel ◽  
Antonello Mai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Adrenergic System ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Swim Stress ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Forced Swim ◽  
Forced Swim Stress

Amphetamine is a potent psychostimulant that increases brain monoamine levels. Extensive evidence demonstrated that norepinephrine is crucially involved in the regulation of memory consolidation for stressful experiences. Here, we investigated amphetamine effects on the consolidation of long-term recognition memory in rats exposed to different intensities of forced swim stress immediately after training. Furthermore, we evaluated whether such effects are dependent on the activation of the peripheral adrenergic system. To this aim, male adult Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to an object recognition task and intraperitoneally administered soon after training with amphetamine (0.5 or 1 mg/kg), or its corresponding vehicle. Rats were thereafter exposed to a mild (1 min, 25 ± 1°C) or strong (5 min, 19 ± 1°C) forced swim stress procedure. Recognition memory retention was assessed 24-h after training. Our findings showed that amphetamine enhances the consolidation of memory in rats subjected to mild stress condition, while it impairs long-term memory performance in rats exposed to strong stress. These dichotomic effects is dependent on stress-induced activation of the peripheral adrenergic response.

Long-Term Visual Object Recognition Memory in Aged Rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Platano ◽  
Patrizia Fattoretti ◽  
Marta Balietti ◽  
Carlo Bertoni-Freddari ◽  
Giorgio Aicardi
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Visual Object ◽  
Visual Object Recognition ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Object Recognition Memory

Mangiferin, a naturally occurring glucoxilxanthone improves long-term object recognition memory in rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 635 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 124-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto L. Pardo Andreu ◽  
Natasha Maurmann ◽  
Gustavo Kellermann Reolon ◽  
Caroline B. de Farias ◽  
Gilberto Schwartsmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Object Recognition Memory

scholarly journals Hippocampal Infusion of Zeta Inhibitory Peptide Impairs Recent, but Not Remote, Recognition Memory in Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jena B. Hales ◽  
Amber C. Ocampo ◽  
Nicola J. Broadbent ◽  
Robert E. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Dorsal Hippocampus ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Inhibitory Peptide ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
Novel Object Recognition Task

Spatial memory in rodents can be erased following the infusion of zeta inhibitory peptide (ZIP) into the dorsal hippocampus via indwelling guide cannulas. It is believed that ZIP impairs spatial memory by reversing established late-phase long-term potentiation (LTP). However, it is unclear whether other forms of hippocampus-dependent memory, such as recognition memory, are also supported by hippocampal LTP. In the current study, we tested recognition memory in rats following hippocampal ZIP infusion. In order to combat the limited targeting of infusions via cannula, we implemented a stereotaxic approach for infusing ZIP throughout the dorsal, intermediate, and ventral hippocampus. Rats infused with ZIP 3–7 days after training on the novel object recognition task exhibited impaired object recognition memory compared to control rats (those infused with aCSF). In contrast, rats infused with ZIP 1 month after training performed similar to control rats. The ability to form new memories after ZIP infusions remained intact. We suggest that enhanced recognition memory for recent events is supported by hippocampal LTP, which can be reversed by hippocampal ZIP infusion.

scholarly journals Modulation of recognition memory performance by light requires both melanopsin and classical photoreceptors

2016 ◽  
Vol 283 (1845) ◽  
pp. 20162275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu K. E. Tam ◽  
Sibah Hasan ◽  
Steven Hughes ◽  
Mark W. Hankins ◽  
Russell G. Foster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Bright Light ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Effect Of Light

Acute light exposure exerts various effects on physiology and behaviour. Although the effects of light on brain network activity in humans are well demonstrated, the effects of light on cognitive performance are inconclusive, with the size, as well as direction, of the effect depending on the nature of the task. Similarly, in nocturnal rodents, bright light can either facilitate or disrupt performance depending on the type of task employed. Crucially, it is unclear whether the effects of light on behavioural performance are mediated via the classical image-forming rods and cones or the melanopsin-expressing photosensitive retinal ganglion cells. Here, we investigate the modulatory effects of light on memory performance in mice using the spontaneous object recognition task. Importantly, we examine which photoreceptors are required to mediate the effects of light on memory performance. By using a cross-over design, we show that object recognition memory is disrupted when the test phase is conducted under a bright light (350 lux), regardless of the light level in the sample phase (10 or 350 lux), demonstrating that exposure to a bright light at the time of test, rather than at the time of encoding, impairs performance. Strikingly, the modulatory effect of light on memory performance is completely abolished in both melanopsin-deficient and rodless–coneless mice. Our findings provide direct evidence that melanopsin-driven and rod/cone-driven photoresponses are integrated in order to mediate the effect of light on memory performance.

Facilitation of long-term object recognition memory by pretraining administration of diphenyl diselenide in mice

2003 ◽  
Vol 341 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato M. Rosa ◽  
Debora G. Flores ◽  
Helmoz R. Appelt ◽  
Antônio Luiz Braga ◽  
João Antônio Pêgas Henriques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Diphenyl Diselenide ◽  
Object Recognition Memory

scholarly journals BDNF as a Putative Target for Standardized Extract of Ginkgo biloba-Induced Persistence of Object Recognition Memory

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3326
Author(s):  
Beatriz G. Muratori ◽  
Cláudia R. Zamberlam ◽  
Thaís B. Mendes ◽  
Bruno H. N. Nozima ◽  
Janete M. Cerutti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Hippocampal Formation ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Bdnf Expression ◽  
Object Recognition Memory

Despite considerable progress on the study of the effect of standardized extract of Gingko biloba (EGb) on memory processes, our understanding of its role in the persistence of long-term memory (LTM) and the molecular mechanism underlying its effect, particularly episodic-like memory, is limited. We here investigated the effects of EGb on the long-term retention of recognition memory and its persistence and BDNF expression levels in the dorsal hippocampal formation (DHF). Adult male Wistar rats (n = 10/group) were handled for 10 min/5 day. On day 6, the animals were treated with vehicle or 0.4 mg/kg diazepam (control groups) or with EGb (250, 500 or 100 mg/kg) 30 min before the training session (TR1), in which the animals were exposed to two sample objects. On day 7, all rats underwent a second training session (TR2) as described in the TR1 but without drug treatment. Object recognition memory (ORM) was evaluated on day 8 (retention test, T1) and day 9 (persistence test, T2). At the end of T1or T2, animals were decapitated, and DHF samples were frozen at −80 °C for analyses of the differential expression of BDNF by Western blotting. EGb-treated groups spent more time exploring the novel object in T2 and showed the highest recognition index (RI) values during the T1 and T2, which was associated with upregulation of BDNF expression in the DHF in a dose-and session-dependent manner. Our data reveal, for the first time, that EGb treatment before acquisition of ORM promotes persistence of LTM by BDNF differential expression.

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