Respiratory-digestive tract fistula: two-center retrospective observational study

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameh I Sersar ◽  
Lamees A Maghrabi
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Fistulous Tract ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Feeding Difficulties ◽  
Esophageal Stenting ◽  
Endoscopic Clipping ◽  
Tract Fistula

Background Aerodigestive fistulae can be defined as abnormal communications between the gastrointestinal tract and the respiratory tract. Choking after meals, coughing, feeding difficulties, tachycardia, and persistent pneumonia are the main presentations. The aim of our study was to review our experience in the management of 27 cases of acquired aerodigestive fistulae of different types, levels, and management. Methods We conducted a retrospective observational study on 27 cases of fistulae between the respiratory and digestive tracts, which were managed in 2 hospitals in Saudi Arabia in the last 5 years. The patients comprised 16 females and 11 males, with a mean age of 29 years (range 17–67 years). Results The most common aerodigestive tract fistula was tracheoesophageal in 8 patients, followed by esophagobronchial in 6, and esophagopleural in 5. Four postendoscopic fistulae were included. The least common were gastropleural and esophagopulmonary fistulae. The most common etiologies were iatrogenic and esophageal cancer, and the least common was blunt chest trauma. The main presentations were fever, chocking after or during meals, and tachycardia. We used various modalities of treatment: conservative, cervical repair, thoracoabdominal repair, hybrid insertion of a T-tube, endoscopic esophageal stenting, and endoscopic clipping of the fistulous tract. During follow-up, 6 patients died due to advanced esophageal cancer in 5 and upper airway obstruction after iatrogenic tracheobronchial fistula in one. Conclusion Acquired aerodigestive fistula is a devastating condition that should be managed early and aggressively by a multidisciplinary team.

scholarly journals Routine Follow-Up Radiographs for Ankle Fractures Seldom Add Value to Clinical Decision-Making: A Retrospective, Observational Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 957-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter van Gerven ◽  
Nikki L. Weil ◽  
Marco F. Termaat ◽  
Sidney M. Rubinstein ◽  
Mostafa El Moumni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Ankle Fractures ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study

scholarly journals Low skeletal muscle mass in stented esophageal cancer predicts poor survival: A retrospective observational study

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1429-1436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommi Järvinen ◽  
Ilkka Ilonen ◽  
Juha Kauppi ◽  
Kirsi Volmonen ◽  
Jarmo Salo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Poor Survival

The Effects of Unsupervised Home-based Exercise Upon Functional Capacity After 6 Months of Discharge From Cardiac Rehabilitation: A Retrospective Observational Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1230-1235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Pereira Borges ◽  
Mauro Felippe Felix Mediano ◽  
Paulo Farinatti ◽  
Marina Pereira Coelho ◽  
Pablo Marino Correa Nascimento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Home Based

Background:It remains unclear whether self-regulated exercise is sufficient to maintain the benefits acquired during formal cardiac rehabilitation (CR). This retrospective observational study investigated the effects of a home-based exercise intervention after discharge from CR upon anthropometric and aerobic capacity markers in clinically stable patients.Methods:Fifty patients with cardiovascular disease were discharged after 6 months of CR and encouraged to maintain aerobic exercise without supervision. Subsequent to 6 months of follow-up, patients were assigned to compliant (n = 34) or noncompliant (n = 16) groups according to their compliance to the home-based program. Maximal aerobic capacity (VO2peak) and anthropometric data were assessed before CR, at discharge, and after 6 months of follow-up.Results:No statistical differences between compliant and noncompliant groups were observed at baseline and at discharge from CR. At the end of the follow-up, statistical differences across groups were not found for body mass or body mass index, but increases in VO2peak (+3.6 vs. –0.6 ml/kg·min, P = 0.004) and oxygen pulse (+1.5 vs. +0.2 ml/bpm, P = .03) were greater in compliant than noncompliant group.Conclusions:Self-regulated exercising following CR discharge seems to be effective to maintain gains in exercise capacity acquired during supervised center-based programs.

scholarly journals Anemia and the use of antihypertensive medications in hemodialysis patients: multicenter retrospective observational study

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
N. Stepanova ◽  
V. Novakivskyy ◽  
L. Snisar ◽  
M. Kutsenko
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Erythropoietin Receptor ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Antihypertensive Medications ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Interest Statement ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Anemia Treatment

Abstract. We hypothesized that the use of antihypertensive medications in patients treated by hemodialysis (HD) may interfere with the activity of erythropoietin and leads to an increase in the dose of erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESAs). The aim of our study was to analyze the impact of antihypertensive medications on the effectiveness of anemia treatment. Methods. We conducted a multicenter retrospective observational study. The archival medical data from 379 patients treated by HD or hemodiafiltration (HDF) were used. The medical records of 142 patients were excluded from the study. The study group consisted of 237 patients: 108 (45.6%) women and 129 (54.4%) men, with an average age of 54 [41-62.5] years. Results. The analysis of the mean hemoglobin (Hb) stratified by the administration of antihypertensive medications in the dynamics of dialysis treatment demonstrated a significant impact of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (F = 3.97; p = 0.048) and amlodipine (F = 6.9; p = 0.01) on the effectiveness of anemia correction. The significant effect of amlodipine on the need to increase the dosage of iron-containing medications (OR = 3.9; 95% CI (1.27-12.06), p = 0.002; RR = 1.9 95% CI (1.27-2.9) and continuous erythropoietin receptor activator (CERA) (OR = 5.2, 95% CI (1.2-24.4), p = 0.03; RR = 1.3 95% CI (1, 08-1.6), p = 0.006) weas showed by logistic regression analysis. The increased risk of failure to achieve of the target Hb level in HD patients received amlodipine was confirmed by Cox regression model (HR = 2.7 (95% CI 1.5-4.7)). Conclusions: The results of our study demonstrated a significant increase in the frequency of appointment and amount of anti-anemia therapy in HD patients when amlodipine is co-administered. Follow-up studies to determine the effect of amlodipine mechanism for anemia will avoid unreasonable prescriptions for the treatment of НD patients. Conflict of interest statement: the authors declared no competing interests.

scholarly journals Twenty-Year Follow-Up of Excimer Laser Photorefractive Keratectomy: A Retrospective Observational Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 917-927
Author(s):  
Giovanni Cennamo ◽  
Feliciana Menna ◽  
Fabrizio Sinisi ◽  
Gilda Cennamo ◽  
Maria Angelica Breve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Excimer Laser ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Photorefractive Keratectomy

Photoreceptor morphology and correlation with subretinal fluid chronicity associated with choroidal nevus

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 863-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Yaghy ◽  
Michael D Yu ◽  
Lauren A Dalvin ◽  
Mehdi Mazloumi ◽  
Sandor R Ferenczy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Subretinal Fluid ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Progressive Change ◽  
Choroidal Nevus ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Choroidal Nevi

BackgroundSubretinal fluid (SRF) can be associated with choroidal nevus and can cause progressive change in the morphology of overlying photoreceptors.MethodsA retrospective observational study was performed using optical coherence tomography to assess nevus and SRF features, as well as photoreceptor morphology over time.ResultsThere were 232 choroidal nevi that presented with or developed SRF. Photoreceptor morphology at presentation was classified as normal (n=60, 26%), shaggy (elongated) (n=73, 31%), retracted (stalactite appearance) (n=76, 33%), or absent (n=23, 10%). There was a progression in photoreceptor morphology with increasing SRF chronicity (p=0.003). For nevus presenting with normal photoreceptors and later developed SRF (n=60), photoreceptors became shaggy in 29 (48%), retracted in 24 (40%), and absent in 7 (12%) after 15, 19 and 22 months, respectively. For nevus presenting with SRF and shaggy photoreceptors (n=73), progression to retracted photoreceptors occurred in 31 (42%) after a mean of 22 months; for nevus with SRF and retracted photoreceptors (n=76), progression to absent photoreceptors occurred in 19 (25%) after a mean of 34 months; and for nevus with absent photoreceptors (n=23), photoreceptor morphology showed no change after mean follow-up of 33 months. Risk of nevus growth to melanoma was not associated with photoreceptor morphology at presentation (p=0.19).ConclusionIn eyes with choroidal nevus and SRF, there is a longitudinal evolution in photoreceptor morphology from normal to shaggy to retracted then absent with increasing SRF chronicity. SRF chronicity, as indicated by photoreceptor morphology on presentation, did not correlate with nevus growth to melanoma.

Two-year follow-up with eslicarbazepine acetate: a consecutive, retrospective, observational study

2014 ◽  
Vol 108 (8) ◽  
pp. 1399-1405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando D. Correia ◽  
Joel Freitas ◽  
Rui Magalhães ◽  
João Lopes ◽  
João Ramalheira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
Eslicarbazepine Acetate

scholarly journals Management of oropharyngeal teratoma: Two case reports and a literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 030006052199687
Author(s):  
Peng Zhu ◽  
Xiao-Yan Li
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Current Case ◽  
Feeding Difficulties ◽  
Congenital Tumours ◽  
Congenital Tumour ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Cleft Tongue

Pharyngeal teratomas are very rare congenital tumours derived from pluripotent stem cells. Surgical resection is the main treatment to avoid breathing and feeding difficulties. This current case report describes two newborn infants with congenital oropharyngeal teratomas. In one of the infants, the tumour presented along with a cleft tongue and cleft palate. Prenatal diagnosis by ultrasonography did not identify the tumours because the masses were small and there was no polyhydramnios. Both cases were treated surgically and histological examination of the masses in both cases confirmed the diagnosis of a congenital epignathus. There were no complications such as infection, bleeding or residual recurrence following surgery. After 1-year follow-up, there was no recurrence of the epignathus in either case. Oropharyngeal teratoma is a very rare congenital tumour that may cause upper airway obstruction and feeding difficulties in the newborn, so it should be treated surgically in a timely manner.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR profile in 298 Indian COVID-19 patients : a retrospective observational study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bisakh Bhattacharya ◽  
Rohit Kumar ◽  
Ved Prakash Meena ◽  
Manish Soneja ◽  
Saurabh Vig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Positive Test ◽  
Retrospective Observational Study ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Prolonged Duration ◽  
The Mean

AbstractBackgroundDespite being in the 5th month of pandemic, knowledge with respect to viral dynamics, infectivity and RT-PCR positivity continues to evolve.AimTo analyse the SARS CoV-2 nucleic acid RT-PCR profiles in COVID-19 patients.DesignIt was a retrospective, observational study conducted at COVID facilities under AIIMS, New Delhi.MethodsPatients admitted with laboratory confirmed COVID-19 were eligible for enrolment. Patients with incomplete details, or only single PCR tests were excluded. Data regarding demographic details, comorbidities, treatment received and results of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR performed on nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs, collected at different time points, was retrieved from the hospital records.Results298 patients were included, majority were males (75·8%) with mean age of 39·07 years (0·6-88 years). The mean duration from symptom onset to first positive RT-PCR was 4·7 days (SD 3·67), while that of symptom onset to last positive test was 17·83 days (SD 6·22). Proportions of positive RT-PCR tests were 100%, 49%, 24%, 8·7% and 20·6% in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th & >4 weeks of illness. 12 symptomatic patients had prolonged positive test results even after 3 weeks of symptom onset. Age >= 60 years was associated with prolonged RT-PCR positivity (statistically significant).ConclusionThis study showed that the average period of PCR positivity is more than 2 weeks in COVID-19 patients; elderly patients have prolonged duration of RT-PCR positivity and requires further follow up.

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