Limited Blood Fluidity as a Contributory Factor of Venous Stasis in Chronic Venous Insufficiency

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ernst ◽  
A. Matrai ◽  
M. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Cell Aggregation ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Venous Stasis ◽  
Contributory Factor ◽  
Venous Blood Flow ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Aggregation

Patients with chronic venous insufficiency were compared to matched controls in terms of blood and plasma viscosity, haematocrit, blood cell filterability, red cell aggregation, fibrinogen and ESR. The results show that in chronic venous insufficiency plasma viscosity and red cell aggregation are elevated, while blood cell filterability is reduced. Furthermore, the venous blood flow velocity (as determined by Doppler technique) correlates inversely with both plasma viscosity and red cell aggregation. We conclude that the systematic rheological abnormality increases the resistance to venous blood flow and may represent a contributory factor of venous stasis in this disorder.

Viscidation of Blood during Short Term Bed Rest – Its Possible Importance in the Etiology of Deep Vein Thrombosis

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
E. Ernst ◽  
T. Saradeth ◽  
I. Magyarosy ◽  
A. Matrai
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Cell Aggregation ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Cell Deformability ◽  
Red Cell Deformability ◽  
Red Cell Aggregation

Twelve male volunteers were submitted to strict bed rest. Before, 36 hours, and 84 hours after the start of immobilisation venous blood was drawn. Blood viscosity, haematocrit, plasma viscosity, red cell aggregation, red cell deformability, blood pressure, heart rate and body weight were determined. Results show marked haemoconcentration with significant elevations of blood viscosity, haematocrit, plasma viscosity and red cell aggregation during bed rest. Body weight declines by more than 1 kg. It is suggested that haemoconcentration reduces the fluidity of blood, which in turn decreases flow, thereby predisposing to venous thrombosis in clinical situations with bed rest

scholarly journals Sonography and multislice contrast tomography in the diagnosis of chronic venous insufficiency complicated by trophic ulcers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 316-323
Author(s):  
O. Kolomiets
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Chronic Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Multislice Computed Tomography ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Venous System ◽  
Venous Blood Flow ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
X Ray

Sonography has become the gold standard in the diagnosis of pathological changes in venous insufficiency, however, studies by other scientists indicate the need for a comprehensive study using phlebographic methods. The aim of the work was to compare the results of sonography and multislice tomography in the diagnosis of chronic venous insufficiency complicated by trophic ulcers. Materials and methods. The results of treatment of 97 patients with chronic venous insufficiency in stage C6 and C6r were evaluated. Ultrasound angioscanning of the venous system of the lower extremities at the planning stage of surgical treatment and in the postoperative period (early and after a year of observation) was performed on a digital device of expert class for cardiovascular studies (Toshiba Aplio 500) with 5-10 MHz sensor and appropriate standard software package examination of the venous system of the lower extremities. Multislice computed tomography was performed using X-ray computed tomography (Philips Brilliance 64). The study was performed using X-ray contrast iodine-containing medium (Omnipack-350) at the rate of 1 ml of the drug per kilogram of patient weight. Research results and their discussion. the sonographic study found that the causes of trophic ulcers were impaired venous blood flow in the veins of the lower extremities due to severe varicose transformation and decompensated reflux, and changes in the deep venous system due to thrombosis of the deep veins. Greater sensitivity and specificity of multislice computed tomography in the diagnosis of postthrombotic stenoses and obliterations were found compared with sonographic examination. This method is valuable in the study of the anatomy of the venous system, but does not allow to assess the parameters of hemodynamics (duration and degree of reflux, but only its presence).

Blood Rheology in Post-Thrombotic Syndrome — A Pilot Study

1988 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ernst ◽  
A. Matrai ◽  
E. Vinnemeier ◽  
M. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Blood Rheology ◽  
Cell Aggregation ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Blood Fluidity ◽  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation ◽  
Disturbed Microcirculation ◽  
Red Cell Aggregation

Patients suffering from post-thromobotic syndrome are compared to controls in terms of ex-vivo measurements to quantify the rheological behavior of blood: blood and plasma viscosity, haematocrit, red cell aggregation, red cell filterability, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), plasma fibrinogen. The results show that plasma viscosity, red cell filterability, ESR and fibrinogen are significantly changed indicating a lack of blood fluidity in post-thrombotic disease. It is suggested that the rheological deficit and the venous pathology both contribute to a disturbed microcirculation in the affected limb.

Effects of dextran-induced hyperviscosity on regional blood flow and hemodynamics in dogs

1989 ◽  
Vol 256 (3) ◽  
pp. H898-H905 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Y. Chen ◽  
R. D. Carlin ◽  
S. Simchon ◽  
K. M. Jan ◽  
S. Chien
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Resistance ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Nutrient Transport ◽  
Cell Aggregation ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Flow Ratio ◽  
Progressive Reduction ◽  
Red Cell Aggregation

In 10 pentobarbitalized dogs, plasma viscosity (Ep) was raised fourfold while apparent blood viscosity (Ea) increased about twofold by two steps of exchange transfusion of 200 ml of plasma with plasma containing high molecular weight dextran (mol wt 500,000, 20% wt/vol). Elevation of Ea was primarily caused by an increase of Ep but not red cell aggregation. As Ea increased, regional blood flow (by 15-microns microspheres) remained constant in most organs but reduced in the small intestine, spleen, and thyroid gland. Vascular hindrance (Z), which reflects the state of vascular geometry, was calculated as flow resistance per Ea. Among various organs, a reduction in Z was noted in the heart, liver, pancreas, kidney, brain, and adrenal gland. In myocardium, there was a progressive reduction of the endocardial-to-epicardial flow ratio, indicating a less profound vasodilation in endocardium than epicardium. These results indicate that dextran-induced hyperviscosity leads to a compensatory vasodilation in several vital organs thus serving to maintain blood flow and nutrient transport.

scholarly journals Review of the plethysmographic methods for studying hemodynamic disorders in patients with chronic lower extremites venous diseases

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-70
Author(s):  
A. B. Sannikov ◽  
V. M. Emelyanenko ◽  
I. V. Drozdova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Chronic Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Venous Blood Flow ◽  
Residual Volume ◽  
Venous Outflow ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Venous Diseases

Plethysmography as a method for studying peripheral circulatory system was first proposed by wletney in 1953. In Russia, the first most significant research studies on the feasibility of plethysmography in studying peripheral blood flow and circulatory physiology taken together were conducted at the St. Petersburg Pavlov Institute of Physiology in 1961. From this time onwards, the possibilities of plethysmography as a non-invasive objective method for the diagnosis of hemodynamic disorders, particularly in arterial pathology, were studied intensively. These parameters were not determined for the venous blood flow, but in 1980s the authors were able to establish plethysmographic criteria not only for various forms of venous pathology, but also for degrees of chronic venous insufficiency using a device significantly improved by V.N. Pavlov and V.E. Maslov.The purpose of this publication is to analyze the literature data on the use of aerial plethysmography and photoplethysmography in the study of hemodynamic disorders in patients with chronic diseases of the veins of the lower extremities. At present, in order to assess the venous blood flow in condition of air plethysmography, indicators of functional venous volume (VV), maximum venous outflow (MVO), venous filling index (VFI), evacuation volume (EV) and residual volume (RV), as well as an integral indicator – residual volume fraction (RVF) are determined in the world. A venous reflux test (VRT) is performed as part of photoplethysmography. The data published today show the high statistical reliability of the comparative analysis and the great scientific significance of the research. According to many foreign authors the use of plethysmographic methods of diagnosis allow to assess violations of venous blood flow in patients with chronic venous diseases of various clinical classes according to CEAP more precisely and to give a global assessment of disorders of the venous outflow from thrombotic occlusion of segmental to hypervolemia in patients with varicose veins in different forms of manifestations of chronic venous insufficiency. The analysis of the literature data allows to make a conclusion about the prospects of further research using these non-invasive methods of evaluation of venous blood flow in the lower extremities.

Red Cell Aggregation Induced by a High Molecular Weight Gelatin Plasma Substitute

1971 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 428-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.M. Scholz ◽  
J. Engeset ◽  
N.A. Matheson ◽  
U.F. Gruber
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Cell Aggregation ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Plasma Substitute ◽  
Red Cell Aggregation

scholarly journals Nonspecific red cell aggregation interferes in the interpretation of gel test results

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Sabita Basu ◽  
Ravneet Kaur ◽  
Gagandeep Kaur ◽  
Paramjit Kaur ◽  
Anita Tahlan
Keyword(s):  
Cell Aggregation ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Red Cell Aggregation

scholarly journals Chronic venous insufficiency after COVID-19: management of edema and pain syndromes

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-153
Author(s):  
F. Kh. Nizamov
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Chronic Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Venous Insufficiency ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Venous Stasis ◽  
Vein Wall ◽  
Vas Scores

Introduction. COVID-19 infection raises many questions regarding the health condition of patients after they have had COVID-19. The aim of this study is to examine the characteristic symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency in the postcovid period.Materials and methods. The materials that were used for work included the results of studying the medical aid appealability, characteristic symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency in persons who have had the coronavirus infection. 47 patients presented with complaints about deterioration of their condition after they had had COVID-19 over March to September 2021 period. Methods: general clinical examiniation, ultrasound angioscanning of veins of the lower extremities, laboratory coagulation tests.Results and discussion. Before deterioration, calf circumference was measured 22–24 cm at a typical measurement site in most patients (89%), after covid infection it reached 26–27 cm. Varicose veins remained soft, without intravascular formations, edema was often bilateral, asymmetric, pain was described as constant (5–6 VAS scores), patients had prominent signs of lymphostasis. 35 out of 47 people received diosmin-based venotonic drug of Russian manufacture at a dose of 1000 mg/day (one tablet twice a day), the course of treatment lasted one to two months. After that period, the edema subsided in 85% of patients, the severity of pain syndrome significantly reduced (up to 2–3 VAS scores). With regard to chronic venous insufficiency in patients with chronic diseases of lower extremity veins (mostly varicose and post-thrombotic diseases), the significant progress of disease was observed in almost 94% of follow-up cases. Diosmin is the main drug that is prescribed to treat chronic venous insufficiency. The drug has an angioprotective and venotonic effect, reduces the vein wall elasticity, increases venous tone, and decreases venous stasis, reduces capillary permeability and fragility, and increases their resistance, improves microcirculation and lymphatic drainage.Сonclusions. In the postcovid period, clinical symptoms of some chronic diseases occur/worsen, including clinical manifestations of chronic venous insufficiency. The use of Russian diosmin-based drug for the management of edema and pain syndrome is very promising.

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