scholarly journals The effects of life review interventions on spiritual well-being, psychological distress, and quality of life in patients with terminal or advanced cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 883-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong-Wen Wang ◽  
Amy YM Chow ◽  
Cecilia LW Chan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Life Review ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Standardized Mean Difference

Background: Life review interventions have been used to alleviate psycho-spiritual distress in people near the end of life. However, their effectiveness remains inconclusive. Aim: To evaluate the effects of therapeutic life review on spiritual well-being, psychological distress, and quality of life in patients with terminal or advanced cancer. Design: A systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses methodology. Data sources: Five databases were searched from their respective inception through February 2017 for relevant randomized controlled trials. The effects of therapeutic life review were pooled across the trials. Standardized mean differences were calculated for the pooled effects. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 test. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane criteria. Results: Eight randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. The pooled results suggested a desirable effect of therapeutic life review on the meaning of life domain of spiritual well-being (standardized mean difference = 0.33; 95% confidence interval, 0.12 to 0.53), general distress (standardized mean difference = −0.32; 95% confidence interval, −0.55 to −0.09), and overall quality of life (standardized mean difference = 0.35; 95% confidence interval, 0.15 to 0.56) when compared to usual care only. Of the three outcomes examined, only the pooled effect on overall quality of life remained statistically significant at follow-ups up to 3 months after the intervention (standardized mean difference = 0.82; 95% confidence interval, 0.47 to 1.18). Conclusions: Therapeutic life review is potentially beneficial for people near the end of life. However, the results should be interpreted with caution due to the limited number of randomized controlled trials and associated methodological weaknesses. Further rigorously designed randomized controlled trials are warranted.

The effectiveness of functional electrical stimulation of the legs in patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

2021 ◽  
pp. 026921552110569
Author(s):  
Hsun-Yi Wang ◽  
Yu-Hsuan Chen ◽  
Yi-Chun Kuan ◽  
Shih-Wei Huang ◽  
Li-Fong Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Functional Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of functional electrical stimulation of the legs in patients with heart failure. Methods Data were obtained from PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases until August 12, 2021. We included randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effects of functional electrical stimulation applied to the legs of patients with heart failure, namely changes in cardiopulmonary function, muscle strength, and quality of life. Results In total, 14 randomized controlled trials (consisting of 518 patients) were included in our article. Pooled estimates demonstrated that functional electrical stimulation significantly improved peak oxygen consumption (peak VO2; standardized mean difference = 0.33, 95% confidence interval = 0.07–0.59, eight randomized controlled trials, n = 321), 6-min walking distance (mean difference = 48.03 m, 95% confidence interval = 28.50–67.57 m, 10 randomized controlled trials, n = 380), and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire quality of life score (mean difference =  − 8.23, 95% confidence interval =  − 12.64 to − 3.83, nine randomized controlled trials, n = 383). Muscle strength of lower extremities was not significantly improved in the functional electrical stimulation group compared with that in the control group (standardized mean difference = 0.26, 95% confidence interval =  − 0.18 to 0.71, five randomized controlled trials, n = 218). Furthermore, the subgroup analysis revealed that functional electrical stimulation significantly improved peak VO2, 6-min walking distance, and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire quality of life score in the heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction subgroups. Conclusion Functional electrical stimulation can effectively improve the cardiopulmonary function and quality of life in patients with heart failure. However, functional electrical stimulation did not significantly improve muscle strength in the legs.

scholarly journals The Effect of Yoga Interventions on Cancer-Related Fatigue and Quality of Life for Women with Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 153473542095988
Author(s):  
Meagan O’Neill ◽  
Dominic Samaroo ◽  
Christian Lopez ◽  
George Tomlinson ◽  
Daniel Santa Mina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Cancer Related Fatigue

Background: Women with breast cancer (BC) are living longer with debilitating side effects such as cancer-related fatigue (CRF) that affect overall well-being. Yoga promotes health, well-being and may be beneficial in reducing CRF. Although there have been previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses, the effects of yoga on CRF and quality of life (QOL) remain unclear, particularly in comparison with other types of physical activity (PA). Our objective is to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of yoga on CRF and QOL in women with BC. Methods: Electronic databases were searched (MEDLINE, Embase Classic+Embase and EMB Reviews, Cochrane Central CT) from inception to May 2018. Randomized controlled trials were included if they were full text, in English, included a yoga intervention, a comparator (including non-PA usual care or alternate PA intervention), and reported on CRF or QOL. Effects of yoga were pooled using standardized mean difference (SMD) via a random effects model. Results: Of the 2468 records retrieved, 24 trials were included; 18 studies compared yoga to a non-PA comparator and 6 to a PA comparator. Yoga demonstrated statistically significant improvements in CRF over non-PA (SMD −0.30 [−0.51; −0.08]) but not PA (SMD −0.17 [−0.50; 0.17]) comparators. Additionally, yoga demonstrated statistically significant improvements in QOL over non-PA (SMD −0.27 [−0.46; −0.07]) but not PA (SMD 0.04 [−0.22; +0.31]) comparators. Discussion: This meta-analysis found that yoga provides small to medium improvements in CRF and QOL compared to non-PA, but not in comparison to other PA interventions.

scholarly journals Mindfulness-based stress reduction for treating chronic headache: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cephalalgia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Anheyer ◽  
Matthew J Leach ◽  
Petra Klose ◽  
Gustav Dobos ◽  
Holger Cramer
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Tension Type Headache ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Standardized Mean Difference ◽  
Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction

Background Mindfulness-based stress reduction/cognitive therapy are frequently used for pain-related conditions, but their effects on headache remain uncertain. This review aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of mindfulness-based stress reduction/cognitive therapy in reducing the symptoms of chronic headache. Data sources and study selection MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, CENTRAL, and PsychINFO were searched to 16 June 2017. Randomized controlled trials comparing mindfulness-based stress reduction/cognitive therapy with usual care or active comparators for migraine and/or tension-type headache, which assessed headache frequency, duration or intensity as a primary outcome, were eligible for inclusion. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Tool. Results Five randomized controlled trials (two on tension-type headache; one on migraine; two with mixed samples) with a total of 185 participants were included. Compared to usual care, mindfulness-based stress reduction/cognitive therapy did not improve headache frequency (three randomized controlled trials; standardized mean difference = 0.00; 95% confidence interval = −0.33,0.32) or headache duration (three randomized controlled trials; standardized mean difference = −0.08; 95% confidence interval = −1.03,0.87). Similarly, no significant difference between groups was found for pain intensity (five randomized controlled trials; standardized mean difference = −0.78; 95% confidence interval = −1.72,0.16). Conclusions Due to the low number, small scale and often high or unclear risk of bias of included randomized controlled trials, the results are imprecise; this may be consistent with either an important or negligible effect. Therefore, more rigorous trials with larger sample sizes are needed.

scholarly journals Effects of Phytoestrogen Supplement on Quality of Life of Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-Ching Peng ◽  
Chia-Yu Liu ◽  
Nai-Rong Kuo ◽  
Tao-Hsin Tung
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Background. The effect of phytoestrogen on postmenopausal quality of life is unclear. This study evaluated the effects of phytoestrogen supplement on quality of life for postmenopausal women. Methods. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on the effects of phytoestrogen supplements on the quality of life of postmenopausal women. We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials on March 31, 2018, for relevant randomized controlled trials. Two authors independently selected studies, assessed risk of bias, and extracted data. Disagreement was resolved through discussion with a third author. Results. We involved 10 articles in the systematic review. 8 studies and a total of 1,129 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. The questionnaires used in the evaluation of quality of life were as follows: SF-36, 4 studies; MENQOL, 4 studies; For Short Form 36 surveys, phytoestrogen groups scored significantly higher for body pain (mean difference = 3.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.14, 6.57], P < 0.01), mental health (mean difference = 4.01, 95% CI = [1.49, 6.57], P < 0.01), and role limitations caused by emotional problems domains (mean difference = 3.83, 95% CI = [1.81, 5.85], P < 0.01). No statistically significant difference was obtained from Menopause-Specific Quality of Life surveys (vasomotor domain mean difference 0.14, 95% CI = [−0.08, 0.36], P = 0.20; physical domain mean difference 0.20, 95% CI [−0.08, 0.48], P = 0.15; psychological domain mean difference −0.10, 95% CI [−0.26, 0.07], P = 0.27; sexual domain mean difference −0.17, 95% CI [−0.42, 0.09], P = 0.19). Conclusion. Current evidence does not support phytoestrogen supplementation improving postmenopausal quality of life. Further comprehensive trials or long-term follow-up studies are warranted.

scholarly journals AB0766 ACCURACY OF PATIENT REPORTED OUTCOME REPORTING IN RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS IN PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1681.2-1681
Author(s):  
B. Frade-Sosa ◽  
A. Kerschbaumer ◽  
P. Studenic ◽  
E. Chwala ◽  
J. S. Smolen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Patient Reported

Background:Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) allow incorporating the patient’s perspective and health related quality of life (HRQoL) into shared decision making when choosing the optimal treatment strategy in patients suffering from psoriatic arthritis (PsA). PsA is a chronic inflammatory disease with heterogeneous manifestations with a range of symptoms, co-morbidities and reduced quality of life. International working groups (1) emphasized to integrate these outcomes as endpoints in clinical trials and as part of the core set of measures.Objectives:To evaluate the quality of PRO reporting in randomized clinical trials in PsA.Methods:We conducted a systematic literature review (PROSPERO ID 160930) searching PUBMED, MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library for publications (in English language) on randomized controlled trials investigating biological or targeted synthetic disease modifying drugs in adult PsA patients that included some PROs to evaluate the response to treatment. Two of the authors (BFS, AK) screened, selected and extracted the data of the trials that fulfilled inclusion criteria. Statistics were descriptive.Results:Of 1392 articles in total 880 were screened (512 duplicates); 92 were selected for detailed analysis with 48 finally analysed. 87% were primary publications were some patient-outcome measure were reported. The Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI) was reported in all RCTs (100%), while 70% of trials reported on the Short Form (36) Health Survey (SF36). Fatigue (FACIT-F) was reported in 29% of trials with different rates of articles published before and after the OMERACT working group recommendations (27% vs 50%) (1). Data on burden of psoriasis through the Dermatology Life Quality Index in 45%. Other PRO measurements to assess potentially affected health domains such as sleep disturbance, psychological disorders or well-being at work were reported only rarely.Conclusion:Our SLR shows that all trials report data on HAQ-DI. However, important domains as also emphasized by the OMERACT working group (1) are not routinely reported. Especially fatigue, included in 2016 as part of the OMERACT “Inner core” of the PsA Core Domain Set is only reported in about one quarter of studies, although 50% of studies published after 2016 report on fatigue. Data on emotional well-being, psychological status, productivity losses, and sleep disturbance remain rarely reported in PsA randomized controlled trials.References:[1]Orbai A, de Wit M, Mease P, et al International patient and physician consensus on a psoriatic arthritis core outcome set for clinical trials. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2017;76:673-680.Acknowledgments:Acknowledgements: The author BFS had received an economic grant from the Spanish Society of Rheumatology (FER KERN-PHARMA Scholarships for Short stays: Plan for the promotion of research) and the Catalan Society of Rheumatology (BequesNovartis de formació per estades a l’estranger) for the research stay in Vienna (Austria).Disclosure of Interests:Beatriz Frade-Sosa Grant/research support from: FER KERN-PHARMA Scholarships for Short stays: Plan for the promotion of research. BequesNovartis de formació per estades a l’estranger, Andreas Kerschbaumer Paid instructor for: Celgene, Speakers bureau: Andreas Kerschbaumer has received lecture fees from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead, Merck Sharp and Dohme and Pfizer., Paul Studenic Grant/research support from: Abbvie, Eva Chwala: None declared, Josef S. Smolen Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Pfizer, Roche – grant/research support, Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen Inc., AstraZeneca, Astro, Celgene Corporation, Celtrion, Eli Lilly, Glaxo, ILTOO, Janssen, Medimmune, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Samsung, Sanofi, UCB – consultant, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen Inc., AstraZeneca, Astro, Celgene Corporation, Celtrion, Eli Lilly, Glaxo, ILTOO, Janssen, Medimmune, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Samsung, Sanofi, UCB – speaker, Daniel Aletaha Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Novartis, Roche, Consultant of: AbbVie, Amgen, Celgene, Lilly, Medac, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi Genzyme, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Celgene, Lilly, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi Genzyme, UCB

scholarly journals Person-Centered Integrated Care for Chronic Kidney Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pim P. Valentijn ◽  
Fernando Abdalla Pereira ◽  
Marinella Ruospo ◽  
Suetonia C. Palmer ◽  
Jörgen Hegbrant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Integrated Care ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Background and objectivesThe effectiveness of person-centered integrated care strategies for CKD is uncertain. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials to assess the effect of person-centered integrated care for CKD.Design, setting, participants, & measurementsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (from inception to April of 2016), and selected randomized, controlled trials of person-centered integrated care interventions with a minimum follow-up of 3 months. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to assess the effect of person-centered integrated care.ResultsWe included 14 eligible studies covering 4693 participants with a mean follow-up of 12 months. In moderate quality evidence, person-centered integrated care probably had no effect on all-cause mortality (relative risk [RR], 0.86; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.68 to 1.08) or health-related quality of life (standardized mean difference, 0.02; 95% CI, −0.05 to 0.10). The effects on renal replacement therapy (RRT) (RR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.65 to 1.55), serum creatinine levels (mean difference, 0.59 mg/dl; 95% CI, −0.38 to 0.36), and eGFR (mean difference, 1.51 ml/min per 1.73 m2; 95% CI, −3.25 to 6.27) were very uncertain. Quantitative analysis suggested that person-centered integrated care interventions may reduce all-cause hospitalization (RR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.95) and improve BP control (RR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.44), although the certainty of the evidence was very low.ConclusionsPerson-centered integrated care may have little effect on mortality or quality of life. The effects on serum creatinine, eGFR, and RRT are uncertain, although person-centered integrated care may lead to fewer hospitalizations and improved BP control.

Teledentistry and mHealth for Promotion and Prevention of Oral Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 002203452110038
Author(s):  
C.E. Fernández ◽  
C.A. Maturana ◽  
S.I. Coloma ◽  
A. Carrasco-Labra ◽  
R.A. Giacaman
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Large Reduction ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Standardized Mean Difference

The dental profession has experienced a dramatic acceleration in the use of communication systems and information-based technologies over recent years, originating new paradigms for the prevention and promotion of oral health. The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the effect of teledentistry-based (telematic) strategies, reported in randomized controlled trials and quasi-randomized trials, with a focus on oral health prevention and promotion–related outcomes in patients of all ages. We searched Medline via PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science from inception until August 2020, regardless of the language of publication. We selected studies for inclusion and conducted data extraction, assessed risk of bias (Cochrane tool), and evaluated the certainty of the evidence (GRADE approach) in duplicate and independently. Out of 898 potentially eligible references, we selected 43 for full-text screening, of which 19 studies proved eligible: 18 randomized controlled trials and 1 quasi-randomized study. Virtual interventions were mostly asynchronous via apps ( n = 9), text messages ( n = 9), or computer-aided learning ( n = 1). The use of teledentistry as compared with conventional strategies may result in a large reduction in the plaque index (standardized mean difference, −1.18; 95% CI, −1.54 to −0.82; I2 = 92%; low certainty) and will likely result in a large reduction in the gingival index (standardized mean difference, −2.17; 95% CI, −3.15 to −1.19; I2 = 97%; moderate certainty) and in the incidence of white spot lesions (risk ratio, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.35 to 0.66; I2 = 0%; moderate certainty), with an increased effect over time. Evidence suggests that teledentistry, particularly mHealth (messages and apps), is a promising clinical tool for preventing and promoting oral health, especially under the accelerated virtualization of dentistry. Future studies should include a broader spectrum of the population, including adults and elders, to better inform policy and implementation of teledentistry (PROSPERO: CRD42020192685).

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