Histogram analysis of apparent diffusion coefficient maps for the differentiation between lymphoma and metastatic lymph nodes of squamous cell carcinoma in head and neck region

Background To clarify the nature of cervical malignant lymphadenopathy is highly important for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of head and neck tumors. Purpose To investigate the role of first-order apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) histogram analysis for differentiating lymphoma from metastatic lymph nodes of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the head and neck region. Material and Methods Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) data of 67 patients (lymphoma, n = 20; SCC, n = 47) with malignant lymphadenopathy were retrospectively analyzed. The SCC group was divided into nasopharyngeal SCC and non-nasopharyngeal SCC groups. The ADC histogram features (ADC10, ADC25, ADCmean, ADCmedian, ADC75, ADC90, skewness, and kurtosis) were derived and then compared by independent-samples t-test and one-way analysis of variance test, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were employed to investigate diagnostic performance of the significant parameters. Results Lymphoma showed significantly lower ADCmean, ADCmedian, ADC75, and ADC90 than SCC (all P < 0.05). Setting ADC90 = 0.719 × 10–3 mm2/s as the threshold value, optimal diagnostic performance was achieved (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.719, sensitivity = 95.7%, specificity = 50.0%). Subgroup analyses showed no significant difference between lymphoma and NPC (all P > 0.05). Lymphoma showed significantly lower ADC25, ADCmean, ADCmedian, ADC75, and ADC90 than non-nasopharyngeal SCC (all P < 0.05). Optimal diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.847, sensitivity = 86.7%, specificity = 80.0%) could be achieved when setting ADC90 = 0.943 × 10–3 mm2/s as the threshold value. Conclusion Given its limitations, our study has shown that first-order ADC histogram analysis is capable of differentiating lymphoma from metastatic lymph nodes of SCC, especially those of non-nasopharyngeal SCC.

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Apparent diffusion coefficient for discriminating metastatic lymph nodes in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology ◽

10.5152/dir.2015.14468 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 397-402 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Yeliz Pekcevik ◽

Ibrahim Cukurova ◽

Ilker Burak Arslan

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Metastatic Lymph Nodes ◽

Metastatic Lymph ◽

Apparent Diffusion

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MR imaging in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck with no palpable lymph nodes

Acta Radiologica ◽

10.1080/02841859709172415 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 38 (5) ◽

pp. 810-814 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

T. Yucel ◽

I. Saatci ◽

L. Sennaroglu ◽

S. Cekirge ◽

U. Aydingoz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Neck Region ◽

Head And Neck Region ◽

Metastatic Lymph

Purpose: To assess the efficacy of MR imaging in the detection of lymph node metastasis in patients with no palpable lymph nodes (“N0 neck”) who have squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region. Material and Methods: MR neck imagings in 18 patients who underwent neck dissection (bilaterally in 2) for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region were examined preoperatively for the purpose of detecting lymph node metastases. The imaging features taken into consideration were: size (cutoff point 10 mm), grouping, presence of central necrosis, and appearance of extracapsular spread. The MR examinations comprised spin-echo T1- and T2-weighted sequences. The MR findings were compared with those of surgery and histopathological examination. Results:) MR suggested metastatic lymph node involvement in 5 necks. In 2 of these, central necrosis was seen in the enlarged lymph nodes. In a third, a grouping of the lymph nodes was noted. Extracapsular spread was not present. Histopathological examination revealed metastatic lymph nodes in 7 of the 20 necks, the rate of clinically occult disease being 35%, and 4 of them had been accurately graded by MR. There was one false-positive MR examination. The MR sensitivity was 57.1% and specificity 92.3%. Conclusion: MR may reveal metastatic lymph nodes in patients with no clinical evidence of metastasis. However, conventional MR techniques are not always sufficient for decision-making on surgery in cases of “N0 neck”).

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Apparent diffusion coefficient cannot discriminate metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes in rectal cancer: a meta-analysis

International Journal of Colorectal Disease ◽

10.1007/s00384-021-03986-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alexey Surov ◽

Hans-Jonas Meyer ◽

Maciej Pech ◽

Maciej Powerski ◽

Jasan Omari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rectal Cancer ◽

Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Apparent Diffusion Coefficient ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Adc Value ◽

Metastatic Lymph Nodes ◽

Metastatic Lymph ◽

Apparent Diffusion ◽

Adc Values

Abstract Background Our aim was to provide data regarding use of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for distinguishing metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes (LN) in rectal cancer. Methods MEDLINE library, EMBASE, and SCOPUS database were screened for associations between DWI and metastatic and non-metastatic LN in rectal cancer up to February 2021. Overall, 9 studies were included into the analysis. Number, mean value, and standard deviation of DWI parameters including apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of metastatic and non-metastatic LN were extracted from the literature. The methodological quality of the studies was investigated according to the QUADAS-2 assessment. The meta-analysis was undertaken by using RevMan 5.3 software. DerSimonian, and Laird random-effects models with inverse-variance weights were used to account the heterogeneity between the studies. Mean DWI values including 95% confidence intervals were calculated for metastatic and non-metastatic LN. Results ADC values were reported for 1376 LN, 623 (45.3%) metastatic LN, and 754 (54.7%) non-metastatic LN. The calculated mean ADC value (× 10−3 mm2/s) of metastatic LN was 1.05, 95%CI (0.94, 1.15). The calculated mean ADC value of the non-metastatic LN was 1.17, 95%CI (1.01, 1.33). The calculated sensitivity and specificity were 0.81, 95%CI (0.74, 0.89) and 0.67, 95%CI (0.54, 0.79). Conclusion No reliable ADC threshold can be recommended for distinguishing of metastatic and non-metastatic LN in rectal cancer.

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Extranodal lymphoma of the head and neck: a pictorial essay

Radiologia Brasileira ◽

10.1590/0100-3984.2017.0232 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 52 (4) ◽

pp. 268-271

Author(s):

Pinar Gulmez Cakmak ◽

Gülsüm Akgün Çağlayan ◽

Furkan Ufuk

Keyword(s):

Lymph Nodes ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Neck Region ◽

Extranodal Lymphoma ◽

Imaging Findings ◽

Head And Neck Region ◽

Radiological Features ◽

Extranodal Site ◽

Pictorial Essay

Abstract Primary extranodal lymphoma is defined as a lymphoma at a solitary extranodal site, with or without involvement of the lymph nodes. The clinical and radiological features of extranodal lymphoma have been documented in recent studies. In this pictorial essay, we reviewed imaging findings of extranodal lymphoma in the head and neck region.

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Manifestations of Tuberculosis in Ear, Nose, Throat, Head and Neck Region – A Retrospective Study

Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery ◽

10.47210/bjohns.2020.v28i2.332 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 144-150

Author(s):

Vandana P Thorawade ◽

S A Jaiswal ◽

Seema Ramlakhan Gupta

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Early Diagnosis ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Salivary Glands ◽

Neck Region ◽

Pulmonary Medicine ◽

Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽

Head And Neck Region ◽

Variable Nature

Introduction Tuberculosis can involve any organ or site. Otorhinolaryngologist may encounter tuberculosis affecting lymph nodes, ear, larynx, deep neck spaces, salivary glands etc. which can mimic other chronic granulomatous conditions or malignancy. To ensure early diagnosis, it is important to recognize its cardinal signs and symptoms and to be aware of potential pitfalls in diagnosis. This study was done to learn the clinical presentation of tuberculosis in ear, nose, throat and head and neck region, and to assess the effectiveness of various investigations and treatment done for the same. Materials and Methods A retrospective study done in our institution involving 120 patients suffering from tuberculosis in ear, nose, throat and head and neck region who attended pulmonary medicine or ENT OPD or ward between January 2008 to December 2017 that is, 10 years. Study period for data collection and analysis was 1 month. Results Total 120 patients-69 males and 51 females. Most common site was cervical lymph nodes(77.5% patients), followed by larynx(8.3%),middle ear(7.5%),deep neck spaces(2.5%) and salivary glands and nose(1.7% each). Histopathology was highly sensitive(99. 1%).All except one patient responded to first-line antitubercular drugs, the other patient was given treatment for MDR-TB to which he responded. Conclusion Tuberculosis can involve any site in the head and neck region, most common being cervical lymph nodes mainly presenting as neck swelling. Variable nature of manifestations of tuberculosis makes it essential to have high degree of suspicion for early diagnosis.

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Combination of an Integrin-Targeting NIR Tracer and an Ultrasensitive Spectroscopic Device for Intraoperative Detection of Head and Neck Tumor Margins and Metastatic Lymph Nodes

Tomography ◽

10.18383/j.tom.2016.00253 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 215-222 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Keyword(s):

Lymph Nodes ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Head And Neck Tumor ◽

Metastatic Lymph Nodes ◽

Tumor Margins ◽

Neck Tumor ◽

Intraoperative Detection ◽

Metastatic Lymph

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Predictive quantitative ultrasound radiomic markers associated with treatment response in head and neck cancer

Future Science OA ◽

10.2144/fsoa-2019-0048 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. FSO433 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

William T Tran ◽

Harini Suraweera ◽

Karina Quaioit ◽

Daniel Cardenas ◽

Kai X Leong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck Cancer ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Treatment Response ◽

Neck Cancer ◽

Quantitative Ultrasound ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Imaging Features ◽

Metastatic Lymph Nodes ◽

Metastatic Lymph

Aim: We aimed to identify quantitative ultrasound (QUS)-radiomic markers to predict radiotherapy response in metastatic lymph nodes of head and neck cancer. Materials & methods: Node-positive head and neck cancer patients underwent pretreatment QUS imaging of their metastatic lymph nodes. Imaging features were extracted using the QUS spectral form, and second-order texture parameters. Machine-learning classifiers were used for predictive modeling, which included a logistic regression, naive Bayes, and k-nearest neighbor classifiers. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the pretreatment QUS-radiomic parameters between radiological complete responders versus partial responders (p < 0.05). The univariable model that demonstrated the greatest classification accuracy included: spectral intercept (SI)-contrast (area under the curve = 0.741). Multivariable models were also computed and showed that the SI-contrast + SI-homogeneity demonstrated an area under the curve = 0.870. The three-feature model demonstrated that the spectral slope-correlation + SI-contrast + SI-homogeneity-predicted response with accuracy of 87.5%. Conclusion: Multivariable QUS-radiomic features of metastatic lymph nodes can predict treatment response a priori.

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