scholarly journals Postoperative expressive aphasia associated with intravenous midazolam administration: a 5-year retrospective case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 030006052094875
Author(s):  
Saecheol Oh ◽  
Jihyun Chung ◽  
Sujin Baek ◽  
Yoo Jung Park
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Telephone Interview ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Midazolam Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Orthopedic Patients ◽  
Control Study

Objectives This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of intravenous midazolam-induced postoperative expressive aphasia (EA). Methods The incidence rate, risk ratio, and contributing factors to intravenous midazolam-induced postoperative EA were analyzed retrospectively in 6756 orthopedic patients. A telephone interview was conducted with patients with EA after surgery. Results Patients were allocated to either the midazolam group (n = 6178) or no-midazolam group (n = 578). Twelve patients developed EA in the midazolam group, with an incidence of 0.19%, and no patient developed EA in the no-midazolam group. The mean age of EA patients was 70 years, and 92% were women. Among them, 75% received general anesthesia, and the mean dose of midazolam was 1.8 mg. EA was reversed in nine of 12 (75%) patients within 4 minutes of flumazenil administration, and >60 minutes were required to reverse EA in the other three patients (25%). Conclusion Intravenous midazolam administration for preoperative sedation caused transient EA in 0.19% of patients, especially elderly women who received general anesthesia, and EA could be reversed by flumazenil.

scholarly journals Modeling Clinical And Non-Clinical Determinants of Intrapartum Stillbirths In Singletons In Six Public Hospitals In The Greater Accra Region of Ghana: A Retrospective Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Vanotoo ◽  
Duah Dwomoh ◽  
Amos Laar ◽  
Agnes Kotoh ◽  
Richard Adanu
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Fetal Autopsy ◽  
Intrapartum Stillbirth ◽  
Greater Accra Region ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: The Greater Accra Region (GAR) of Ghana records 2000 stillbirths annually and 40 % of them occur intrapartum. An understanding of the contributing factors will facilitate the development of preventive strategies to reduce the huge numbers of intrapartum stillbirths. This study identified determinants of intrapartum stillbirths in GAR.Method: A retrospective 1:2 unmatched case-control study was conducted in six public hospitals in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. A multivariable ordinary logistic regression model with robust standard error was used to quantify the effect of exposures on intrapartum stillbirth. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve and the Brier scores were used to assess the predictive performance of the regression models. Results: The following maternal factors increased the odds of intrapartum stillbirths: pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) [adjusted Odds Ratio; aOR=3.72, 95% CI:1.71-8.10, p<0.001]; antepartum haemorrhage (APH) [aOR=3.28, 95% CI: 1.33-8.10, p<0.05] and premature rupture of membranes (PROM) [aOR=3.36, 95% CI: 1.20-9.40, p<0.05]. Conclusions: Improved management of PIH, APH, PROM, and preterm delivery will reduce intrapartum stillbirth. Hospitals should improve on the quality of monitoring women during labor. Auditing of intrapartum stillbirths should be mandatory for all hospitals and Ghana Health Service (GHS) should include fetal autopsy in stillbirth auditing to identify other causes of fetal deaths. Interventions to reduce intrapartum stillbirth must combine maternal, fetal, and service delivery factors to make them effective.

scholarly journals Incidence of basilar invagination in patients with tonsillar herniation ? a case control craniometrical study

2014 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 706-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei F Joaquim ◽  
Yvens Barbosa Fernandes ◽  
Roger N Mathias ◽  
Ulysses C Batista ◽  
Enrico Ghizoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Odontoid Process ◽  
Basilar Invagination ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Tonsillar Herniation ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Surgical Group

A retrospective case-control study based on craniometrical evaluation was performed to evaluate the incidence of basilar invagination (BI). Patients with symptomatic tonsillar herniation treated surgically had craniometrical parameters evaluated based on CT scan reconstructions before surgery. BI was diagnosed when the tip of the odontoid trespassed the Chamberlain’s line in three different thresholds found in the literature: 2, 5 or 6.6 mm. In the surgical group (SU), the mean distance of the tip of the odontoid process above the Chamberlain’s line was 12 mm versus 1.2 mm in the control (CO) group (p<0.0001). The number of patients with BI according to the threshold used (2, 5 or 6.6 mm) in the SU group was respectively 19 (95%), 16 (80%) and 15 (75%) and in the CO group it was 15 (37%), 4 (10%) and 2 (5%).

scholarly journals Comparison of Polysomnographic Features in Geriatric and Adult Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aydın Balcı ◽  
Sule Cilekar
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Common Diagnosis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Computerized System ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objectives: In our study, it was aimed to compare polysomnography features in geriatric and adult patients.Materials and Methods: Our study was conducted as a retrospective case-control study. Sleep Patients who were hospitalized in the polysomnography laboratory with a pre-diagnosis of the disorder were divided into 2 groups according to their age as younger than 65 years old and over. Alice 6 computerized system (Respironics; Philips, Illinois, USA) polysomnography was applied to detect sleep disorders.Results: A total of 500 people, including 180 (36%) women, 320 (64%) men, were included in our study. The mean age was 52.36 ± 13.69. Posittive Airvey Pressure (Pap) treatment rates were significantly higher in the geriatric age group compared to adults. Sleep efficiency, mean sleep time, and total sleep time were higher in adults compared to geriatric patients. In the geriatric patient group, the most common diagnosis as a result of PSG was the diagnosis of Severe OSAS with 84 (%) people. When the lower extremity mobility measurements during sleep were evaluated, the values ​​were found to be significantly higher in geriatric patients with severe OSAS. Stage 3 and Rem stage were significantly higher in adults in terms of NREM3 (%) and REM (%) measurements.Conclusion: Sleep times are reduced in geriatric patients, restless leg movements during sleep are more common than adult patients, and sleep-disordered breathing is generally more severe in geriatric patients.

Risk factors for fatal drowning in a Greek region: a retrospective case–control study

2020 ◽  
pp. injuryprev-2020-043788
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Phaedon Kevrekidis ◽  
Evdokia Brousa ◽  
Orthodoxia Mastrogianni ◽  
Amvrosios Orfanidis ◽  
Helen G Gika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Coronary Bypass Grafts ◽  
Foreign Nationality ◽  
Control Study

BackgroundFatal drowning is one of the leading causes of unintentional injury mortality worldwide and a persistent public health concern in Greece. While several pathologic and sociodemographic contributing factors have been previously identified, these have not been extensively investigated in conjunction with the effects of psychoactive substances.MethodsA retrospective case–control study of drowning deaths was conducted in the Greek regions of Northern Greece and Thessaly during a 10-year period. A regression model was constructed examining differences in detected substances, autopsy findings and sociodemographic characteristics between 240 victims of unintentional fatal submersion and 480 victims of other causes of sudden or violent death.ResultsThe majority of victims were males (69.4%) and foreign nationality was associated with increased odds of drowning. Cardiomegaly and coronary bypass grafts were significantly more likely to have been recorded among drowning victims, while the frequency of other circulatory system disorders was also elevated. Several of these findings were potential arrhythmogenic substrates which could adversely interact with the diving reflex. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) were the most commonly detected pharmacological group (9.0%), and along with tramadol, there was an increased likelihood of exposure to them. These drugs have been previously associated with QT prolongation and other adverse effects which may contribute to fatal outcomes in a seawater environment. In contrast, there was a decreased risk of exposure to dependence-inducing drugs and paracetamol.ConclusionsMale sex, older age, foreign nationality and cardiovascular disease predisposed individuals to an elevated risk of fatal submersion. SSRI antidepressants and tramadol may contribute to this outcome.

Synchronous microsurgical anastomosis in complex replantation surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 1044-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szu-Han Wang ◽  
Chung-Chen Hsu ◽  
Chieh-Han John Tzou ◽  
Ching-Hsuan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Case Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Microsurgical Technique ◽  
Total Operation Time ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

We conducted a retrospective case control study of digital replantations in 16 patients from September 2015 to January 2017. Half of the patients were treated by a synchronous microsurgical technique and the other half underwent conventional micro-anastomoses. The total time for anastomoses, total operation time and survival of digits were the major endpoints in this study. The number of digits replanted and the anastomosis method had significant effects on total anastomosis time. The mean anastomosis time for each digit was 46 min and 70 min in the synchronous and conventional groups, respectively, a 34% reduction in anastomosis time in the synchronous group when compared with the conventional group. Patency rates were 87% (13/15) of all the digits replanted in each group. Level of evidence: IV

Rorschach Characteristics in Adolescents with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Santoantonio ◽  
L. Yazigi ◽  
E. I. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Control Study

The purpose of this study was to investigate the personality characteristics in adolescents with SLE. The research design is a case-control study by means of the Rorschach Method and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale. Study group: 30 female adolescents with lupus, 12–17 years of age. The SLE Disease Activity Index was administered during the period of psychological evaluation. Control group: 32 nonpatient adolescents were matched for age, sex, and socioeconomic level. In the Wechsler Intelligence Scale the mean IQ of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (77 and 98, respectively, p < .001). In the Rorschach, the lupus patients showed greater difficulty in interpersonal interactions, although they displayed the resources to process affect and to cope with stressful situations. A positive moderate correlation (p = .069) between the activity index of the disease and the affect constriction proportion of the Rorschach was observed: the higher the SLEDAI score, the lower the capacity to process affect. There is a negative correlation between the activity index of the disease and the IQ (p = .001): with a higher activity index of the disease, less intellectual resources are available.

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