The Effect of Somatostatin on the Hormonal Abnormalities of End Stage Renal Disease

1981 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Thomas G Murray ◽  
Carol Eisen ◽  
Morris Grabie ◽  
Ellen Buerklin ◽  
Barry R Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Patients with end stage renal disease who are maintained on haemodialysis have elevated levels of many hormones, some of which may play a role in the pathogenesis of the complications of uraemia. The infusion of synthetic somatostatin reduces the circulating level of many of these same hormones in patients with normal renal function. If the elevated hormone levels in dialysis patients could be similarly lowered, study of the pathogenitic significance of the various hormonal abnormalities would be facilitated. With this in mind, the effect of synthetic somatostatin on the circulating level of growth hormone, glucagon, insulin, gastrin, parathyroid hormone, and thyroid stimulating hormone in dialysis patients was investigated. In pilot protocol, a dose of 2 mg of somatostatin infused over 24, 18, or 12 hours (two patients each) was found to have no effect on any hormonal level. Infusion of 2 mg of somatostatin over 4 hours, however, was associated with consistent fall in the level of growth hormone (13.6 ± 6.2 to 6.53 ± 2.9, p = 0.15) and glucagon (595.0 ± 73 to 441 ± 28, p < 0.05) in each of four patients. The percentage change in the level of growth hormone and glucagon during the 4-hour somatostatin infusion was significantly different from the change occurring during a 4-hour timed control period (growth hormone —45 ± 18% vs +9 ± 7%, [p < 0.05]), (glucagon −27% ± 2% vs + 8 ± 2%, [p < 0.01]). There was no change in the level of any other hormone during the 4-hour infusion. No significant adverse effects were seen. This study suggests that the intravenous infusion of somatostatin can, at least on an acute basis, lower the level of growth hormone and glucagon in patients with end stage renal failure; and, therefore, it may be useful in further study and possibly the treatment of the hormonal abnormalities of end stage renal disease.

scholarly journals Family history of end-stage renal disease among incident dialysis patients.

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1942-1945 ◽  
Author(s):  
B I Freedman ◽  
J M Soucie ◽  
W M McClellan
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
African American ◽  
Family History ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Second Degree

As part of a larger study of genetic risk factors for the occurrence of renal failure, the prevalence of a family history of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in first- and second-degree relatives of all incident dialysis patients treated in Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina (ESRD Network 6) in 1994 was ascertained. Family histories were obtained from 4365 dialysis patients (83% of those eligible), and 856 (20%) reported having a family history of ESRD. Among race-sex groups, 14.1% of Caucasian men, 14.6% of Caucasian women, 22.9% of African-American men, and 23.9% of African-American women reported a first- or second-degree relative with ESRD (P = 0.001). The prevalence of relatives with ESRD varied by the reported etiology: 22.2% in diabetes mellitus; 18.9% in hypertension, 22.7% in glomerulonephritis; and 13.0% of other etiologies (P = 0.001). Patient characteristics independently associated with family history of ESRD included race, younger age, higher levels of education, and etiology of ESRD. In this report, it is concluded that a large proportion of incident ESRD cases have close relatives with ESRD in whom preventive actions might be directed. Genetic analyses in multiply affected families may identify the inherited factors contributing to progressive renal failure.

scholarly journals HARAPAN PADA PENYAKIT GINJAL KRONIS TAHAP AKHIR (PGKTA) : SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Nining Puji Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Full Text ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
Herth Hope Index ◽  
Trait Hope ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Latar belakang:. Harapan merupakan faktor prediktor independen yang berhubungan langsung dengan kualitas hidup PGKTA. Harapan memiliki peran penting untuk meningkatkan motivasi, koping, kemauan menjalani pengobatan dan outcome positif PGKTA.Tujuan: Tujuan dari sistematic review ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi konsep harapan berdasarkan definisi dan instrumen yang dapat digunakan untuk mengukur harapan PGKTA, mengidentifikasi faktor yang mempengaruhi harapan PGKTA.Metode: Metode pencarian melalui PUBMED dan Google Schoolar dengan kata kunci “hope, End Stage Renal Disease, End Stage Renal Failure, Hemodialysis”. Hanya jurnal dalam Bahasa Inggris, full text, dipublikasikan tahun 2000-2019 dan menggunakan harapan sebagai tema utama dalam pembahasan yang digunakan dalam pembuatan sistematik review ini.Hasil : Harapan di definisikan sebagai kekuatan dalam diri individu yang membantu pasien keluar dari zona sakitnya dan meningkatkan derajat kesehatannya. Alat ukur yang dapat dipakai antara lain Herth Hope Index, The Trait Hope Scale, Adult Hope Scale, Miller Hope Scale, Basic Hope Inventory.Kesimpulan: Perlu kajian lebih dalam mengenai faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi harapan untuk membantu penentuan asuhan keperawatan yang tepat terkait harapan.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Impact of Endodontic Therapy on Survival among Dialysis Patients in Taiwan: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 326
Author(s):  
Chih-Chien Chiu ◽  
Ya-Chieh Chang ◽  
Ren-Yeong Huang ◽  
Jenq-Shyong Chan ◽  
Chi-Hsiang Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Root Canal Therapy ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Objectives Dental problems occur widely in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and may increase comorbidities. Root canal therapy (RCT) is a common procedure for advanced decayed caries with pulp inflammation and root canals. However, end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients are considered to have a higher risk of potentially life-threatening infections after treatment and might fail to receive satisfactory dental care such as RCT. We investigated whether appropriate intervention for dental problems had a potential impact among dialysis patients. Design Men and women who began maintenance dialysis (hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis) between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2015, in Taiwan (total 12,454 patients) were enrolled in this study. Participants were followed up from the first reported dialysis date to the date of death or end of dialysis by December 31, 2015. Setting Data collection was conducted in Taiwan. Results A total of 2633 and 9821 patients were classified into the RCT and non-RCT groups, respectively. From the data of Taiwan’s National Health Insurance, a total of 5,092,734 teeth received RCT from 2000 to 2015. Then, a total of 12,454 patients were followed within the 16 years, and 4030 patients passed away. The results showed that members of the non-RCT group (34.93%) had a higher mortality rate than those of the RCT group (22.79%; p = 0.001). The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratio for the risk of death was 0.69 (RCT vs. non-RCT; p = 0.001). Conclusions This study suggested that patients who had received RCT had a relatively lower risk of death among dialysis patients. Infectious diseases had a significant role in mortality among dialysis patients with non-RCT. Appropriate interventions for dental problems may increase survival among dialysis patients. Abbreviations: CKD = chronic kidney disease, ESRD = end-stage renal disease, RCT = root canal therapy.

Progressive Resistance Training in End-Stage Renal Disease: Systematic Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danwin Chan ◽  
Birinder S. Cheema
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Progressive Resistance Training ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Progressive Resistance

Background: This systematic review provides an overview of the extant literature on progressive resistance training (PRT) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and outlines recommendations for future trials. Methods: A systematic review of all published literature evaluating the chronic (>6 weeks) application of PRT in patients with ESRD using electronic databases. Results: The search yielded 16 clinical trials, including 11 randomized controlled trials (RCT), 4 uncontrolled trials and one trial involving a within-subjects control period plus RCT. RCT quality, assessed via the CONSORT statement, ranged from low (4/10) to high (10/10) with a mean score of 7.3/10; 7/11 RCT had a quality score ≥7.5. All trials evaluated chronic adaptation to PRT across a range of important outcomes. PRT can induce muscle hypertrophy and improve aspects of physical functioning and health-related quality of life in ESRD. There is preliminary evidence that PRT may reduce protein-energy malnutrition and cardiovascular disease risk factors, including C-reactive protein, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and measures of insulin resistance in patients with or at-risk of comorbid type 2 diabetes. The evidence base for PRT adapting some of the endpoints investigated to date remains inconsistent (e.g. physical performance tests, obesity outcomes), and many other pertinent clinical outcomes remain to be investigated. Conclusion: RCT are required to investigate a range of novel research questions related to the benefits and application of PRT in this cohort and its patient subgroups (e.g. diabetes, depression, dyslipidemia, etc.). Future studies must be of high methodological quality to inform clinical practice guidelines.

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