scholarly journals Hereditary Suprabasilar Acantholytic Mechanobullous Dermatosis in Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Riet-Correa ◽  
S. S. Barros ◽  
M. C. Dame ◽  
P. V. Peixoto
Keyword(s):  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Recessive Trait ◽  
Intercellular Spaces ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Stratum Spinosum ◽  
Histologic Evaluation

A skin disease characterized by trauma-induced sloughing of haired skin, hooves, and horns is described in four calves from a herd of Murrah buffaloes ( Bubalus bubalis) in Brazil. Affected calves were detected shortly after birth by the presence of lesions affecting the distal extremities, the scapular and gluteal regions, and the tip of the tail. On histologic evaluation of affected skin, the lesions were characterized by suprabasilar vesicles and acantholysis affecting the epidermis and outer root sheath of the hair follicle infundibulum. The basal cell layer was intact and appeared as a single layer of cuboidal cells attached to the dermis. Ultrastructurally, the region between the stratum basale and the lower stratum spinosum had widened intercellular spaces with loss of desmosomal attachments, which led to the suprabasilar separation. The disease appears to be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.

The Innermost Cell Layer of the Outer Root Sheath Is Positive with Ki-67

1990 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunji Miyauchi ◽  
Ken Hashimoto ◽  
Yoshiharu Miki
Keyword(s):  
Cell Layer ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Root Sheath

scholarly journals Cell Differentiation in the Lower Outer Sheath of the Romney Wool Follicle: A Companion Cell Layer

1971 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 989 ◽  
Author(s):  
DFG Orwin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Layer ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Companion Cell ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Outer Sheath ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Inner Root Sheath ◽  
Wool Follicle ◽  
Outer Root Sheath Cells

Morphological evidence is presented showing that, in the Romney wool follicle, the layer of cells in the outer root sheath lying next to Henle's layer differentiates in the bulb as a separate and distinct layer from other outer root sheath cells. The term "companion cell layer" is suggested for this layer. Its possible role in the movement of the inner root sheath toward the skin surface is discussed.

scholarly journals Langerhans Cells in Feline Foetal Epidermis - Immunohistochemical Study of Spatial Distribution

2008 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-312
Author(s):  
A. Gorošová ◽  
E. Matalová ◽  
I. Kociánová ◽  
F. Tichý
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Langerhans Cells ◽  
Immunohistochemical Study ◽  
Lymphatic Tissue ◽  
Sebaceous Glands ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Targeted Treatments ◽  
Stratum Spinosum

Langerhans cells belong to the skin-associated lymphatic tissue (SALT). They are antigenpresenting cells derived from monocyte precursors in the bone marrow. The distribution of Langerhans cells was investigated in feline foetuses on day 40 of ontogenesis, in 9 selected body regions: regio intermandibularis, regio axilaris, regio prepubica, regio inguinalis, regio parietalis, regio interdigitalis, regio thoracis, regio sacralis and regio caudalis. Mouse monoclonal antibody against CD1 receptor (epitope CD1a) was applied to localize Langerhans cells in the skin samples. The highest number of Langerhans cells was found in biopsy of the dorsal part of the feline foetuses. Langerhans cells were present particularly among keratinocytes of stratum germinativum (stratum basale and stratum spinosum), scattered or clustered among epidermal cells closing the hair canal in the region close to the hair follicle. Langerhans cells were further located among cells of outer root sheath in the region of hair follicle infundibulum close to ostium of sebaceous glands ductus, some were found also in the upper part of the hair follicle isthmus. Langerhans cells seem to participate in skin disorders related to hypersensitivity and even tumour transformations. Distribution of these cells may play a role in disease predispositions; knowledge of the physiology and pathophysiology of Langerhans cells opens possible targeted treatments in veterinary medicine.

Angora Mouse Mutation: Altered Hair Cycle, Follicular Dystrophy, Phenotypic Maintenance of Skin Grafts, and Changes in Keratin Expression

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Sundberg ◽  
M. H. Rourk ◽  
D. Boggess ◽  
M. E. Hogan ◽  
B. A. Sundberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Hair Cycle ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Humoral Factors ◽  
Mouse Mutation ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Anagen Phase ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Hair Shafts

Angora is an autosomal recessive mouse mutation caused by a deletion of ∼2 kilobases in the fibroblast growth factor 5 ( Fgf5) gene. Phenotypically, homozygous angora ( Fgf5go/ Fgf5go) mice have excessively long truncal hair and can be differentiated from heterozygous (+/ Fgf5go) and wild-type (+/+) littermates by 21 days of age. Abnormal hair length is due to a prolongation of the anagen phase of the hair cycle of approximately 3 days. In addition, widely scattered hair follicles produce structurally defective hair shafts that twist within the follicle, presumably causing secondary hyperplasia of the outer root sheath and epidermis adjacent to the follicle. These follicular abnormalities were accentuated by immunohistochemical detection of mouse specific keratin 6, a nonspecific marker of epidermal hyperplasia. These abnormalities could be identified from birth throughout life in angora mice genotyped by polymerase chain reaction techniques. Moreover, the long truncal hair phenotype was maintained in skin grafted onto C.B-17/Sz- scid/scid mice that had normal pelage hairs and hair cycles, suggesting that circulating or diffusible humoral factors regulating the mouse hair cycle are not involved in this mutation. The angora mutation provides another useful mouse model for studying the hair cycle and its modulation.

Differentiation Processes of the Ocellar Retina of the Honeybee (Apis Mellifera L.)

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-431
Author(s):  
Maria Anna Pabst
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Photoreceptor Cells ◽  
Distal Segment ◽  
Compound Eyes ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Adult Worker

In addition to the compound eyes, honeybees have three dorsal ocelli on the vertex of the head. Each ocellus has about 800 elongated photoreceptor cells. They are paired and the distal segment of each pair bears densely packed microvilli forming together a platelike fused rhabdom. Beneath a common cuticular lens a single layer of corneagenous cells is present.Ultrastructural studies were made of the retina of praepupae, different pupal stages and adult worker bees by thin sections and freeze-etch preparations. In praepupae the ocellar anlage consists of a conical group of epidermal cells that differentiate to photoreceptor cells, glial cells and corneagenous cells. Some photoreceptor cells are already paired and show disarrayed microvilli with circularly ordered filaments inside. In ocelli of 2-day-old pupae, when a retinogenous and a lentinogenous cell layer can be clearly distinguished, cell membranes of the distal part of two photoreceptor cells begin to interdigitate with each other and so start to form the definitive microvilli. At the beginning the microvilli often occupy the whole width of the developing rhabdom (Fig. 1).

Dwarfism in Tibetan Terrier dogs with an LHX3 mutation

2021 ◽  
pp. 104063872110075
Author(s):  
Tuddow Thaiwong ◽  
Sarah Corner ◽  
Stacey La Forge ◽  
Matti Kiupel
Keyword(s):  
Hair Loss ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Early Death ◽  
Deletion Mutation ◽  
Recessive Trait ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Trait ◽  
German Shepherd ◽  
Hair Coat ◽  
Pituitary Dwarfism ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Manner

Canine pituitary dwarfism in German Shepherd and related dog breeds has been reported to be associated with a 7-bp deletion mutation in intron 5 of the LHX3 gene. This mutation is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait that results in dwarf dogs with significantly smaller stature and abnormal haircoat, and potentially early death. Phenotypically, affected adult dogs are proportionally dwarfs. These dwarfs also have a soft, woolly puppy coat that fails to transition into the typical adult hair coat, and marked hair loss occurs in some dogs. We report a similar manifestation of dwarfism in Tibetan Terriers with the same LHX3 mutation. Dwarf Tibetan Terrier puppies were born physically normal but failed to gain weight or to grow at the same rate as their normal littermates. The 7-bp deletion mutation of the LHX3 gene was identified in both alleles of 3 Tibetan Terrier dwarfs from 3 litters, which were biologically related. All parents of these dogs are carriers, confirming transmission of dwarfism in an autosomal recessive manner. Recognition and detection of this mutation will help in guiding future breeding plans to eventually eliminate this trait from Tibetan Terriers.

A Selectable Biomarker in Hair Follicle Cycles – Cathepsins: A Preliminary Study in Murine

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jingzhu Bai ◽  
Zijian Gong ◽  
Qingfang Xu ◽  
Haiyan Chen ◽  
Qiaoping Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Hair Cycle ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Intervention Measures ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Inner Root Sheath ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Paraffin Method

<b><i>Background/Objective:</i></b> Hair cycle is regulated by many biological factors. Cathepsins are involved in various physiological processes in human skin. Here, we investigated the cathepsin expression and distribution changes in follicular growth cycles for better understanding the hair cycles and to explore new intervention measures. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The 24 mice (C57BL/6, female, 7-week old) were selected and removed the back hair via rosin/paraffin method. At Day 8, Day 20, and Day 25, biopsy on post-plucking area was done. Immunohistochemical staining, Western blot, and Q-PCR were used to test the cathepsin B/D/L/E. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In anagen, cathepsins (B, D, L, and E) were distributed in the hair follicle matrix, inner hair root sheath, and hair. In catagen, cathepsins were mainly observed in un-apoptosis inner root sheath and outer root sheath. Expression of cathepsins B-mRNA and L-mRNA was decreased from anagen and catagen to telogen. Cathepsin D-mRNA was increased in catagen and then decreased in telogen. Cathepsin E-mRNA was decreased in catagen and slightly increased in telogen. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The distribution and expression of cathepsins B, D, L, and E in hair follicle changed with hair growth process which indicated that cathepsins might act as selectable biomarkers of hair cycle in different stages.

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