Morphological and anatomical study of four Pyrrosia (Polypodiaeae) species from Rumbai forest, Riau Province, Indonesia

Sofiyanti N, Sari AK, Iriani D, Mutrofin R, Taufiq I, Juliantari E, Pranata S. 2021. Morphological and anatomical study of four Pyrrosia (Polypodiaeae) species from Rumbai forest, Riau Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4905-4914. Pyrrosia is one of genera in Polypodiaceae that is commonly distributed at Riau Forest, Indonesia. However, the detailed morphological characteristics and anatomical study of Pyrrosia in this region is scanty. This study was aimed to characterize the morphology and anatomy of four Pyrrosia species (P. angustata, P. lanceolata, P. nipoboloides and P. piloselloides) from Rumbai Forest, Riau Province. All of the specimens were collected in the field. Morphological characters were examined in detail. Anatomical preparation was conducted using the paraffin method. The specimens were then observed and photographed using a light microscope. Principal Component Analysis had been carried out using a total of 52 morphological and anatomical characters. The result showed the morphological variation among the species, especially on the shape of sterile lamina and sori characteristics. Anatomically, the examined species showed variations in outline shape in the transverse section of rhizomes and stipes, schelerenchymatous sheath and strand, as well as number of meristele. The PCA results showed that only three characters (shape of sterile laminae, base of sterile laminae, and upper surface color of sterile laminae) have eigenvalue over 1.00 and together these explain 100% of the total variability of the data. The anatomical data in this study is reported for the first time on Pyrrosia from Riau province.

GAMBARAN STRUKTUR ANATOMIS DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAUN SERTA BATANG Hydroleaspinosa

This studyaimed toobserve anatomicalstructure and antioxidant activitiesofleavesand stemsHydroleaspinosa. Anatomical tissues section of leaves and stems wereprepared using paraffin method and analysis of antioxidant activities was done by DPPHmethod (1, 1–difenil–2–pikrilhidrazil). The results showed that the anatomical structureofHydroleaspinosaleavescross sectionconsistsofupperepidermis cells(adaksial)andlowerepidermis cells(abaksial), trichomes, mesophyll that was differentiatedintoabovepalisadeparenchymaandbelow spongyparenchyma, vasculartissues, the strengthenertissuesanddruscrystals. While on thecross sectionofthe stems wereepidermis, cortex,vessels, and pith.There wasairspace between medium stemsand old stems. The resultsofanalytical measurements ofantioxidantactivities onethanolextractofHydroleaspinosaleaves with IC50value 52.735ppm are higher than thestemswithIC50value 68.911ppmbutstill lowerthan the controlof vitaminCandBHT.

A Selectable Biomarker in Hair Follicle Cycles – Cathepsins: A Preliminary Study in Murine

<b><i>Background/Objective:</i></b> Hair cycle is regulated by many biological factors. Cathepsins are involved in various physiological processes in human skin. Here, we investigated the cathepsin expression and distribution changes in follicular growth cycles for better understanding the hair cycles and to explore new intervention measures. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The 24 mice (C57BL/6, female, 7-week old) were selected and removed the back hair via rosin/paraffin method. At Day 8, Day 20, and Day 25, biopsy on post-plucking area was done. Immunohistochemical staining, Western blot, and Q-PCR were used to test the cathepsin B/D/L/E. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In anagen, cathepsins (B, D, L, and E) were distributed in the hair follicle matrix, inner hair root sheath, and hair. In catagen, cathepsins were mainly observed in un-apoptosis inner root sheath and outer root sheath. Expression of cathepsins B-mRNA and L-mRNA was decreased from anagen and catagen to telogen. Cathepsin D-mRNA was increased in catagen and then decreased in telogen. Cathepsin E-mRNA was decreased in catagen and slightly increased in telogen. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The distribution and expression of cathepsins B, D, L, and E in hair follicle changed with hair growth process which indicated that cathepsins might act as selectable biomarkers of hair cycle in different stages.

The anatomical structures of the genus Iberis L. (Brassicaceae) in Turkey

The present study was designed to analyse the anatomy of the vegetative and reproductive parts of Turkish Iberis species from a systematic point of view. Samples of leaves, stems, roots, fruits, and seeds of each species were collected, fixed, and processed according to the paraffin method for light microscopy. The numerical analysis derived from 11 anatomical characteristics showed that the number and dimensions of vessels in the root, presence of aerenchyma in the leaf, number and dimensions of palisade parenchyma, and mesophyll type were useful for grouping the Iberis taxa. The testa was composed of four layers: the epidermis, subepidermis, compact tissue, and parenchyma. The testa thickness was a significant character to distinguish the investigated Iberis species. In this study, the traditional classification of Turkish Iberis species was mostly congruent with the dendrogram generated vegetative anatomical properties. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 27(2): 213-224, 2020 (December)

Variasi Karakter Anatomis Talus Padina australis Hauck 1887 (Dictyotales, Phaeophycota) di Pantai Karang Tengah Kabupaten Cilacap

ABSTRAK: Karakter anatomi dapat digunakan untuk menentukan produktivitas kandungan alginat rumput laut P. australis Hauck. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui variasi karakter anatomis talus Padina australis Hauck. Pengambilan sampel dengan purposive random sampling di pantai Karang Tengah, Kabupaten Cilacap. Persiapan mikroskopis dengan metode parafin dengan safranin 1% dalam alkohol 70%. Parameter yang diamati meliputi ketebalan epidermis, ukuran sel medula, ketebalan talus, dan ukuran tetra sporangia. Pengamatan struktur anatomi secara deskriptif dengan membandingkan karakter anatomi P. australis Hauck pada garis konsentris. Data karakter anatomi dianalisis dengan Uji-t dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi karakter anatomi talus dengan garis konsentris 5 memiliki ketebalan epidermis adaxial dan abaxial masing-masing adalah 20,05 μm dan 12,55 μm, sedangkan pada garis konsentris 7 memiliki ketebalan 28,33 μm dan 18 μm. Ketebalan talus dengan garis konsentris 5 dan 7 masing-masing adalah 99,44 μm, 114,77 μm. Diameter meduler dengan garis konsentris 5 dan 7 masing-masing adalah 37,88 μm, 45,5 μm. Diameter rata-rata tetra sporangia masing-masing dengan garis konsentris 5 dan 7 yaitu 25,66 μm, 35,66 μm. Talus P. australis Hauck berdasarkan garis konsentris 5 dan 7 memiliki perbedaan ukuran pada ketebalan epidermis adaxial, ketebalan epidermis abaxial, ketebalan talus, diameter meduler, dan diameter tetra sporangia. Implikasi penelitian ini sebagai database pada data dasar karakter anatomi P. australis yang dikaitkan denggan produktsi alginat dan data dasar taksonomi. ABSTRACT: Anatomical character data can be used to determine the productivity of P. australis Hauck's seaweed alginate content. Each thallus has a thallus size and the number of varied concentric lines. The aim of the research is to determine the anatomical characteristics of the Padina australis Hauck thallus. Seaweed sampling by purposive random sampling technique in Karang Tengah beach, Cilacap regency. Preparation of microscopic by paraffin method with safranin 1% in 70% alcohol. Parameters observed included thickness of the epidermis, size of a medullary cell, the thickness of thallus, and the size of tetra sporangia. The anatomical character data was analyzed by t-Test with a 95% confidence level. The result of the research showed that the anatomical character of the thallus with concentric line 5 had a thickness of adaxial and abaxial epidermis respectively is 20.05 μm and 12.55 μm, whereas in concentric line 7 had a thickness of 28.33 μm and 18 μm. The thickness of the thallus with concentric lines 5 and 7 respectively is 99.44 μm, 114.77 μm. Medullary diameter with concentric lines 5 and 7 respectively is 37,88 μm, 45,5 μm. The average diameter of tetra sporangia with concentric lines 5 and 7 respectively that is 25,66 μm, 35,66 μm. Thallus of P. australis Hauck based on concentric lines 5 and 7 has differences of sizes on the adaxial epidermal thickness, thickness of the abaxial epidermis, the thickness of the thallus, medullary diameter, and diameter of tetra sporangia. The implications anatomical characters associated with alginate productivity and taxonomic baseline data.

Histological Structure of Varanus Salvator Intestine

Varanus salvator is a common species in Indonesia. This animal is known as the water lizard, who is a member of the family Varanidae or known as the monitor lizard. This research aims to find out histological structure of Varanus salvator intestine. Histological observation was carried out by making histological preparations using the paraffin method. The results of this study were analyzed in a comparative descriptive manner through observation in a microscope and transverse photo histology preparations using a camera. The results of this study indicate that the intestinal histological structure of Varanus salvator consists of Serosa (Sr), Muscle layer (Ml), Muscularis externa (Me), Submucosa (Sm), Mucosa (M), Blood Vessel (Bv) dan Lamina Propria (Lp).

Histological Structure of the Varanus Salvator Kidney

Varanus salvator is known as the monitor lizard. This animal is a subspecies of endemic Indonesian monitor lizards which is only found in Java, Bali and Nusa Tenggara (except Timor Island). This study aims to determine the histological structure of the monitor lizard (Varanus salvator). The research was carried out for two months starting from September 2019 to October 2019 at the Animal Physics Laboratory and Zoology of UIN Sunan Kalijaga. The method used is the paraffin method. The results of the study were analyzed in a comparative descriptive manner by observation through a microscope and then taken using a camera. Based on the results of studies lizards (Varanus salvator) have distal convoluted tubule, proximal convoluted tubule, glomerulus, medullary ray and bowman’s capsule.

Comparative leaf and wood anatomical characteristics of Chrysophyllum (Sapotaceae) relate to taxonomy of the species in Thailand

Prasawang S, Srinual A. 2020. Comparative leaf and wood anatomical characteristics of Chrysophyllum (Sapotaceae) relate to taxonomy of the species in Thailand. Biodiversitas 21: 1578-1587. Anatomical attributes are important tools for taxonomic studies of plants. The present study compared anatomical characteristics (i.e. lamina, petiole and wood) of two species of Chrysophyllum (namely Chrysophyllum cainito L. and C. roxburghii G.Don) belonging to family Sapotaceae in Thailand to develop taxonomic identification keys for two species of Chrysophyllum. Peeling and clearing methods were used for epidermal study, paraffin method for lamina and petiole transverse sections and standard microtome sectioning for anatomical analyses of wood. The findings of this study demonstrated the leaf and wood anatomical features presenting in C. cainito differs from those in the species of C. roxburghii including 1) shape and outline of epidermal cell wall 2) presence or absence of T-shaped trichome 3) presence or absence of inclusions 4) shape of vascular bundle and accessory bundle in midrib 5) shape of petiole and vascular bundle 6) grouping type of vessel 7) type of axial parenchyma 8) presence or absence of inclusions in rays and 9) thickness of fiber walls. Therefore, these characteristics can be used valuably as additional data in case of taxonomic studies of Thai Chrysophyllum.

MORPHOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS OF FRUITS IN SOME TAXA OF VALERIANACEAE BATSCH FAMILY

This study was conducted at the different geographical regions at the north of Iraq; during the field trips, many samples of individuals of two genera Valeriana L. and Valerianella Miller were collected. The fruits of specimens morphologically have been inspected, and some parts of fruits were anatomically examined by paraffin method, from both studies the diagnostic characteristics of fruits were determined. This study was proved the morphological characteristics of significance within genera and species levels, while anatomical features had a large role in separation between the two studied genera, it was proved that the cross-sectional outlines of fruits played a significant role in delimiting among species of the genus Valerianella.

Predictive power of the intraoperative evaluation of retroareolar margin in mammary adenectomies for the treatment of early-stage breast cancer

Introduction: Mammary adenectomy (MA) has been increasingly adopted to treat early-stage breast cancer (BC) for its cosmetic benefits and oncologic safety. In order to ensure the local control of the disease, the amount of remaining glandular tissue should be the least possible, and surgical margins must be free. Objective: To evaluate the predictive power of the intraoperative evaluation of retroareolar margin (IERM) compared to the gold-standard represented by the definitive analysis of sections embedded in paraffin. Method: This is a retrospective cohort study conducted with patients from the Clínica Professor Alfredo Barros, based on 224 individuals submitted to surgery with the MA technique (178 infiltrating carcinomas and 46 ductal carcinomas in situ). In all patients, the distance tumor-nipple-areola complex (NAC) was ≥2.0 cm, according to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A 0.5 cm thick flap was used in the region below the NAC. IERM was performed through cytopathological and histopathological examinations. IERM findings were compared to those of the definitive paraffin examination to calculate the parameters of predictive power. Results: In 5 cases (2.2%), IERM was positive, and NAC was immediately removed. The parameters of IERM predictive power can be seen below: Sensitivity 100%, Specificity 100%, Positive predictive value 100%, Positive negative value 97,3%, Accuracy 98,2%. Conclusion: IERM is highly accurate, has full specificity, and the NAC can be managed intraoperatively according to its result.