Scared or Attached? Unraveling Important Links in Strain–Crime Relationships Among School Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 1175-1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasiia Kuptsevych-Timmer ◽  
Olena Antonaccio ◽  
Ekaterina V. Botchkovar ◽  
William R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adolescent Delinquency ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
School Students ◽  
Decomposition Procedure ◽  
Theory Of Crime ◽  
General Strain ◽  
The Relationship

Drawing on general strain theory of crime, the study employs the survey data from a random sample of 600 school students in Lviv, Ukraine, to examine how sanction risks and social bonds mediate and moderate the relationship between strain and adolescent delinquency. Findings from negative binomial regressions and the KHB decomposition procedure demonstrate that fear of sanctions and levels of social control mediate the relationships between strain and delinquency to a different degree, depending on the type of strain experienced. Results concerning conditioning effects are mixed, with only parental monitoring found to be a moderator of the strain–delinquency link. However, the direction of the interaction effect is unexpected. Future research needs to improve the specification of strain models and evaluate them in other sociocultural contexts.

Mediating the Relationship Between Parental Control/Support and Offspring Delinquency: Self-Efficacy for a Conventional Lifestyle Versus Self-Efficacy for Deviance

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 606-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn D. Walters
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Parental Control ◽  
Cognitive Variable ◽  
School Students ◽  
Social Cognitive Variable ◽  
The Relationship

This study sought to determine whether self-efficacy for a conventional lifestyle mediated the relationship between parental control/support and offspring delinquency using longitudinal data supplied by 2,252 (1,145 boys, 1,107 girls) high school students surveyed in the 10th, 11th, and 12th grades. The results of a three-regression negative binomial analysis revealed that self-efficacy for a conventional lifestyle mediated the relationships between Wave 1 parental monitoring and attachment, on one hand, and Wave 3 delinquency, on the other hand. Comparison pathways mediated by self-efficacy for deviance, consistent with predictions, did not achieve significance. These results indicate that a social cognitive variable, self-efficacy for a conventional lifestyle, may be partially responsible for the delinquency-inhibiting effects of parental control (monitoring) and support (attachment).

Toward better theory on the relationship between commitment, participation and leadership in unions

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 715-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregor Gall ◽  
Jack Fiorito
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Union Commitment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extant Literature ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to give a critique of the extant literature on union commitment and participation in order to develop remedies to identified weaknessesDesign/methodology/approachThe paper uses a critical assessment of extant literature.FindingsA number of critical deficiencies exist in the literature to which remedies are proposed.Research limitations/implicationsThe remedies need testing through empirical research.Practical implicationsFuture research needs to have different research foci and questions.Social implicationsWith a reorientation of future research on union commitment, participation and leadership, unions may be better able to benefit from academic research in the area.Originality/valueThe paper suggests that a reorientation of future research on union commitment, participation and leadership will allow more incisive and more robust contributions to be made to understanding unions as complex social organisms.

Does attitude toward money moderate the relationship between intrinsic job satisfaction and voluntary turnover?

2000 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Li-Ping Tang ◽  
Jwa K. Kim ◽  
David Shin-Hsiung Tang
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Voluntary Turnover ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Withdrawal Cognitions ◽  
Intrinsic Job Satisfaction ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Turnover Behavior ◽  
Money Ethic ◽  
Actual Turnover

The present study expanded Judge's (1993) study and tested the hypotheses that people's Money Ethic endorsement (Tang, 1992, 1995) would moderate the intrinsic job satisfaction-withdrawal cognitions relationship and the intrinsic job satisfaction-voluntary turnover relationship in a sample of mental health and mental retardation professionals. Results suggested that Money Ethic endorsement was a moderator for both relationships. For employees with high Money Ethic endorsement, their voluntary turnover was high regardless of their intrinsic job satisfaction. Employees with low Money Ethic endorsement and low intrinsic job satisfaction had the lowest voluntary turnover. Thus, in this sample, just a pull (high Money Ethic) is needed to experience turnover. Money Ethic endorsement predicted actual turnover behavior, but withdrawal cognitions did not. Money Ethic endorsement was not a mediator of the intrinsic job satisfaction and turnover relationship. Results are discussed in terms of the small, but growing literature on the psychology of money (Furnham & Argyle, 1998). Future research needs to re-focus on employees' actual turnover behavior, rather than the substitutes or proxies of turnover behavior, such as withdrawal cognitions.

Does Family Process Mediate the Effect of Religiosity On Adolescent Deviance?

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd E. Pickering ◽  
Alexander T. Vazsonyi
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Family Process ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Relational Practice ◽  
The Relationship

A considerable amount of research has been conducted on the nature of the relationship between both religiosity and family process with deviance. There are few studies, however, that investigate the interplay among religiosity, family process, and deviance. The current study sought to examine whether family process mediates the relationship between religiosity (conceptualized as ritualistic participation and relational practice) and deviance. High school students ( N = 865) responded to survey questions dealing with religiosity (two scales), family process (six scales for both mothers and fathers), and deviance (seven subscales and a total deviance scale). A structural equation modeling (SEM) analytic approach was used. Results indicated that family process did not mediate the relationship between religiosity and deviance. Relational practice was found to be a more robust predictor of deviant behavior than ritualistic participation. Future research in this area should seek to improve methods of data collection (e.g., multimethod) and to develop better scalar measures of religiosity.

scholarly journals Causes of School Bullying

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 849-877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byongook Moon ◽  
Hye-Won Hwang ◽  
John D. McCluskey
Keyword(s):  
School Bullying ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Future Research ◽  
General Theory Of Crime ◽  
Differential Association Theory ◽  
Theory Of Crime ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
General Strain ◽  
Criminological Theories ◽  
Research And Policy

A growing number of studies indicate the ubiquity of school bullying: It is a global concern, regardless of cultural differences. Little previous research has examined whether leading criminological theories can explain bullying, despite the commonality between bullying and delinquency. The current investigation uses longitudinal data on 655 Korean youth, in three schools, to examine the applicability of leading criminological theories (general theory of crime, differential association theory, and general strain theory) in explaining school bullying. Overall, our findings indicate limited support for the generality of these three leading criminological theories in explaining the etiology of bullying. However, the findings show the significant effects of school-generated strains (teachers’ physical and emotional punishment and examination related strain) on bullying. Directions for future research and policy implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Attitude Toward Science and Academic Achievement in Science: A Three-Level Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peipei Mao ◽  
Zhihui Cai ◽  
Jinbo He ◽  
Xinjie Chen ◽  
Xitao Fan
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Science Achievement ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
School Students ◽  
Societal Relevance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Attitude Toward Science

Science education is attracting increasing attention and many researchers focus on the issue about the attitude-achievement relationship in science, but there is still no consistent conclusion. By using a three-level meta-analytic approach, the aim of the current study was to investigate the relationship between attitude toward science and academic achievement in learning science among primary and secondary school students, and to explore if some study characteristics could have contributed to the inconsistent findings with regard to this relationship as observed in the research literature. A total of 37 studies with 132 effect sizes involving a total of 1,042,537 participants were identified. The meta-analytic results revealed that there was an overall positive and moderate relationship between attitude toward science and learning achievement in science (r = 0.248, p < 0.001). The results further found that this association was moderated by the type of attitude and larger effect sizes were shown in self-efficacy than in interest, societal relevance of attitude toward science, and mixed attitude. Moreover, the effect sizes of studies with unstandardized measure to assess science achievement were larger than those with standardized measure. Possible explanations for these findings and its implications for future research directions were also discussed in this review.

scholarly journals Are the Effects of Poverty and Victimization on Criminal Recidivism Mediated by Depression as Predicted by General Strain Theory? A Longitudinal Study of Provincially Sentenced Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. Newman
Keyword(s):  
General Strain Theory ◽  
Female Offenders ◽  
Strain Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Criminal Recidivism ◽  
General Strain ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Provincially Sentenced

The current study is a longitudinal analysis of psychosocial factors contributing to re-offending among 125 adult female offenders. Drawing on General Strain Theory (GST), the study examined the role of victimization and poverty on criminal recidivism and investigated whether this relationship was mediated by depression. Regression, survival, and mediational analyses were employed to examine the impact of these variables on criminal recidivism. Findings revealed that using illegal means to make ends meet, and having survived childhood sexual abuse, were particularly important predictors of recidivism for women in the study sample, although depression was not found to significantly mediate the relationship between strain and recidivism. Implications for future research on female recidivism and helping women to stay crime-free are discussed.

scholarly journals The relationship between gasoline composition and vehicle hydrocarbon emissions: a review of current studies and future research needs.

1994 ◽  
Vol 102 (suppl 4) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Schuetzle ◽  
W O Siegl ◽  
T E Jensen ◽  
M A Dearth ◽  
E W Kaiser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Hydrocarbon Emissions ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
The Relationship

Does Future Orientation Moderate the Relationship Between Impulse Control and Offending? Insights From a Sample of Serious Young Offenders

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damon M. Petrich ◽  
Christopher J. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Impulse Control ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Future Orientation ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Young Offenders ◽  
Behavioral Strategies ◽  
Pathways To Desistance ◽  
The Relationship

Researchers have recently begun to examine motivational factors as moderators of the relationship between self-control and offending behavior. The current study extends prior work by investigating whether three aspects of future orientation (aspirations, expectations, and the use of future-oriented cognitive and behavioral strategies) play such a role. Drawing on 7 years of data from the Pathways to Desistance study ( N = 1,333), we use hybrid effects negative binomial regression models to assess how within-individual changes in future orientation and impulse control are independently and jointly related to the offending variety of serious young offenders. Although impulse control and three components of future orientation had significant main effects on offending, no interaction between these components emerged in our results. Implications for future research are discussed.

Can the General Theory of Crime and General Strain Theory Explain Cyberbullying Perpetration?

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 674-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Lianos ◽  
Andrew McGrath
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
General Strain Theory ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Strain Theory ◽  
Self Control ◽  
General Theory Of Crime ◽  
Theory Of Crime ◽  
General Strain ◽  
Low Self Control ◽  
The Relationship

Cyberbullying is an increasingly common characteristic of contemporary online communication. The current study surveyed 320 Internet-active young adults and found up to 80% reported engaging in this behavior at least once. In addition, the ability of the general theory of crime and general strain theory to explain cyberbullying perpetration was tested. Evidence for both theories was observed, with both low self-control and higher levels of strain related to cyberbullying perpetration. Furthermore, opportunity (operationalized as moderate and high number of hours online) interacted with low self-control to increase perpetration, and anger partially mediated the relationship between strain and cyberbullying. Implications of the findings are discussed.

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