Trust and Confidence in Media and Criminal Justice Institutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 2213-2233
Author(s):  
Francis D. Boateng ◽  
Kimberly Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
World Values Survey ◽  
South Africans ◽  
The World ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Media

In every society, the main purpose of the criminal justice system is to maintain social order and ensure that citizens comply with the law. To do this effectively, the police and court systems need citizen cooperation and obedience, and willingness to assist with criminal investigations and report crimes to the police. The purpose of this study is to examine the association between confidence in the media and confidence in the criminal justice institutions in South Africa. The study tests two objectives: to assess South Africans’ level of confidence in the police and courts, and to determine whether citizens’ levels of confidence in both the print and televised media will influence their levels of confidence in the police, courts, and in the criminal justice system in general. Utilizing data from the World Values Survey, results reveal a significant and positive relationship between confidence in the media and confidence in the criminal justice institutions. Policy implications of this observation are discussed.

The Victimization and Disparate Treatment of Racial and Ethnic Minorities

2021 ◽  
pp. 353-382
Author(s):  
Rhiannon Oakes ◽  
Annie K. Oakeley ◽  
Rola Goke-Pariola
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Implicit Bias ◽  
Hate Crimes ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Minorities ◽  
The World ◽  
Disparate Treatment ◽  
The Media

This chapter focuses on the victimization of racial and ethnic minorities and the disparate treatment they face within the criminal justice system. Factors that contribute to these issues, such as hate crimes, intersectionality, implicit bias, and the school-to-prison pipeline, will be discussed. The ways in which the media and society at large respond to these matters will be identified. An exploration of how victimization of racial and ethnic minorities differs around the world concludes the chapter.

On Gang Affiliation, Gang Databases, and Prosecutorial Outcomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan W. Caudill ◽  
Chad R. Trulson ◽  
James W. Marquart ◽  
Matt DeLisi
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Gang Affiliation ◽  
Legal Consequences

Technological advances have enabled criminal justice organizations to collect and share offender data. Accompanying these advances are concerns about how various segments of the criminal justice system utilize these data. Specifically, scholars have expressed concerns about the legal consequences of being included in gang databases. This study explored the use of gang affiliation indicators on prosecutorial outcomes by using a sample of 5,111 urban juvenile cases. Using three binary measures of gang affiliation, multinomial logistic regression analysis suggested indicators of gang affiliation influenced prosecutorial outcomes (dismissal, pre-adjudication informal supervision, deferred prosecution, or petition), but in an unanticipated manner. Confirmed gang affiliates, instead of suspected or non-gang affiliates, were significantly more likely to experience pre-adjudication informal supervision over other forms of case outcomes: case dismissal, deferred prosecution, or court petition. Policy implications focus on the inter-connectedness of the criminal justice system.

scholarly journals Mídia, medo e controle: Ensaio sobre o papel da mídia na dinãmica do recrudescimento do sistema penal

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Lazzari da Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
El Sistema ◽  
The Media ◽  
Medios De Comunicacion

Partindo do pressuposto que a mídia possui grande influência sobre os indivíduos, e que ao veicular notícias sobre crimes de forma excessiva, muitas vezes sob um viés sensacionalista, dissemina o medo e a insegurança no tecido social, o presente artigo tem como objetivo identificar de que modo a mídia se relaciona com o sistema penal, bem como o papel que desempenha na dinâmica que enseja o seu recrudescimento.Resumen: Partiendo de la suposición de que los medios de comunicación ejercen gran influencia en los individuos, y que al transmitir excesivamente noticias sobre crímenes - a menudo a partir de un sesgo sensacionalista - siembran el miedo y la inseguridad en el tejido social, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar el modo por lo cual los medios de comunicación se relacionan con el sistema penal, así como el rol que desempeñan en la dinámica que posibilita su endurecimiento. Palabras clave: Medios - Crimen - Miedo - Sistema Penal  Abstract: Assuming that the media has the ability to influence people , and to convey news about crimes excessively, often in a sensationalist bias , spreading fear and insecurity in society , this paper aims to identify how the media relates to the criminal justice system , and the role it plays in the dynamics that gives rise to its expansion. Keywords: Media – Crime – Fear – Criminal System

Lingual injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Pugach ◽  
Anat Peleg ◽  
Natti Ronel
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Murder Victims ◽  
The Media ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Qualitative Phenomenological ◽  
Qualitative Phenomenological Study ◽  
Innovative Concept

This qualitative, phenomenological study conducted in Israel consisted of interviews with 14 close relatives of murder victims whose cases generated media interest. The research offers a comprehensive view of the endeavors of the participants to be heard in both the criminal justice system and the media. The findings indicate that despite the growing recognition of co-victims’ rights and media attention to their narratives, both the justice system and the media disappoint these victims and largely fail to respond to their need to convey their messages. The participants experienced ‘lingual injury:’ the repudiation and muting of their own language in favor of professional jargon. Lingual injury is an innovative concept that describes particular aspects of secondary victimization; it contributes to the existing literature by enabling a detailed mapping of co-victims’ simultaneous difficulties in the interplay between the criminal justice system and the media. It highlights the need for developing professional tools, both legal and victimological, to alleviate this situation.

Guilty Until Proved Innocent: Wrongful Conviction and Public Policy

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 518-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ronald Huff ◽  
Arye Rattner ◽  
Edward Sagarin ◽  
Donal E. J. MacNamara
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Innocent Person ◽  
Wrongful Conviction ◽  
Extant Literature ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
The Subject

Few problems can pose a greater threat to free, democratic societies than that of wrongful conviction—the conviction of an innocent person. Yet relatively little attention has been paid to this problem, perhaps because of our understandable concern with the efficiency and effectiveness of the criminal justice system in combatting crime. Drawing on our own database of nearly 500 cases of wrongful conviction, our survey of criminal justice officials, and our review of extant literature on the subject, we address three major questions: (1) How frequent is wrongful conviction? (2) What are its major causes? and (3) What policy implications may be derived from this study?

scholarly journals In the Wake of Rubin “Hurricane” Carter: The Plight of John Artis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Rebekah Spaulding
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Institutional Racism ◽  
Secondary Character ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact

<p class="BodyA">In the summer of 1966 in Paterson, New Jersey, Rubin “Hurricane” Carter and John Artis were arrested on suspicion of triple homicide. Tried and convicted the following year, Carter and Artis would spend almost twenty years in jail, despite evidence of witness tampering and police malfeasance. During and after their incarceration, Carter received an abundance of public support due to his famous boxing career, while Artis often went unnoticed as a secondary character by the media. By examining the details surrounding Carter and Artis’s wrongful imprisonment, it is clear to see the institutional racism and systematic criminalization of African Americans, as well as the impact of notoriety in criminal justice. While this case is undoubtedly a gross miscarriage of justice, it is the forgotten story of John Artis that shows the flaws of the criminal justice system and how society is told to remember its history.</p>

scholarly journals The Criminal Justice System as Enablement for Social Order in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-86
Author(s):  
Darlington Iwarimie-Jaja ◽  
Raimi Lasisi
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Complementary Method ◽  
The People ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Government

The place of the Criminal Justice System (CJS) in ensuring and sustaining social order in any country has been long established especially with the understanding that norms, rules, and laws act as social adhesives for society. However, some countries in the developing world seem to be grappling with significant challenges associated with criminal justice delivery as a consequence of the real and perceived inefficiency of the CJS in dealing with deviant issues. This to a large extent tend to undermine social order and by extension the collective conscience of the people. In Nigeria, criminal justice issues have attracted strong theoretical and practical affronts with the dominant perspective being that the poor are often denied justice in favour of the rich with adverse implications for social order. As a result, this paper examined the issue of the CJS in order to show how this affects social order in Nigeria. The paper adopts the content analysis method for data gathering and the qualitative approach to data analysis. Also, the Marxist Political Economy perspective is adopted as the theoretical framework as well as a complementary method of analysis. The paper submits that in a society like Nigeria where criminal justice is significantly defined by the politics of corruption, social order will be largely elusive and in its place, there will be an obvious consistency in criminal activities in the country. The paper recommends among others that the government should strengthen the criminal justice system and provide an enabling environment for it to function effectively if social order is to be achieved in Nigeria.

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